1. a Subcommittee of the Advanced Technology Committee of the Western HVAC Performance Alliance ℠ Subcommittee Meeting 9:30am – 12:30pm (PT) May 31, 2011 Call-in: 712/432-0075 742911# Weblink: http://uc-d.na4.acrobat.com/wcec/

2. Agenda 9:30Roll Call, Membership, Action Items 9:35Updates: Title 24 SCE Testing ASHRAE TC7.5 Standard DOE/CBEA CEE ENERGY STAR ASHRAE 90.1 10:30Strategic Plan Roadmap 11:00HVAC Maintenance Study Followup (In-Field FDD) 11:30Demo of ClimaCheck 12:30Adjourn

3. Committee Members Abdullah Ahmed, Sempra Anthony Hernandez, SCE Brent Eubanks, Taylor Eng. Chris Scruton, CEC Dale Rossi, FDSI Dale Gustavson, BBI Derek Johnson, Pacific Controls Dick Lord, Carrier Jerine Ahmed, SCE Jonathan Douglas, Lennox KC Spivey, PG&E Kristin Heinemeier, WCEC Mark Cherniack, NBI Matt Tyler, PECI Mike Brambley, PNNL Nathan Taylor, Sempra Sean Gouw, SCE Sherry Hu, PG&E Vance Payne, NIST Glenn Hourahan, ACCA Warren Lupson, AHRI 3

4. www.performancealliance.org

5. Action Items  Kristin to send out link to documents when they’re available.  Kristin to send out documentation of calculations.  Matt to make sure that savings from each fault are provided.  Kristin and Mark to figure out pre-emption issues  Mark will send a blurb to Randall to ask him to check with Bill P at CEC about pre-emption.  Vance to send information to Sean about multiplier work.  Kristin to send out JA6.  Kristin to send ASHRAE meeting dates to Jerine.  Kristin to send out Doodle Poll.

6. Proposal for Incorporating FDD in 2013 T24 IOUs (via CASE HMG/PECI) and PIER (via NBI/WCEC) are working together to develop a proposed new requirement. Informal Workshops held in April and December 2010 Roundtable on FDD held in July 2010 Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in December 2010 Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in January 2011 PIER Report Draft in February 2011 Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in March 2011 PIER Critical Project Review March 2011 Workshop April 8, 2011 Pre-Rulemaking Workshop April 27, 2011 Language submitted: http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2013standards/prerulemaking/documents/2011-04- 27_workshop/review/2013_CASE_NR7_HVAC_Controls_and_Economizing_2011_04_20.pdf Formal “45 day language” workshops in Apr-Jul 2011 Adoption March 1, 2012 Effective January 1, 2014 6

7. HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5: FDD Currently a compliance credit in the performance calculation method Not required by Title 24 Credit toward complying with energy budget Transition to a prescriptive requirement Not required by Title 24 Sets the basis of performance standard 4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes7

8. HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 SECTION 144 – PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR SPACE CONDITIONING SYSTEMS 144 (m) Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) for Packaged Direct-Expansion Units. All packaged direct-expansion units with mechanical cooling capacity at ARI conditions greater than or equal to 72,000 Btu/hr shall include a Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) system in accordance with NA9 – Fault Detection and Diagnostics. 4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes8

9. HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 Nonresidential Appendix NA9 – 2013 Appendix NA9 – Fault Detection and Diagnostics NA9.1 System Requirements The following sensors should be permanently installed to monitor system operation and the controller should have the capability of displaying the value of each parameter: Refrigerant Pressure: Suction Line, Liquid Line Refrigerant Temperature: Suction Line, Liquid Line Air Relative Humidity: Outside Air, Supply Air Air Temperature: Outside Air, Supply Air, Return Air 4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes9

10. HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 NA9.1 – System Requirements The controller shall provide system status by indicating the following conditions: Compressor Enabled Free Cooling Available Economizer Enabled Heating Enabled Mixed Air Low Limit Cycle Active The unit controller shall manually initiate each operating mode so that the operation of compressors, economizers, fans, and heating system can be independently tested and verified. Faults shall be reported to a fault management application accessible by day-to-day operating or service personnel, or annunciated locally on zone thermostats. A performance indicator shall be provided, which will allow tracking of efficiency. The FDD System used shall be certified by the CEC and verified to be installed correctly. 4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes10

11. HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 NA9.2 – Faults to be Detected The FDD system shall detect the following faults: Air Temperature Sensor Failure/Fault Low Refrigerant Charge Economizing When it Should/Shouldn’t Damper Not Modulating Excess Outdoor Air 4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes11

12. HVAC Controls & Economizing Summary of FDD Products Currently available fault detection by OEMs (matches NA9.2 Faults to be Detected) Air temperature sensor failure/fault Low refrigerant charge Not economizing when it should Damper not modulating Excess outdoor air Currently available products by third parties ClimaCheck by ClimaCheck, Inc. FDSI Synergy by Field Diagnostics, Inc. Sensus MI, developed by Univ. Nebraska 4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes12

13. HVAC Controls & Economizing Summary of FDD Products Third party products currently in development SMDS by PNNL Low cost SMDS by PNNL Low cost NILM by MIT Virtjoule by Virtjoule, Inc. 4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes13

14. HVAC Controls & Economizing Cost Effectiveness 4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 14 ● LCCA for 6-ton RTU ● Installed cost for OEM solution is much less than $1600 - this is cost of third party solution w/much longer fault list ● Maintenance $ at 50% of expected for conservative estimate ● 75% probability of detecting faults with FDD

15. Acceptance Requirements FDD system installed by HVAC system manufacturer with factory calibration and documented testing Attach documentation and complete certification statement Verify that points are mapped correctly within the system No other functional testing required FDD system field tested Functional testing per below… 15

16. SCE Testing

17. ASHRAE TC 7.5 Standard

18. The proposed Standard provides a Method of Test for testing the sensitivity of Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD), tools to varying levels of faults on a particular RTU model. The tests defined will be simple physical tests, such as identifying at what point faults are generated with different levels of charge, with a coil blocked off to varying degree, with physical obstruction of the economizer damper, or with a physical restriction in a refrigerant line of varying severity, or with some combination of these faults. A matrix of conditions and faults will have to be developed, which will allow for a balance between significance and feasibility. This proposed Standard would include elements such as: Metrics for performance Definition of faults Methods of Test Methods of inducing faults and measuring performance have already been developed and implemented by various researchers looking into the performance of FDD methods. These methods will be compiled and added to, providing the basis for the Method of Test. It is not expected that additional research will be needed to provide these Methods of Test, while a validation project would probably be required before finalizing the standard.

19. DOE/CBEA 19

20. Consortium for Energy Efficiency-CEE Significant interest. Need to prove that it saves energy, persistently. Methods of estimating savings are of interest. Behavior, and its impact on “probabilities” are of interest. Next steps: Present at a special meeting of Evaluation and Behavior committees. Possibly some sort of presentation at a future CEE meeting.

21. EnergyStar Requirements Most Efficient Models Proposal: Residential Central AC and Furnaces “communicate digitally with an appropriate thermostat or other control, with the ability to send commissioning information, such as model number, and diagnostic information.” Comments: very few meet efficiency requirements and none meet FDD requirements

22. ENERGY STAR Requirements (Residential) Furnaces, Central AC, air source heat pumps and ground source heat pumps must have communications, diagnostic and automated configuration capability as defined below. System Controller: A thermostat or other control device with a user interface, which can be located in conditioned space. It is strongly recommended, but not required, that the controller have access to outside temperature data and that it translate all diagnostic and service messages into plain text. Communications: Units shall be able to participate in two way communications with at least one system controller model that is available for sale. Diagnostics: Units shall be able to transmit any fault codes which indicate a need for technician service to at least one system controller model that is available for sale. With this information, the control device is able to advise homeowners to call their service personnel. Automated configuration: Units shall be able to send and receive information at least one system controller model that is available for sale to automatically configure settings appropriate to the controlled equipment, such as airflow for heating and cooling. This may include prompting an installer through configuration of HVAC system settings and desired comfort settings, and a test sequence at turn-on.

23. ASHRAE 90.1 Any action at upcoming meeting?

24. Roadmap Implementation Plan and Timeline StrategiesNon-CPUC Partners Near Term 2009 - 2011 Mid Term 2012 - 2015 Long Term 2016 - 2020 4-5: Develop nationwide standards and/or guidelines for onboard diagnostic functionality and specifications for designated sensor mount locations. Manufacturers Utilities Trade Associations AHRI ASHRAE Establish an industry-wide task force to develop national standard diagnostic protocol Begin implementation Incorporate into HVAC industry and utility program Incorporate diagnostic standards into equipment code. Ongoing 4-6: Prioritize in- field diagnostic and maintenance approaches based on the anticipated size of savings, cost of repairs, and the frequency of faults occurring. Manufacturers Utilities Trade Associations AHRI ASHRAE Benchmark existing diagnostic, repair and maintenance protocols and develop appropriate products. Commercialize onboard diagnostic systems Incorporate mandatory onboard diagnostic systems in California building codes 24

25. Action Plan for AFDD MilestoneChampionsKey ActionsTimeline 4-5-1 Establish an industry- wide task force to develop national standard diagnostic protocols Create diagnostics subcommittee within WHPAComplete Develop national technology standards (eg, a standard evaluator or method of test, metrics for assessment of performance, standard definition of faults, thresholds for different tiers of fault levels) through ASHRAE, Energy Star, CEE, AHRI. Propose changes to California energy code (T24) Propose changes to national energy codes (eg, ASHRAE Standard 90.1, 189.1, and reach codes). 4-5-2 Begin implementation Carry out a Challenge for development of advanced FDD technologies. Develop advanced FDD technologies (eg, FDD embedded on thermostat, annunciation on thermostat, methods for AC units without microprocessor control; inverter, microchannel, different refrigerants, multiple stages). 4-5-3 Incorporate into HVAC industry and utility programs Develop case studies of success stories and conduct independent field testing. Conduct market research (eg, deployment models, customer awareness, behavior, change management, cost/benefits, frequency of faults, non-energy benefits). 25

26. California and National Codes and Standards StrategyKey ActionChampionsTimeline 4-5-1 Establish an industry- wide task force to develop national standard diagnostic protocols Create diagnostics subcommittee within WHPAComplete Develop national technology standards (eg, a standard evaluator or method of test, metrics for assessment of performance, standard definition of faults, thresholds for different tiers of fault levels) through ASHRAE, Energy Star, CEE, AHRI. Propose changes to California energy code (T24) Propose changes to national energy codes (eg, ASHRAE Standard 90.1, 189.1, and reach codes). 26

27. Technology and Product Development 27 StrategyKey ActionChampionsTimeline 4-5-2 Begin implementation Carry out a Challenge for development of advanced FDD technologies. Develop advanced FDD technologies (eg, FDD embedded on thermostat, annunciation on thermostat, methods for AC units without microprocessor control; inverter, microchannel, different refrigerants, multiple stages).

28. Market Research 28 StrategyKey ActionChampionsTimeline 4-5-3 Incorporate into HVAC industry and utility programs Develop case studies of success stories and conduct independent field testing. Conduct market research (eg, deployment models, customer awareness, behavior, change management, cost/benefits, frequency of faults, non-energy benefits).

29. 29 GapsApproaches to Overcome Tool Availability3 rd Party Tools licensable or acquirable; OEMs have some capabilities Perception of CostAnalysis shows it is cost effective Faults May Not be Addressed Research: Understanding Maintenance Behavior Standards Need to be National Reach out to ASHRAE 90.1, 189, 32; DOE/CBEA No Method of TestSCE Method of Test, ASHRAE Std. Method of Test, DOE Method of Test? Data on IncidenceNeed a research study No Defined Levels for Detection Develop levels: ASHRAE Std.

30. HVAC Energy Efficiency Maintenance Study Followup (In-Field FDD) Brett Close, SCE http://www.performancealliance.org/LinkClick.aspx?file ticket=MbiriQDqsfA%3d&tabid=212&mid=700

31. Demo of ClimaCheck Kläs Bergloff, ClimaCheck

32. Adjourn Next Steps Review Action Items Next Meeting in 6 weeks: Week of July 11

33. Thank you! Mark Cherniack markc@newbuildings.org Kristin Heinemeier kheinemeier@ucdavis.edu Jerine Ahmed jerine.ahmed@sce.com Anthony Hernandez anthony.hernandez@sce.com KC Spivey kcs7@pge.com 33