1. Chapter 13 RNA & Protein Synthesis

2. Do Now For those of you supporting a sports team, write for 5 minutes as to why you support this team. At least 7 lines For those not supporting a team, what is your favorite hobby? Why?

3. Homework Due Define (Page 362-365) RNA Messenger RNA Ribosomal RNA Transfer RNA Transcription RNA polymerase Promoter Intron Exon

4. Homework Read 366-371 Double entry notes

5. The Upcoming Week Today – 13.1 RNA Tuesday – 13.2-13.3 RNA/Mutations Thursday – Jeopardy DNA v. RNA Friday – Exam over Chapter 12 & 13 DNA RNA

6. Review What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic acid Made up of nucleotides joined into long strands and chains Made up of 5 carbon sugar called deoxyribose and phosphate Has 4 nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine Commonly referred to as A, G, C, T

7. Review Erwin Chargaff Showed percentages of adenine and thymine are almost always identical in DNA Percentages of Guanine and Cytosine are also almost identical What conclusion would you draw from this? A=T G=C

8. Role of RNA RNA – Ribonucleic Acid DNA is a coded message that tells the body how to build proteins Decoded from DNA to RNA Produces proteins

9. What are proteins? Macro molecule containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Some proteins control reactions in the body and regulate cell processes Others for important cell structures Others transport substances in or out of the cell to fight disease

10. DNA v. RNA DNA 5-C sugar Phosphate Nitrogen RNA 5-C sugar Phosphate Nitrogen

11. DNA v. RNA There must be differences What is one that you can pick out almost immediately? 1.RNA – Ribose not Deoxyribose (DNA) 2.RNA is single stranded 3.RNA has uricil instead of thymine

12. DNA v. RNA DNA carries the “master plan” But would you create a building using the only copy of the plan? DNA copies the material, and RNA works to carry out the plan RNA “disposable” copy of DNA Main function being protein synthesis

13. Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA)

14. Messenger RNA Genes contain instructions for assembling amino acids to proteins mRNA carries the copies of these instructions Carry info from DNA to other parts of the cell

15. Ribosomal RNA Where in the cell are proteins assembled? Ribosomes Ribosomes are made up of several rRNA molecules and different proteins

16. Transfer RNA tRNA helps transfer amino acids to the ribosome as it is specified by mRNA Helps carry amino acid to ribosome

17. Transcription The creation of RNA mainly occurs during transcription The RNA sequence compliments the DNA sequence RNA polymerase is the enzyme that aids in the transcription process Takes 1 strand of DNA and creates a copy, substituting Uricil for thymine