1. Homeostasis Anatomy and Physiology Unit 5 Sophie Bevan

2. Evaluate the importance of homeostasis in maintaining the healthy functioning of the body (D2)

3. When homeostasis doesn’t work.. Glucose: diabetes/type 1/type 2 Temperature: hypo/hyperthermia/pyrexia in children (fever) Breathing Rate: asthma/altitude/Orndines’ curse Heart Rate: tachycardia/bradycardia

4. What happens when homeostatic mechanisms for temperature go wrong? Temperature: hypo/hyperthermia/pyrexia in children (fever)

5. Hyperthermia Increased temperature above normal value Heat Stroke Heat Exhaustion Pyrexia: ‘a physiological response to illness, due to an increase in the set point of temperature in the hypothalamic regulatory centre’

8. Pyrexia Fever Usually caused by an infection or disease Disease affects thermoreceptors in the hypothalamus, raising the set point Patient feels cold, curls up, looks pale due to vasoconstriction intense shivering (rigors) When the set point has been met, the heat loss mechanisms begin Once infection subsides, set point is reset

9. Hypothermia Decreased temperature above normal value In Babies Large surface area to volume ratio Temperature change effects them rapidly Unable to control temperature through conscious efforts themselves – carers have to closely monitor this

10. Hypothermia Alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypothermia via its action as a vasodilator. It increases blood flow to the body's skin and extremities, making a person feel warm, while increasing heat loss. Between 33 and 73% of cases of hypothermia are complicated by alcohol What does hypothermia do to your body?