4. SEMINAR TOPIC-BIO MECHANICS SUBMITED BY-Rohit pritam Das Admition no-11BI/12 SUBMITED TO-Miss.Sucharita Balabantaray Asst.professor Dept. of Biooinformatics

5. INTRODUCTION

6.  Biomechanics is the study of the structure and function of biological systems such as humans, animals, plants, organs, and cells by means of the methods of mechanics.humansanimalsplantsorganscells

10. 1) KINEMATICS 2) KINETICS 3) EMG

11. BIOMECHANICS HUMAN BODY MECHANICSMOLECULARBIOMECHANICS HUMAN EYE HUMAN BONE HEART AND BLOOD MUSCLES MECHANOBIOLOGY MECHANOTRANSDUCTION CYTOSKELETON MOLECULAR MOTOR

15.  The rod cells give you black-and-white vision, and your night vision. Your colour vision comes from about 6 to 7 million cones inside your eye  cones are packed together in a tiny area called the fovea  The rods are spread out over the back of the eyeball in a larger area called the retina.

16.  Bones are amazing. From the bones in your feet to the bones in your skull, your body has 206 kinds of different bones. These bones give your body its shape.  Bones are surprisingly strong. They get this strength from calcium  If you think about how hard and strong cement is, you have an idea of how bone can be so strong.  Cement, like bone, contains a lot of calcium. But how is the calcium turned into bone? There are cells called osteoblasts that do the work.

18. HUMAN HEART

19.  Along the way, many different things happen.  Probably the most important thing is that the red blood cells release their oxygen to your body’s cells and then they pick up carbon dioxide released by the cells.  Miles and miles of tiny blood vessels called capillaries take the blood close to every cell in your bod

20. BLOOD

21. Blood by the Numbers · Amount of blood: 7 to 8 liters · Number of red blood cells: 25 trillion · Forty percent of blood (by volume) is red cells · Number of platelets: 2 trillion · Number of white blood cells: 40 billion

22. MUSCLES

24. MOLECULAR BIOMECHANICS

25.  in living cells. n particular, single-molecule biomechanics studies of proteins and DNA, and mechanochemical coupling in biomolecular motors have demonstrated the critical importance of molecular mechanics as a new frontier in bioengineering and life sciences

26. Keywords: 1. Mechanobiology 2. Mechanotransduction 3. Cytoskeleton 4. Molecular motors

28.  mechanobiology describes the relationship between a cell and its environment and how a cell can detect, measure and respond to the rigidity of its substrate.  Mechanobiology is an emerging field of science at the interface of biology and engineering.  It focuses on the way that physical forces and changes in cell or tissue mechanics contribute to development, physiology, and disease.physiology

29.  Mechanotransduction refers to the many mechanisms by which cells convert mechanical stimulus into chemical activity.mechanismsmechanical stimulus  Mechanotransduction is responsible for a number of senses and physiological processes in the body, including, touch, balance, and hearing  The basic mechanism of mechanotransduction involves converting mechanical signals into electrical or chemical signals.  In this process, a mechanically gated ion channel makes it possible for sound, pressure, or movement to cause a change in the excitability of specialized sensory cells and sensory neurons.sensory neurons

30.  The eukaryotic cytoskeleton. Actin filaments are shown in red,  Microtubules in green,  nuclei are in blue

32. 1. SPORTS  Spining a ball in your finger  Drag recing  Swimming 2. Physical therapy

33.  Molecular motors are biological molecular machines that are the essential agents of movement in living organisms.molecular machines  In general terms, a motor may be defined as a device that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical workmotormechanical work  for example, many protein-based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP in order to perform mechanical work. proteinfree energyhydrolysisATP

34. Test book of biophysics http://google.bioenergetics http://google.biophysics

35. ANY QUESTION PLEASE ?

36. THANK YOU