1. Advancements in Dentistry Jim Barrett, D.M.D., M.S. May, 2012

2. 2900 B.C. Egyptians drill holes in teeth and jawbones to drain infections 500 B.C. Hippocrates uses wire to fasten loose teeth together 1816 A.D. First amalgam filling (silver coin & mercury) in France 1907 Novocain introduced 1929 Penicillin introduced 1945 Fluoridated drinking water 1957 High speed air turbine handpiece 1979 Dental implant (modern design) 1980 Jim Barrett, DMD graduates from dental school Progression of Dentistry Through the Ages

3. Advances in Dentistry Digital radiography Cone beam computer tomography Lasers Improved dental implants Update on current topics and questions

4. Dental Radiography Digital radiography

5. What are Digital X-rays? x-ray source – sensor – computer – image on screen ADVANTAGES  Immediate image  No waiting  High quality  Image manipulation and enhancement  Fewer pictures needed  Archived imaged  Reduction in radiation used

6. Digital Radiography

7. Quiz Question #1 One out of every ____ babies is born with at least one tooth present. A. 2,000 B. 5,000 C. 50,000 D. 100,000

8. Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) o Uses CAT-scan technology reduced for dental use o Creates 3-D image o Contained in dental office or “image center” USES: o TMJ dysfunction o Diseases of the jaw o Dental implant therapy o Orthodontic treatment planning

9. Advantages: o X-ray beam limitation o Image accuracy/manipulation o Very high resolution and/or magnification o Rapid scan time o Overall dose reduction o Reduces image “artifact” o Reduces error rate in diagnosis o Earlier detection of pathology This new technology impacts how procedures are coded and reimbursed.

10. Quiz Question #2 How much dental floss is produced annually in the US (in miles)? a) Almost half a million b) Almost one million c) Almost three million d) Almost five million

11. Lasers o Promised to make dental drill obsolete o Are they effective treating hard tissue? Today, lasers are most frequently used to treat: o Incomplete decay removal o Reshape gingival and remove bacteria o Teeth whitening – speed up bleaching solutions o Can be used to “bond” or “cure” resin restorations

12. Lasers Pros: (compared to “drill”) o may cause less pain o less anesthesia needed o minimizes bleeding and swelling in soft tissue o preserves more healthy tissue Cons: o anesthesia still required o can’t be used on teeth with existing fillings o can’t be used on interproximal decay or to crown a tooth o can’t shape filling or adjust bite o usually used in conjunction with drill o higher cost of treatment o insurance may not cover increased cost due to laser

13. Future of Laser? o Periodontics o Oral surgery – soft tissue issues o Endodontics o With technical improvement, may be used for posterior and anterior decay

14. Quiz Question #3 Why did prehistoric children almost never have decayed teeth? a) They flossed frequently b) They did not consume sugars c) Brushed after every meal and at bedtime d) Were eaten by saber tooth tigers before they could develop decay

15. Dental Implants Definition – An implant is an artificial “root” device usually made of titanium and used to support a tooth or group of teeth. Today all implants are endosseous implants and most are osseous-integrated Early implant types were blade endossous or subperiosteal/implants

16. Dental Implants Who does dental implant procedures? What steps are involved? o Implant placement and abutment o Healing phase o Restoration placement

17. Advantages of Implants o Improved appearance o Improved speech o Improved comfort o Easier eating o Improved self-esteem o Durability o Convenience

18. Dental Implants o Success rate o Who is a candidate for dental implants?

19. Implant

21. Quiz Question #4 What % of your tooth surface are you missing if you do not floss? a) 15% b) 22% c) 35% d) 40%

22. Update on Dental Topics o Oral-systemic connection o Drugs and medicines o Mercury debate (resins/nanoceramics) o Dental radiation and tumor risk

23. Quiz Question #5 Who has the most teeth? a) Dogs b) Cats c) Human d)All have the same number

24. Bonus Question Name two types of cheese that have been found to protect teeth from decay? a) Muenster and Gouda b) Swiss and Cheddar c) Mozzarella and Havarti d)Parmesan and Romano

25. (A)One out of every 2,000 babies is born with at least one tooth present. (A)How much dental floss is produced annually? 3 million miles (C)Why did prehistoric children almost never have decayed teeth? They did not consume sugars. (C)What % of your tooth surfaces are you missing if you do not floss? 35% (A)Who has the most teeth? Dogs – 42 teeth (B)Bonus – Name two cheeses that protect teeth from decay? Munster and gouda Quiz Answers

26. Thanks!