1. Campaigns and Elections Erickson

2. Campaigns Origins of the term- “Campaign” Campaigns have become increasingly expensive Differences between a Presidential and Congressional campaign ▫$$$$ ▫Presidential candidates tend to be more moderate in the general election- Why? ▫Range of people ▫Higher profile- more media attention to Presidential campaigns

3. Organizing a Campaign Campaign manager Fund raiser Campaign counsel Hire media and campaign consultants- PR Campaign staff Research staff Hire a pollster Press secretary Capital- office space, web site, social media, etc

4. Campaigns- The 4 T’s Tone- Positive/Negative? Attack ads, mudslinging http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/

5. 4 T’s continued Theme- Overarching idea/belief of the campaign Obama, W. Bush, Clinton, H.W. Bush, Reagan, Carter Examples: http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/ http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/

6. 4 T’s Cont. Timing- At what point is the candidate going to spend his/her resources on advertisements and commercials? Examples: Barack Obama 2008, Ron Paul 2012, Howard Dean 2004 Frontrunners

7. 4 T’s Cont. Target- A campaign needs to identify particular demographic groups that could ultimately lead to their victory. Democrats: young, African-Americans, Hispanics (immigration), non-religious, homosexuals Republicans- religious right, single issues voters, Hispanics (single issue), taxpayers

8. Campaign Financing Where does this money come from? Individuals, PACS (Political Action Committees), political parties http://www.opensecrets.org/news/2011/02/ca mpaign-contribution-limits-increa.htmlhttp://www.opensecrets.org/news/2011/02/ca mpaign-contribution-limits-increa.html

9. Campaign Finance Laws Federal Election Campaign Act 1974- Created Federal Election Commission (FEC), public financing for Presidential primaries and general, outlawed direct financing from corporations, unions, and I.G.’s (They must form PACs to contribute)

10. Campaign Laws cont. Bipartisan Campaign Finance Reform Act 2001- AKA McCain/Feingold Bill- Doubled individual contributions (1G to 2G’s), banned soft money contributions Citizens United v FEC (2010)- HUGE case for election law. Corporations, unions and IG’s can now spend unlimited amounts of $ on television and radio attack ads.

11. Campaign Coverage Convention coverage in a stead decline Horse Race v. Policy

12. Elections Nomination- Primaries, caucuses, self announcement, petition Primary Elections- Elections held within a party to determine candidates for general elections What is frontloading? Page 284- disproportionate- Why? http://articles.cnn.com/2011-09- 28/politics/florida.primary_1_traditional -early-states-caucuses-rnc- rules?_s=PM:POLITICShttp://articles.cnn.com/2011-09- 28/politics/florida.primary_1_traditional -early-states-caucuses-rnc- rules?_s=PM:POLITICS

13. Primaries cont. Open v Closed? Pros and cons Blanket primaries- Dem. Party v Jones 2000 Runoff Primaries- Lousiana How is running in a primary election different from running in a general election? How could this be an advantage for Obama 2012?