1. Outline Integrated Management System Legal Basis of Waste Management
Garbage Record Book
Garbage Management Plan
Garbage Placard
Designated Person In Charge
Legal Basis of Waste Management
MARPOL 73/78
New Amendments to MARPOL Annex V - Discharge Requirements
Procedures on-board Ship in Managing the Waste
Shipboard Procedure and Equipment for Processing Garbage
Classification of Ship Waste
Garbage bin colour coded
Solid Waste
Oily Water Separator
Sewage Treatment Plant

2. Integrated Management System
Managing waste can be challenging for shipping industry especially on board a ship. Organisations must deal with a wide variety of materials, large volumes of waste, and behaviours of many crew on board.
Garbage from ships can be just as deadly to marine life as oil or chemicals The greatest danger comes from plastic, which can float for years.
IWM planning enables organisations to create a comprehensive strategy that can remain flexible in light of changing economic, social, material and environmental conditions
Waste management on board a ship is largely regulated by legislation and policy implemented at the international level.
The equipment, human resources, and budgetary requirements of the plan must all be considered in the design process as well as how the plan will be implemented, monitored and reviewed.
IWM has approach to managing waste by combining and applying a range of suitable techniques, technologies and management programs to achieve specific objectives and goals
The existing of MARPOL help to covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes.

3. The existence of the Garbage Record Book manages the ship waste.
Garbage Record Book exist in accordance with Regulation 9 of annex V of the MARPOL 73/78
The existence of the Garbage Record Book manages the ship waste.
A record is to be kept of each discharge operation or completed incineration. This includes discharges at sea, to reception facilities.
Each completed page of the Garbage Record Book shall be signed by Master of the ship.
The entries in the Garbage Record Book shall be in English, French or Spanish as well as the language of the crew if it is other than one of these languages.

4. Entries in Garbage Record Book
When garbage is discharge into the sea
Date and time of discharge.
Position of the ship (latitude and longitude).
Note for cargo residue discharges, include discharge start and stop positions.
Category of garbage discharged.
Estimated amount discharged for each category in m3.
Signature of the officer in charge of the operation.
When garbage is discharge to reception facilities ashore
Port or facility , or name of ship

5. When garbage is incinerated :
Date and time of start and stop of incineration
Position of the ship ( latitude and longitude )
Estimated amount incinerated in m3
Signature of the officer in charge of the operation.
Accidental or other exceptional discharges of garbage
Time of occurrence
Port or position of the ship at time of occurrence
Estimated amount and category of garbage
Circumstances of disposal, escape or loss, the reason therefore and
General remarks

6. Garbage Record Book Receipt
The Master should obtain from the operator of port reception facilities, a receipt or certificate specifying the estimated amount of garbage transferred.
The receipts or certificates must be kept on board the ship with the Garbage Record Book.
Amount of garbage
The amount of garbage on board should be estimated in m3 and if possible separately according to category. The Garbage Record Book contains many references to estimated amount of garbage.
Volume estimates will differ before and after processing. Some processing procedures may not allow for usable estimate of volume, e.g. the continuous processing of food waste.
Such factors should be taken into consideration when making and interpreting entries made in a record.
This record book contains material from Annex V of MARPOL 73/78, which was produced by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
This copyright material is reproduced with the kind permission of the International Maritime Organisation.

7. Garbage Management Plan
Garbage Management Plan has been developed in accordance with the requirements of Regulation 10 of the Revised MARPOL Annex V
GM Plan is to provide guidance to the Master and crew on the procedures for collecting, storing, processing and disposing of garbage, including the use of the equipment on board
Garbage management plan has to contain a list of the particular ship’s equipment and arrangements for the handling of garbage
Ship-specific garbage minimization procedures should be included in the Garbage Management Plan.

8. Garbage Placard

9. Designated Person In Charge
As required in MARPOL Regulation 9 (2), a designated person onboard shall be in charge of carrying out the Garbage Management plan. Such a decision by a Company will be determined by the ship type and trade

10. Legal Basis of Waste Management
Marpol 73/78 is the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships. It was designed to minimize pollution of the seas, including dumping, oil and exhaust pollution. Its stated object is to preserve the marine environment through the complete elimination of pollution by oil and other harmful substances and the minimization of accidental discharge of such substances.
Annex I Regulation for the Prevention of pollution by Oil
Annex II Regulation for the Control of Pollution by Noxious
Liquid Substances in Bulk
Annex III Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by
Harm full Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Form
Annex IV Regulation for the Prevention of pollution by Sewage
from ships
Annex V Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by Garbage
from Ships
Annex VI Regulation for the Prevention of Air pollution from
Ships

11. New Amendments to MARPOL Annex V - Discharge Requirements
Effective from 1st January 2013, the discharge provisions of the revised MARPOL Annex V(resolution MEPC.201 (62)) will enter into force. Generally, discharge is restricted to food wastes, identified cargo residues, animal carcasses, identified cleaning agents and additives and cargo residues entrained in wash water which are harmless to the marine environment thus require provisions of garbage management for ships.
The new amendments prohibit the disposal of almost all kinds of garbage at sea with the exemption under specific requirements of food waste, animal carcasses, cargo residues contained in wash water and environmental friendly cleaning agents. As a result of these regulations more and more ships will dispose their ship-generated waste to reception facilities ashore. Refer to IMO RESOLUTION MEPC.219 (63) – Annex 24, and MEPC 61/24 – Annex 11.

12. Simplified overview of the discharge provisions of the revised
MARPOL Annex V (resolution MEPC.201(62) which enter into force on
1 January 2013

13. Procedures on-board Ship in Managing the Waste
Permission must be obtained from the Officer of the watch before any garbage is disposed of over the side. Number of bags, type of garbage and approximate weight must be given to the OOW who will grant permission or refuse it.
If permission is given, the OOW will enter all details in Garbage Disposal Log as appropriate. If practicable, a visual sighting of such disposal should be made to ensure validity of original request.
The bridge must be informed when the incinerator is in use and what type of garbage is being burnt. Record in log book.
Garbage should be carefully segregated and prohibited items such as plastics etc. burnt in the incinerator. To assist with this, special bins are placed in the following locations : Bridge, pantries, CCR, Galley, Deck store, Engine room store and Engine room workshop.
All plastics and other prohibited items should be placed in these bins which must not be used for other items.
Plastics and other prohibited items collected from the accommodation, Engine room and deck should be placed in garbage room

14. Shipboard Procedure and Equipment for Processing Garbage
1.Collecting and Storing
Garbage collected from various areas throughout the ship should be delivered to designated processing or storage locations. Garbage that must be returned to port for disposal may require long-term storage depending on the length of the voyage or availability of port reception facilities. Garbage should be stored in a manner which avoids health and safety hazards. Separate cans, drums, boxes, bags or other containers should be used for short-term (disposable garbage) and throughout the voyage (non-disposable garbage) storage.
2. Processing
Depending on factors such as the type of ship, area of operation, and size of crew, ships may be equipped with incinerators, compactors, comminuters or other devices for shipboard garbage processing. Appropriate members of the crew should be assigned for operating this equipment on a schedule commensurate with ship needs.
Use of such processing equipment makes it possible to discharge certain garbage at sea which otherwise would not be permitted, reducing shipboard space for storing garbage, making it easier to off-load garbage in ports.
3. Training
Training should be provided for all crew members who are involved in operating the garbage processing equipment, and handling and disposing of garbage as part of their operational responsibilities. Such a program should be reviewed annually and should define what constitutes garbage and the applicable regulations for handling and disposal. Material for training could include posters, brochures, photographs and video tapes

15. Ship Compactor
Most garbage can be compacted; the exceptions include unground plastics, fiber and paper board, bulky cargo containers should not be compacted since they present an explosion hazard
Compaction can reduce the volume of garbage into bags, boxes, or briquettes
Compactors make garbage easier to store, to transfer to port reception facilities and to dispose of at sea when discharge limitations permit
A compactor should be installed in a compartment with adequate room for operating and maintaining the unit and storing trash to be processed. The compartment should be located adjacent to the areas of food processing and commissary store-rooms

16. Grinding or Comminution
The discharge of comminuted food wastes may be permitted under MARPOL Annex V whilst the ship is en route. Such comminuted or ground food waste must be capable of passing through a screen with openings no greater than 25 mm
Grinding or Comminution
Outside special areas, ships operating primarily beyond 3nm from the nearest land are encouraged to install and use comminuters to grind food wastes to a particle size capable of passing through a screen with openings no larger than 25 mm
Although unprocessed food wastes may be discharged beyond 12 nm, it is recommended that comminuters be used as they hasten assimilation into the marine environment.
Food wastes comminuted with plastics cannot be discharged into the sea, all plastic materials need to be removed before food wastes are placed into a comminuter or grinder

17. Marine incinerators are predominantly designed for intermittent operation, hand fired and fed by hand. The ash or vapor may be hazardous
Incinerators
The incineration operations should comply with the provisions of MARPOL Annex V (Prevention of Pollution by garbage) and Annex VI (Prevention of air pollution from ships)
The incinerator is not to be used in port or within 3 miles of land and any items requiring incineration should be stored onboard until the vessel is more than 3 miles from the nearest land when incineration may take place. Incinerator ashes should be retained onboard and discharged at port reception facilities
When garbage is incinerated, the date & time of commencement and completion, the geographical position, the type of garbage and estimated quantity to be recoded in the Garbage Record Book

18. Incineration of following items is prohibited in all incinerators:
Annex I, II and III cargo residues and related contaminated packing materials. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Garbage containing more than traces of heavy metals
Refined petroleum products containing halogen compounds (Products containing elements like Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine.)
Batteries
Aerosol cans
Shipboard incineration of Polyvinyl chlorides (PVCs) shall be prohibited.
Incinerators

19. Disposal outside of Special Areas
NOTE: If garbage is mixed then the most stringent rules should apply
When determining distance from ‘Nearest land’ in conjunction with the table above, note that Australia has declared nearest land to include Torres and all of the Great Barrier Reef.

20. Disposal within a Special Area
Special Areas
Regulation 1 of MARPOL Annex V states that a ‘Special Area’ means a sea area where for recognised technical reasons in relation to it’s oceanographically and ecological condition and to the particular character of its traffic the adoption of special mandatory methods for the prevention of sea pollution by garbage is required. Special areas are listed and defined in Regulation 5 of MARPOL Annex
The Mediterranean Sea area
The Baltic Sea Area
The Black Sea Area
The Red Sea Area
The Arabian Gulf Area
The North Sea area including the English Channel
The Antarctic
The Caribbean Area, including the Gulf of Mexico

21. Shipboard Handling and disposal of garbage

22. Classification of Ship Waste
All garbage should be segregated into categories so that they can be disposed off correctly, these should segregate into different bins for storage and disposal.
Crew members should be advised of what garbage should and should not be discarded in them.
Ratings should be assigned for collecting or emptying these receptacles and taking the garbage to the appropriate processing or storage location.
Receptacles for each category should be clearly marked and distinguished by color, graphics, shape, size or location. These receptacles should be provided in appropriate spaces throughout the ship.

23. Oily Water Separator

24. Oily Water Separator
To minimize the oily content in bilge water, which can be discharged from the ship, MARPOL has a regulation under ANNEX I which limits the oil content in the bilge water that vessel can legitimately discharge into the sea. It is now a requirement for all vessels to have an oil discharge monitoring and control system along with an oil filtering equipment known as the Oily Water Separator (OWS).
As the name indicates, the function of oily water separator is to separate maximum amount of oil particles from the water to be discharged overboard from engine room or cargo hold bilges, oil tanks and oil contaminated spaces. As per the regulation, the oil content in the water processed from the OWS must be less then 15 parts per million of oil.

25. Oily Water Separators
The Master, Chief Engineer and senior officers in the engine department should:
Instruct users of OWS equipment and verify the standard achieved
Verify that maintenance schedules are being followed
Ensure that audits include operational tests and a reconciliation of records
Ensure that scheduled tank sounding logs are maintained and signed for
Keep records of verification of correct operation through testing at sea
Ensure that on board spares are adequate to meet the demand
Create a culture where complacency in operation and maintenance standards is unacceptable.
Ensure that ship familiarisation procedures verify that company environmental policy and operability of equipment are understood and followed
Require the status of pollution prevention equipment to be recorded in the handover notes of the responsible engineer and the Chief Engineer
Record the independent verification of the correct operation of the oil discharge monitoring equipment
Raise awareness of the need for an open chain of command and accurate record keeping that can be substantiated with Port State Control.

26. Sewage Treatment Plant

27. Sewage Treatment Plant
The sewage generated on the ship cannot be stored on the ship for a very long time and it for this reason it has to be discharged into the sea.
Though sewage can be discharged into the sea, we cannot discharge it directly overboard as there are some regulations regarding discharging of sewage that needs to be followed. Sewage on sea is generally the waste produced from toilets, urinals and WC scuppers. The rules say that the sewage can be discharged into the sea water only after it is treated and the distance of the ship is 4 nautical miles from the nearest land. But if the sewage is not treated this can be discharged 12 nautical miles away from the nearest land. Also the discharged sewage should not produce any visible floating solids nor should it cause any discoloration of surrounding water.
Generally, ships prefer treating sewage before discharging to save themselves from any type of embarrassment. There are different methods of treating sewage available in the market, but the most common of them is the biological type for it occupies less space for holding tank, unlike those of the other methods. Moreover, the discharge generated from this plant is eco friendly. It is to not that each sewage treatment system installed onboard has to be certified by classification society and should perform as per their requirement and regulations.