1. Chapter 11 World War 2

2. Germany Begins Conquests 1936 – Hitler takes over Rhineland French govt. and League of Nations take NO ACTION

3. Germany Begins Conquests 1938 – Hitler invades Austria

4. Germany Begins Conquests Next Hitler wanted the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia The Czechs didn’t want to give this area to Germany – nor did France and Russia

5. Munich Conference Britain, France, Italy, and Germany attended: Problem: Germany (Hitler) violating T.O.V. by taking over territory Agreement: Hitler gains Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia if agrees to stop expansion there. Appeasement: policy of giving concessions in exchange for peace.

6. Reactions to Munich Neville Chamberlain: the British Prime Minister who came up with the agreement, said that he had achieved “peace in our time” Winston Churchill: the future Prime Minister, said: “Britain and France had to choose between war and shame. They chose shame. They will get war, too.”

7. Hitler Violates Munich Agreement After gaining the Sudetenland, Hitler takes over the rest of Czechoslovakia

8. Appeasement Fails Next, Hitler demands control over territory in Poland Shows British and French that appeasement had failed Britain and France agree to fight Germany if Poland is invaded

9. Appeasement Fails Hitler doesn’t want to fight a two-front war (w/ France and Soviet Union) Solution: Hitler signed a Non-Aggression Pact with Stalin and the Soviet Union (agree to not make war on each other)

10. World War 2 Begins September 1, 1939- Germany invades Poland Uses strategy of Blitzkrieg (lightening war) Large numbers of tanks to break through and rapidly encircle the enemy France & Britain declare war on Germany- WWII officially begins

11. Early Axis Triumphs April 1940- After taking over Poland, Hitler launched a series of blitzkrieg in the west. First, Norway and Denmark both fell. Then the Netherlands and Belgium.

12. World War II in 1939/1942

13. France Falls June 22, 1940-France signs the Franco- German armistice Divided France into two zones: France- under German military occupation Vichy France- under “French” puppet govt.

14. Fall of France

15. The Battle Of Britain (Aug 10- October 31, 1940)  Britain’s RAF (Royal Air Force) vs. Germany’s Luftwaffe (Air force)  Completely fought in the air- to control English channel  Massive bombings to London and Berlin  Britain wins

16. American Neutrality 1. Isolationism U.S. policy to avoid international affairs/conflicts that might lead to war FDR doesn’t fully support 2. Neutrality Act of 1935 U.S. companies can’t sell arms or goods to any country at war 3. Neutrality Act of 1937 “Cash and carry” policy- –U.S. can sell non-military goods to countries at war if pay cash and transported the goods themselves. 4. Neutrality Act of 1939 Allows nations at war to buy weapons on a cash and carry basis only

17. American Neutrality 5. Destroyers for Bases Deal (Sept. 1940) Roosevelt gave Churchill old US Navy Destroyers in exchange for the right to build military bases on British-owned land in Caribbean 6. Lend-Lease Act (December 1940) England could no longer pay cash for weapons U.S. lend $ and weapons to countries vital to it’s defense

19. American Neutrality 5. Destroyers for Bases Deal (Sept. 1940) Roosevelt gave Churchill old US Navy Destroyers in exchange for the right to build military bases on British-owned land in Caribbean 6. Lend-Lease Act (December 1940) England could no longer pay cash for weapons U.S. lend $ and weapons to countries vital to it’s defense 7. Atlantic Charter (August 1941) FDR and Churchill met to develop a plan for postwar world Key ideas: no territorial gains for any country, self- determination, promotion of trade, freedom of the seas, arms reduction, economic advancement

21. Election of 1940 FDR re-elected First and only President to be elected 3x Lost some support because some Americans feared his policies would draw U.S. into war

22. Tension with the Japanese 1. America Embargoes Japan (July 1940) July 1940-FDR begins restricting the sale of oil to Japan –Goal: stop Japanese aggression in Asia (Manchuria) Japan signs Tripartite Pact -alliance w/Germany and Italy US offers to lift oil embargo if Japan leaves Indochina November 26, 1941-Japan sent warships to Hawaii November 27, 1941-American commanders get warning of possible attacks- Pearl Harbor not listed

23. 2. Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941) Ships were unable to escape to open water became sitting ducks 7:40am-First wave of attacks begins 8:40am-Second wave of attacks begins Attack sank or damaged: 8 battleships, 3 cruisers 4 destroyers 6 other vessels 188 air planes 2, 403 Americans died and 1,178 injured 3. US and Axis Powers Declare War December 8, 1941-FDR asked Congress to declare war on Japan December 11, 1941-Germany and Italy declared war on the US