1. HOW TO RUIN YOUR LIFE THIS SUMMER

2. GROUND RULES FOR THIS DISCUSSION  Today we begin our discussion about Health, Sexuality, and Responsibility.  What “Norms” should we adopt for this discussion? Respect Confidentiality* Vegas Rule One voice at a time If you have a question write it down – everyone will turn in a … (post-it or index card) anonymously No names or change the names Other ?

3. CONFIDENTIALITY  I promise to keep the discussion that occurs in this class, or a private discussion that we have after class, confidential except … If you tell me you are going to hurt yourself If you tell me you are going to hurt someone else If you tell me about past or present physical, sexual or emotional abuse or neglect A report of sexual activity with a person under the age of 14 A report that a minor is having sexual activity with a person with an age difference of 4 or more years

4. 1. GET ADDICTED TO SOMETHING  Tobacco  Alcohol  Drugs Name Three

5. 1. GET ADDICTED TO SOMETHING  TOBACCO Each day 3,200 people younger than 18 smoke their first cigarette 2,100 will become daily smokers 6.7% of middle school students use tobacco products daily Products include cigarettes, cigars, hookahs, snus, smokeless tobacco, pipes, bidis, keteks, dissolvable tobacco, and e- cigarettes http://www.cdc.gov/Tobacco/

6.  TOBACCO Continued 2 out of 100 MS students and 9 of every 100 HS students reported cigarette use in the past 30 days (2015) E-cigarettes and hookah use is on the rise, 5 of 100 MS and 16 of 100 reported e-use in the past 30 days (2015) WHAT DOES TOBACCO DO TO YOU? Tobacco is the single greatest cause of preventable death globally. 45 known carcinogens in tobacco smoke Smokers lose almost 14 years of life compared to a non- smoker http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/youth_data/tobacco_ use/index.htm

8.  FACTORS THAT LEAD TO SMOKING Peer Pressure Societal Pressure Boredom Depression Availability Look more mature Excitement of Experimenting

9.  Alcohol 28% of 8 th graders have had at least one drink and 68% of HS Seniors have had at least one drink (10% and 39% in the last month) 4,300 deaths per year in people under 21 due to alcohol (driving, homicides, suicides, alcohol poisoning, falls and drowning) 189,000 emergency room visits due to alcohol in people under 21 Young people drink less often, but drink more on a single occasion (binge drinking – 4 or more drinks in a day) 11% of all alcohol is consumed by 12 – 20 yr olds Excessive alcohol use leads to 88,000 deaths a year and shortens the lives of those who die by an average of 30 years http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/special-populations-co-occurring- disorders/underage-drinking

10.  ALCOHOL Continued Increase risk for physical and sexual assault  WHAT DOES ALCOHOL DO TO YOU? Brain Immediate Effects – slows down processing centers, disrupts coordination, nullifies decision making areas Long Term – memory problems, changes in brain development Heart – Long Term – Irregular heart beat, Stroke, High Blood Pressure Liver – Processes the poison (Alcohol) into forms that can leave the body safely, too much can cause problems and inflammations

11.  WHAT DOES ALCOHOL DO? Cont. Cancer of the Mouth, Esophagus, Throat, Liver, Breast Binge Drinking lowers your body’s ability to fight infections for up to 24 hours

12.  WHY DO TEENAGERS DRINK? Other People – AKA Peer Pressure Popular Media Escape, self-medication Boredom Rebellion Instant Gratification Lack of Confidence Misinformation

14.  Drugs A drug is any legal or illegal substance that can alter a persons mental or physical state Average age of first marijuana use is 14

15.  Drugs cont.

17. DRUG RELATED DEATHS  From 2000 – 2014 there were 500,000 drug related deaths  2014 had 1.5x more drug overdose deaths in the U.S. than automobile deaths  61% of 2014 drug overdoses were from opioids like pain medications (oxycodone and hydrocodone saw a 3x increase from 2000 to 2014), and heroin (a 3x increase in deaths in the last 4 years) http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6450a3.htm?s_cid=mm6450a3_w

18. DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS

19. DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS 2014 DATA  Prescription Drugs - 26,000 Opioid Pain Relievers - 19,000 Benzodiazepines (tranquilizers) – 7,000  Heroin – 11,000  Cocaine – 5,000 https://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/trends-statistics/overdose-death-rates

20.  Top reasons given by teens for using drugs: To gain acceptance Increase self-esteem Curiosity Boredom Self-medication (Stress or illness) Parental use Availability To get attention http://www.drugtestcentral.com/blog/post/Top-10-Reasons-Why-Teens-Use- Drugs.aspx

21.  Other Addictions Gambling Food Video Gaming Smartphones/Internet Pornography Work Shopping

22. 2. MAKE A MISTAKE YOU CAN’T TAKE BACK  Suggestions?

23.  Have a baby From 1991 – 2014 US teen pregnancy declined 61% from 61.8 to 24.2 births per 1,000 teens Texas has the 3 rd highest teenage pregnancy rate in the US 82% of teen pregnancies are unplanned 1 in 7 women will have a child by the age of 20. http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/about/index.htm http://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/adolescent-health-topics/reproductive-health/teen- pregnancy/#

24. per 1,000

25.  This is not just a Female Problem 80% of teen fathers do not help rear their children directly Absent fathers contribute less than $800 a year in child support Teenage Pregnancies cost the US $7 Billion annually Over 50% of Teenage mothers drop out of high school (vs 11% of females that do not have a child before the age of 22) https://www.dosomething.org/facts/11-facts-about-teen-pregnancy https://www.dosomething.org/facts/11-facts-about-teen-dads

26. WHAT IS SEX ANYWAY?  Sex, or Sexual activity, is a consensual act between unimpaired adults  Consent – Permission Consent No Consent = Sexual Assault or Rape  Adult – In Texas, the Age of Consent is 17 This means you are not able to legally provide consent to sexual activity until the age of 17 If one partner is over 17 and the other is under 17, than the older party has committed and can be charged with Statutory Rape If both partners are under 17 the laws are vague, but as a standard rule if there is a 3 year difference in age the older party has committed and can be charged with Statutory Rape  Impairment – Any person under the influence of drugs or alcohol is unable to legally provide consent; you must be conscious to provide consent  3 commonly recognized varieties – vaginal intercourse (genital to genital), oral sex (mouth to genital), and anal sex (genital to anus)  Fondling is digital manipulation of erogenous or pleasure zones and is considered legally as sexual activity

27.  Babies are conceived through vaginal intercourse; a male sperm is ejaculated from the penis into the vagina of a female and travels through the cervix, through the uterus and into a fallopian tube where it can fertilize a female egg

28.  Teenage Vaginal Intercourse rates: 8% of 14 year olds and 16% of 15 year olds have had vaginal intercourse A majority of teenagers (50%+) have had sex by 18 years of age (17 and 7 months) Even protected Vaginal Intercourse (using contraceptives (pill, condoms, etc.)) can lead to unwanted/unplanned pregnancies. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3639466/

29.  The take away from this is that NOT everybody is doing IT! Don’t listen to anyone that says otherwise.  Sexual Activity can also give you a …

30. STI  Sexually Transmitted Infection HIV/AIDS Syphilis Chlamydia Gonorrhea Pubic Lice

31. THE FINAL, FINAL TAKE AWAY  The only 100% effective way to prevent pregnancies and/or STIs is to remain abstinent, which means to refrain from any sexual activities with another person

32.  Reasons provided by teens for having sex Developing intimacy with a partner Pleasure Social Status Boredom Drugs/Alcohol http://www.webmd.com/parenting/news/20060614/why-do- young-teens-have-sex

33.  Dating advice Take your time Less than 50% of teens have been on a date at age 13 Find someone who likes you back Common interest/activity/sport Know when to move on Golden Rule It is not better to be in a bad relationship Talk about online behavior before sharing Posting pictures, sharing items, sexting Protect yourself from pressure Decide before you meet what your comfort level is and stick to it Date someone your own age

34.  Do something illegal and get caught

35.  Incarceration Cont. In custody stats: 70% “had something very bad or terrifying” happen 67% saw someone severely injured or killed 22% attempted suicide 84% used marijuana (compare to 30% in general public) 30% used crack/cocaine (vs. 6% in GP) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youth_incarceration_in_the_United_States

36.  Risk factors of serious/persistent offenders: Disaffected from school (36%) Drug user (52%) Hangs out in Public place (80%) Delinquent friends (64%) Poor/No parental supervision (47%) http://www.acs.edu.au/info/psychology/child-development/crime-risk.aspx

37.  Suicide 2 nd highest cause of death in teenagers (behind unintentional injuries) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvs r65/nvsr65_02.pdf 2013

38. SUICIDE 67% of completed suicides used a firearm 90% mortality rate when using a firearm The ratio of attempts of suicide to completed suicide in teens is 50:1 24% of students in 9 – 12 grade stated “they seriously considered attempting suicide” in the previous 12 months

39.  Suicide The take away is that it crosses a lot of people’s minds (24% “seriously consider” it) Not a lot of people are successful, unless you use a firearm Ingestion of pills is the most common method of adolescent attempt http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/105/4/871.full

40.  Suicidal Thoughts – What to do Ask for help from an adult Family member Family Friend/Neighbor Your Doctor (You have the right to speak to your doctor alone) Call a hotline National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 1-800-273-TALK (8255)

41.  Factors for Attempting Suicide Psychological disorder (depression, bipolar disorder, alcohol and/or drug abuse) Feeling of distress, hopelessness, or worthlessness Family history of depression or suicide Emotional, physical, sexual abuse Lack of a support network Dealing with sexual identity 15% of teen suicide attempts are tied to a relationship ending (friend or dating)

42.  Last Few Things to Keep in Mind Puberty – process by which your body develops and transitions from a child to a sexually reproductive adult Puberty Happens at different rates for EVERYONE Girls 11 – 15 Boys 12 - 16

43.  Most common Question during Puberty Is …Normal?

44.  Most common Question during Puberty Is …Normal? Healthy? “Normal” produces a false dichotomy, where if it isn’t “normal” it must be abnormal Health vs Unhealthy is a better way of thinking about what is happening to your body during puberty, with dating, and in life in general.

45. GOOD THINGS TO DO THIS SUMMER  Go bowling  Swim  Read a book  Have fun  Play a board game  Visit family  Exercise  Sleep  Enjoy summer school  Create an experiment  Build something  Learn to ride a unicycle  Go outside  Take up birding