2. Volcanoes By: Sarah Roll, Taylor Dunn, and Jordan Sochia

3. Facts There are 186 active volcanoes in the USA, which includes Hawaii and Alaska. Volcanoes are also found on Mars, Venus, and other distant planets. Ash and pumice from Mt. Vesuvius covered tonws people and covered like concrete around there bodies. Volcanoes can be active for hundreds of million years. A volcano can be active, dormant, and extinct. Kilauea is the most active volcano. It has been erupting since 1983. The silica amount determines if the eruption is quiet or not. Mt. St. Helens pyroclastic flow could inccinerate anything in its path. When Mt. Vesuvius erupted in Poimpii, Rome, over 2,00 people died. Ash can block the sun if enough gets into the atsmosphere.

4. Explorer What is a volcano? A volcano is a weak spot in Earths crust where magma erupts. What makes up a volcano? A volcano is made up of a magma chamber where the magma is stored, a vent where the magma comes up, a crater where the the magma erupts and a lava flow where the lave come down the volcano. How is a volcano created? A volcano is created when heat escapes toward the surface. The heat melts rock and the rise upward. When the hot rock or magma reaches the surface an explosion happens. The ash and lava flow form the cone shaped volcano.

5. Investigator What causes an eruption? Buoyancy and gas pressure. Pressure builds up and finally makes the volcano erupt. What are impacts and hazards? Houses, buildings, fields and roads are covered in ash and lava flows. Pyroclastic flows are very dangerous when inhaled or swallowed, and are made of hot gas and ash, traveling at about 100-200 kmph. How can we predict when an eruption will occur, and what are the warning signs? Earthquakes under a sleeping or dormant volcano suggest that it is or will become active. Also, a volcano “burping” ash, smoke, and other materials might mean “beware”.

6. Detective What are hot spots? Hot spots are fixed places in the mantle or oceanic lithosphere where magma generates. What else do you find around a volcano other than a volcano? You find ash and rocks. The land there is also very fertile. What are the different types of volcanoes? The different volcanoes are the shield volcano, the composite volcano, and a cinder cone volcano.

7. The End