3. ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate What is it? Energy molecule How? –E–Energy stored in chemical bonds –W–When ATP is broken apart, energy is released Why? ATP used for many activities –M–Muscles, heart, translation, mitosis, active transport, etc…

4. Cellular Respiration Overview Defined: Conversion of glucose into ATP Performed by the mitochondria Exergonic reaction: releases energy Who: All life End Result: ATP

5. Cellular Respiration: Stage 1 - Glycolysis Defined: breakdown of glucose (6C) into two 3C molecules Gain of 2ATP molecule Anaerobic process (no O 2 required)

6. ATP

8. Cellular Respiration with oxygen present: Stage 2 – Aerobic Respiration Defined: Creating ATP with the help of oxygen Two 3C molecules & oxygen recreate ATP 36 ATP molecules created CO 2 waste created All total: 1 glucose molecule = 38 ATP molecules

9. Cellular Respiration without oxygen present: Stage 2 – Anaerobic Respiration 1) Lactic Acid Fermentation: ATP created without oxygen (enzymes are used) –Byproduct: Lactic acid –Lactic acid buildup causes sore muscles –Much fewer ATP molecules are created (2 ATP)

10. Cellular Respiration without oxygen present: Stage 2 – Anaerobic Respiration 2) Alcoholic Fermentation: ATP and alcohol are created from glucose without oxygen –Performed by plants and microorganisms –Glucose, ADP, and enzymes are joined into ATP –Oh by the way… –Alcohol waste is created

11. Kobe Public Service Announcement: Proper Use of Alcohol

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13. Quick Review ATP is the energy molecule used by cells When ATP is broken into ADP, energy is released ATP can be rejoined through cellular respiration