1. Mad Scientists’ Club Sunset Ridge Elementary School 2015

2. What do scientists do?

3. What do scientists look like?

4. How do scientists think?

6. Mysterious M&M’s The mad scientist investigates…

7. Swimming M&M’s

8. Racing M&M’s

9. M&M’s Collide!

10. Hot and Cold M&M’s

11. Back to the Races!

12. COLOR!!!COLOR!!! The mad scientist investigates…

13. Color Mixing Wheel You may have noticed that the colors you put on the Color Mixing Wheel were the three primary colors: red, blue, and yellow. Once you started spinning the wheel, what did you notice about each of the three color circles on the cardboard disc? What do you think makes this happen?

14. Color Symphony Milk is mostly water but it also contains vitamins, minerals, proteins, and tiny droplets of fat suspended in solution. Fats and proteins are sensitive to changes in the surrounding solution (the milk). The secret of the bursting colors is the chemistry of that tiny drop of soap. Dish soap, because of its bipolar characteristics (nonpolar on one end and polar on the other), weakens the chemical bonds that hold the proteins and fats in solution. The soap's polar, or hydrophilic (water-loving), end dissolves in water, and its hydrophobic (water-fearing) end attaches to a fat globule in the milk. This is when the fun begins. The molecules of fat bend, roll, twist, and contort in all directions as the soap molecules race around to join up with the fat molecules. During all of this fat molecule gymnastics, the food coloring molecules are bumped and shoved everywhere, providing an easy way to observe all the invisible activity. As the soap becomes evenly mixed with the milk, the action slows down and eventually stops.

15. Sharpie Science This is really a lesson in the concepts of solubility, color mixing, and the movement of molecules. The Sharpie markers contain permanent ink, which will not wash away with water. Permanent ink is hydrophobic, meaning it is not soluble in water. However, the molecules of ink are soluble in another solvent called rubbing alcohol. This solvent carries the different colors of ink with it as it spreads in a circular pattern from the center of the shirt.

16. Color Changing Beads The UV Beads contain different pigments that change color when exposed to ultraviolet light from any source, including the sun. The beads are all white in visible light. In UV light, depending on the pigment added to each bead, you will see different colors. Each bead will change color about 50,000 times before the pigment will no longer respond to UV light.

17. Explosions! The mad scientist investigates…

18. Soap Soufflé This effect is actually a demonstration of Charles' Law. Charles' Law states that as the temperature of a gas increases, so does its volume. When the soap is heated, the molecules of air in the soap move quickly, causing them to move far away from each other. This causes the soap to puff up and expand to an enormous size. Other brands of soap without whipped air tend to heat up and melt in the microwave.

19. Dancing Raisins!

20. Exploding Toothpaste!

21. AIR The mad scientist investigates…

22. Windbag Wonders The bag quickly inflates because air from the atmosphere is drawn into the bag from the sides next to the stream of air from your lungs. In 1738, a scientist named Daniel Bernoulli observed that a stream of fast moving air is surrounded by an area of low atmospheric pressure. In fact, the faster the stream of air moves, the lower the air pressure drops around it. When you blow into the bag, you create an area of low pressure inside the bag and higher pressure air around you in the atmosphere rushes into the bag to equalize things. In other words, air in the atmosphere is drawn into the bag at the same time you are blowing into it.

23. Come Back Can To understand how the comeback can works, you have to understand energy. Energy comes in many forms. One form of energy is motion, called kinetic energy. Another form is stored, or potential energy. The comeback can uses both forms. When you push the can, you give it kinetic energy and it moves away from you. The hex nut holds one length of rubber band still while the rolling can causes the other rubber band to twist around it. The can rolls until the rubber band is completely twisted. This is when kinetic energy becomes potential energy - the can is not moving, but it has the ability to do so. As the rubber band unwinds, the potential energy again becomes kinetic energy and the can rolls back to you.

24. What do scientists look like?