1. Western Expansion & Conflict TEXAS HISTORY CHAPTER 16

2. 1. War Begins In 1845, many Mexicans were unhappy about the annexation of Texas by the United States.

3. 2. War Begins The root cause of the war was that Mexico and the U.S. could not agree on the Texas-Mexico border. The U.S. claimed the border between Texas and Mexico was the Rio Grande River.

4. 3. Compromise of 1850 The goal of the U.S. Compromise of 1850 was to resolve the border conflict and the issue of slavery in Texas and New Mexico.

5. 4. U.S.- Mexican War The war was sparked by the President’s decision to send General Zachary Taylor and thousands of soldiers to Texas to protect the new state from attack.

6. 5. U.S.-Mexican War The Battle of Palo Alto took place in what is now Texas. General Scott planned to win the war by capturing Veracruz and marching inland to Mexico City. Most U.S. soldiers died of disease, rather than in battle.

7. 6. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the U.S.-Mexican War. The war ended with the boundary dispute being settled. The Rio Grande became the official border.

8. 7. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Terms of the Treaty included: Mexico recognized Texas as part of the U.S. Mexico gave up all claim to territory between Nueces and Rio Grande Rivers Mexico ceded 529,000 square miles of territory

9. 8. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo The territory ceded by Mexico to the United States after the war was called the Mexican Cession.

10. 9. Results of U.S.-Mexican War Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Compromise of 1850 Population growth into Texas

11. 10. Texas Population Grows The African American population of Texas grew enormously in the 1850s because many farmers from the U.S. were moving to Texas with their slaves.

12. 11. Texas Rangers Form The federal government paid the Texas Rangers to guard the Texas frontier. Texas Rangers had an advantage in frontier warfare when the Colt six-shooter gun was introduced.

13. 12. Texas Rangers Form Some famous Texas Rangers were John “Rip” Ford, John Coffee Hays, and Ben McCulloch.

14. 13. Indians and Reservations The reservation policy of the U.S. include that the federal government would manage the reservations, but Texas would maintain ownership of the land. The Apaches refused to move to the reservations.

15. Study for Your Test!