1. Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg Zhuang GE RIKEN, Wako, Japan Mass measurements of short-lived nuclides at storage rings in Asia and its impacts on Astrophysics

2. 1. Importance of Atomic mass measurements in Astrophysics 2. Principle/setup of mass measurements in CSRe(China) and Rare-RI-Ring(Japan) 3. Results & prospections Outline

3. M(Z,N) = ∑ m i Physics & Chemistry Basic information requied  m/m ≈ 1·10 -6 Nuclear Physics Mass formula, models, drip lines  m/m ≈ 1·10 -7 Astro-Physics Nuclear synthesis abundance Fundunmental Physics Fundamental constants CPT, EDM, QED  m/m ≈ 1·10 -11  m/m < 3·10 -9 Atomic Physics Binding energy in highly charged ions  m/m < 1·10 -8 Weak interaction Symmery tests CVC hypothesis Importance of Masses measurements and Precision  m/m ≈ 1·10 -7 From H.-J.Kluge Eur. J. Mass spectrom. 16 (2010)269

4. Importance of Masses Measurements in Astrophysics & Nuclear Physics dm/m = 10 -6 -10 -7 Magic Number, Shell & Drip Lines Pairing, Deformation, Halos Nuclear Models & Formula Energy Generation Element abundance Symmetry in Nuclei Nucleo- synthesis path Time Scale & Light Curves z

5. rp process r process Important nuclear physics input: Atomic masses, half-lives, and reaction rates Atomic Masses in Nuclear Astrophysics

6. 2012 NUBSE 2012 About 2200 nuclear masses were measured 3000 nuclides known 7000-8000 nuclides predicted Huge experimental work are needed !

7. Mass Measurement Facilities Worldwide

8. Principle & method of Measurements @CSRE

9. Principle & method of Measurements (Schottky Mass Spectrometry SMS)&(Isochronous Mass Spectrometry IMS) Injection Electron Cooler properties ： high precision ， long- lived>1s Mass Resolution 1.5*10 -7 to 4*10 -8 properties ： low production yield ， short-lived (tens of μs) Mass Resolution 5*10 - 7 Schottky Probe ToF

10. Experiment process

11. Revolution time identification 11

12. Mass calibration

13. X. Xu et al., submitted to CPC, 2015 Double ToF IMS@CSRE

14. Principle & method of Measurements @Rare-RI-Ring

15. For PTEP2012, 03C009(2012) 0: isochronous 1: non-isochronous Velocity correction is important! measurement ~ 10 -4 10 -6 reference < 10 -6 measurement < 10 -6 k ~ 10 -2 Principles for Mass measurements 1----velocity correction Unknown mass is measured relative to precisely-known reference mass Two particles with the same momentum have the same flight path length in the ring Revolution time T 0

16. Rare RI Ring @RIBF Location of Rare RI Ring at RIKEN RIBF Setup and location Rare RI Ring @RIBF

17. For 0: isochronous 1: non-isochronous correction is important here! 10 -6 reference < 10 -6 measurement < 10 -6 Principles for Mass measurements 2-----magnetic rigidity correction BRHO CORRECTION FACTOR Machine study to test ???????? Unknown mass is measured relative to precisely-known reference mass Two particles with the same momentum have the same flight path length in the ring Revolution time T 0

18. Experiment process 48Ca: 345.34Mev/u (1 pnA) F1-slit: +/-21.4mm,F2-slit:+/-5mm F1-deg:Al,1.417mm F2-deg:Al,0.485mm F0-Be:25mm

19. Some Results & Prospections,prosperctive s

20. Mass measurement results at CSRe-Lanzhou X. L. Tu et al., PRL 106, 112501 (2011) X. L. Yan et al. Astrophys. J. Lett. 766, L8 (2013) H. S. Xu et al., IJMS 349, 162 (2013) Beams: 56 Ni, 78 Kr, 86 Kr, 112 Sn, 36 Ar Precision 10 -6 ~10 -7 (20-200 keV) Remeasured 27 Newly measured 26 Double ToF

21. Impact of CSRe Mass Measurement Mass Measurement of Tz=-1/2 Nuclei ( 65 As)  Waiting Point in the rp-process of X-ray burst

22. S p ( 65 As) =  keV Effective half-life of 64 Ge Light curve of Type I x-ray burst 89%–90% of the reaction flow passes through 64Ge via proton capture indicating that: 64 Ge is not a significant rp-process waiting point. Abundance of burst ashes Impact on the rp-process of x-ray bursts X.L. Tu etal., PRL 106, 112501 (2011)

23. ○ Rare RI Ring ○ MRTOF with main beam ○ MRTOF with parasitic beam How far can we go ? operation measurements Rare RI Ring is about to be put into operation for mass measurements of r- process nuclei Prospections for Rare_RI_Ring

24. Thanks

25. Impact of CSRe Mass Measurement Mass Measurement of Tz=-3/2 Nuclei ( 45 Cr)  Test of Ca-Sc Cycle in rp Process

26. NuclideCount Sp(AME03) （ keV ） Sp(CSRe) （ keV ） T(1/2) 41 Ti762466(100)#2464(28)82.6(5)min 43 V42187(230)#83(43)79(2) ms 45 Cr2182139(514)2684(125)60.9(4) ms 47 Mn11975(161)#381(38)88(1) ms 49 Fe3382549(186)#2720(113)64.7(3) ms 53 Ni6512739(175)#3000(74)55.2(7) ms 55 Cu19-301(304)#-286(164)27(8) ms S p ±3 σ(S p ) [AME03] S p ±3 σ(S p ) [CSRe] One-zone X-ray burst model calculations (p, γ ) ↔(γ,p) Inpact of the 45 Cr mass on the Sc-Ca cycle

27. X. L. Yan et al. 2013 ApJ 766 L8 Inpact of the 45 Cr mass on the Sc-Ca cycle S p -3 σ(S p ) [AME03] S p +3 σ(S p ) [AME03] S p ± σ(S p ) [AME03] S p ± σ(S p ) [CSRe]