1. ITSE 1456 – 01 Extensible Markup Language(XML) 1 Ade Buraimoh

2. Outline How semantic tagging makes XML documents easier to maintain and develop than their HTML equivalents How to post XML documents on Web servers in a form everyone can read How to make sure your XML is well-formed How to format your documents with CSS and XSL style sheets How to validate documents with DTDs How to use entities to build large documents from smaller parts How attributes describe data How to connect documents with XLinks and XPointers 2

3. What is XML Stands for Extensible Markup Language The first thing you need to understand about XML is that it isn’t just another markup language like HTML These languages define a fixed set of tags that describe a fixed number of elements. It’s a language that lets you make up the tags you need as you go along XML markup describes a document’s structure and meaning 3

4. XML describes structure and semantics, not formatting XML markup describes a document’s structure and meaning http://www.w3.org/XML/ http://www.w3schools.com/xml/ http://www.w3schools.com/ajax/default.ASP 4

5. Related Technologies HTML Separating content from presentation is an extremely effective technique that improves both the content and the appearance of the document. Among other things, it enables authors, programmers, and designers to work more independently of each other. http://www.w3schools.com/html/http://www.w3schools.com/html/ HTML tutorial 5

6. Sending and retrieving form data 6 Apache, IIS, Tomcat Explorer, Firefox https://developer.mozilla.org/en- US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data The Hypertext Transfer Protocol

7. Related Technologies cont.. CSS – Cascading Style Sheets - define formatting properties such as font size, font family, font weight, paragraph indentation XSL – eXtensible Stylesheet Language 7

8. Related Technologies cont.. XLinks -XLinks enable any element to become a link <PLAY xlink:type=”simple” xmlns:xlink=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink” xlink:href= “http://cafeconleche.org/examples/shakespeare/tempest.xml”> The Tempest by Shakespeare XPointers - XPointers allow links to point not just to a particular document at a particular location,but to a particular part of a particular document 8

9. Why Are Developers Excited About XML? Domain-specific markup languages - XML enables individual professions (for example, music, chemistry, human resources) to develop their own domain- specific markup languages Self-describing data Interchange of data among applications - Java,ERP(PeopleSoft, SAP,etc…), AJAX – Asynchronous JavaScript and XML Use for pdf file http://www.dynamicpdf.com/Products/DynamicPDFforJava /Examples.csp http://www.dynamicpdf.com/Products/DynamicPDFforJava /Examples.csp Structured data 9

10. Self-describing data Judson McDaniel 21 Feb 1834 9 Dec 1905 10

11. http://www.w3schools.com/xml/ http://it-ebooks.info/book/2004/ http://www.cafeconleche.org/books/bible/ https://developer.mozilla.org/en- US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data https://developer.mozilla.org/en- US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data http://www.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/java/j6d_xml.html 11