1. Marine Mammal Visual and Acoustic Monitoring Melissa S. Soldevilla 1, Sean M. Wiggins 1, Greg S. Campbell 1, Erin M. Oleson 1, Nadia Rubio 1, John Calambokidis 2, Annie B. Douglas 2 and John A. Hildebrand 1 1 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92105-0205 2 Cascadia Research Collective, 218 1/2 W 4th Ave., Olympia, WA 98501

2. Marine Mammal CalCOFI Project Goals Cetacean surveys on CalCOFI cruises Cetacean surveys on CalCOFI cruises Examine seasonal and inter-annual distribution patterns Examine seasonal and inter-annual distribution patterns Develop delphinid acoustic identification Develop delphinid acoustic identification Integrate environmental and cetacean data Integrate environmental and cetacean data Develop predictive ecological models of cetacean habitat Develop predictive ecological models of cetacean habitat

3. Gray Whale Mystecete Whales Blue Whale Fin Whale Minke Whale Humpback Whale

4. Odontocetes Risso’s dolphin Common dolphin Pacific white-sided dolphin Bottlenose dolphin Sperm whale Northern right whale dolphin Dall’s porpoise

5. CalCOFI Marine Mammal Survey Methods Visuals & Acoustics Towed Hydrophone Array Sonobuoy HARP – Seafloor Recording Package 1900 GBytes data storage 100 kHz dynamic range 60 days continuous sampling Hidrofono de arrastre

6. HARP Locations HARPs

7. Sighting Results CC0407-CC0610 Large Whales # Sightings # Individuals Blue Whale 3650 Fin Whale 4882 Gray Whale 1124 Humpback Whale 5088 Minke Whale 1212 Brydes / Sei Whale 11 Sperm Whale 2441 Killer Whale 29 Pilot Whale 130 Baird's Beaked Whale 120 Cuvier's Beaked Whale 69 Unidentified Beaked Whale 22 Unidentified Large Whale 120164 Total Sightings – 10 cruises 314532

8. Sighting Results CC0407-CC0610 Dolphins & Porpoises # Sightings # Individuals Common Dolphin - Short Beaked 16113,101 Common Dolphin - Long Beaked 498,557 Common Dolphin - unidentified spp 1028,825 Risso's Dolphin 22462 Northern Right Whale Dolphin 19658 Pacific Whitesided Dolphin 60802 Rough-toothed Dolphin 19 Striped Dolphin 384 Bottlenose Dolphin 24340 Unidentified Dolphin 805,777 Dall's Porpoise 30164 Harbor Porpoise 12 Total Sightings – 10 cruises 52238,781

9. Coastal Distribution Long-beaked common dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

10. Coastal/Island Distribution Bottlenose Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

11. Shelf Distribution Risso’s Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

12. Shelf Distribution Humpback Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

13. Shelf with Offshore Distribution Pacific White-sided Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

14. Shelf with Offshore Distribution Northern Right Whale Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

15. Shelf and Offshore Distribution Blue Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

16. Shelf and Offshore Distribution Fin Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

17. Offshore and Shelf Distribution Dall’s Porpoise Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

18. Offshore Distribution Sperm Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

19. Cosmopolitan Distribution Short-beaked Common Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

20. Seasonality – Spring Peak

21. Seasonality – Summer Peak

22. Seasonality – Fall Peak

23. Acoustics Visuals

24. Acoustic Visual

25. HARP Long-term Acoustic Data Unknown delphinid clicks Probable Pacific white-sided clicks 22 27 38 Whistles 0 50 100 0:006:00 12:00

26. HARP Long-term Acoustic Data Probable Risso’s clicks Unknown Whistles 22 25 39 31 0:006:00 12:00 0 50 100

27. 12:00 24:00 0:00 12:00 24:00 0:00 0 50 100 0 50 100 Diel Calling Patterns Point ConceptionSanta Barbara Channel Santa Catalina

28. November January August November January August 0 50 100 0 50 100 Seasonal Calling Patterns Point ConceptionSanta Barbara Channel Santa Catalina

29. Summary Over 800 sightings, 40,000 animals Over 800 sightings, 40,000 animals Distinct seasonal and spatial distribution patterns Distinct seasonal and spatial distribution patterns Mismatch between visual and acoustic detections Mismatch between visual and acoustic detections Diel calling pattern in HARP data Diel calling pattern in HARP data

30. Future Goals Integrate long-term HARP data with environmental data Integrate long-term HARP data with environmental data Examine effects of behavior Examine effects of behavior Visual and acoustic detectability Visual and acoustic detectability Night-time foraging vs. navigation Night-time foraging vs. navigation Develop predictive habitat models Develop predictive habitat models

31. Thank You!