1. Technical and Policy Guidelines to ensure successful adoption of rain water harvesting technologies for small scale irrigation in Zimbabwe
Eng. Waddilove Mandiziba – ZINWA
AFRHINET Project Partner and Stakeholder Meeting , 28 Sept. 2015, Harare, Zimbabwe
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2. CONTENTS Introduction The Water Sector - Institutions Policy Framework
Policy Guidelines
Technical Guidelines
Legal Framework
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3. INTRODUCTION Water resources in Zimbabwe
- Ground water resources (boreholes, wells) – Potential = 3.0Million ML, current usage = +/- 1.0Million ML/yr
- Surface water resources (rivers, dams, swamps) – Developed storage approx 8.7 Million ML with a 10% yield of 3.7 Million ML.
- Zimbabwe has the 2nd highest per capita storage in Southern Africa
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4. 9/28/2015
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5. CATCHMENT MAP
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6. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN THE WATER SECTOR
Ministry of Environment, Climate and
Water
EMA, NAT. PARKS, ALLIED TIMBERS, MET DEPT.
National Civil Protection Unit/NCU/NCA
Catchment Councils
Sub-Catchment Councils
Water Users
ZINWA Board
ZINWA HO & Catchments
Department of Water
Development
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7. Roles of Institutions
Min of Environment, Water and Climate – Acts, Statutory Instruments, National water policy, Climate change strategy
Catchment Councils – River outline plans, surface and ground water permits (storage and abstraction)
Proposed Water and Wastewater Services Regulatory Unit (WWRU)
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8. Roles of Institutions
ZINWA is currently the regulator (“de facto”) in the water sector
The National Water Policy of 2012 proposes the formation of a Water and Waste Services Regulatory Unit (WWSRU)
Sub Catchment Councils monitor water abstractions with support from ZINWA– enforcement of permits
ZINWA supervises the construction of any large dam, private or national on behalf of gvt
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9. Charges for water in Zimbabwe
Raw Water Prices at ZINWA dams are as follows:
An additional $1.06 and $1.00 per ML is levied for the Water Fund and Catchment Council levy respectively.
Water abstracted from a public stream attracts a levy of $2.06/ML(/year) for water fund and CC levy
CATEGORY
PRICE ($/ML) / ($/5,000drums)
Industry/Commercial Estates
9.45
Commercial-A2
6.82
Local Authorities
6.00
Farmers-A1
5.00
Farmers-Communal
4.50
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10. Policy Guideline
Development of small ‘dams’ or weirs that harness less than 5 ML do not require a permit but need registration.
The design of dams must be done by a registered Engineer
The construction progress of any dam (medium to large size) must be periodically reported to an Engineer assigned by the Secretary for the Min of Water, who may request to inspect the works at any time
Storage permit must be obtained from the relevant Catchment Council before construction
The Min of Environment, Water & Climate controls developments on wetlands and around the banks of streams
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11. Technical Guidelines
The GoZ is in the process of enhancing the process of setting technical standards and monitoring of the same for the water sector through the formation of an independent regulator.
The NCU is generally responsible for developing technical standards and guidelines for infrastructure development in Zimbabwe
The Zimbabwe Commission on Large Dams (ZIMCOLD) sets technical guidelines and standards for large dams. ZIMCOLD is affiliated to the International Commission on Large Dams, ICOLD
9/28/2015
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12. Technical Guidelines
ZINWA develops hydrological guidelines for the design of water infrastructure. These are published in a report called the Assessment of Surface Water Resources of Zimbabwe & Guidelines for Planning (Blue book)
The blue book gives the Unit Yield, MAR, Coeff. of Variation (CV), and area of each of the sub catchments
Risk levels for agriculture = 10%
Risk level for urban water supply = 4%
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13. LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
General laws
– Constitution of Zimbabwe – enshrines the right to access to water for basic needs
Water Act – outlines the institutional management of the water sector based on equitable and sustainable management of water resources
National Water Policy – roles of institutions, climate change, conservation
Technical Standards – dam designs to be approved by an approved Engineer (ZIMCOLD) appointed by the Secretary
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14. Water Act (1976): water rights granting and interpretation
priority date system
river boards and stakeholder participation
concept of private water
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15. WATER ACT(1998) [Chapter 20:24]
Water permits and water allocation
Catchment and Sub-catchment councils
Environment as a water consumer
Polluter user pays system
DWD and Regional Water Authority transformation to ZINWA
Water user pays system
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16. Thank you
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every drop counts