1. How does this make you feel? What would you do in reaction? Do you think the Catholic Church has the power and authority to do this?

2. Catholic Reformation c. 1530s

3. Catholic Reformation Was the response by the Catholic Church to the rise of Protestantism –Attempt to bring Catholic Church back to focus on spiritual matters –Also tried to stop Protestantism from spreading

4. Council of Trent 1545-1563 Meeting of Catholic Church leaders in Italian city named Trent The Council influenced the policies which became the official Church doctrines

5. Council of Trent 1545-1563 The goal of the Council was to improve the discipline and administration of the Church by: –Ending the sale of indulgences –Stopping the inappropriate behavior of clergy

6. The Council supported most of the ideals that the Protestants rejected Think for a minute- Jot down THREE ideas the Protestants rejected Talk to your neighbor about what you wrote down

7. The ideas included: The need for ceremonies Reliance on priests Salvation came from: –Ceremonial church actions –Individual faith –Good works Every person had free will

9. Council of Trent In order to rid Catholicism of any worldly material, the Council created a list called the Index Librorum Prohibitorum The Forbidden Books List contained books that were considered harmful to Catholic beliefs Why do you think they could not simply burn the books? Pope Paul IV

10. What authors have you studied this year that might have been on that list? John Calvin Martin Luther Niccolo Machiavelli Erasmus

11. Banned Books Week Reasons for Books to be Banned: Children questioning authority of parents and other authority figures Profanity Characters speaking in non-Standard English African American literature and dialect Portrayals of women (Some groups object to portrayals of women in traditional roles and others to portrayals of women in nontraditional roles.) Books that do not promote patriotism Abundance of cartoons Nontraditional family units Works unfavorable to African Americans Use of masculine pronouns to refer to male and female From: Jenkinson, Edward B. “Protecting Holden Caulfield and His Friends from the Censors.” English Journal 74.1 (1985): 26–33.

12. Some Modern Books on the Banned Books List Black Beauty - Anna Sewell Call of the Wild - Jack London Civil Disobedience - Henry David Thoreau For Whom the Bell Tolls - Ernest Hemingway The Lorax - Dr. Seuss Uncle Tom’s Cabin - Harriet Beecher Stowe

13. Inquisition In Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella –Punished Spanish citizens who refused to convert to Catholicism In Italy it was adapted by the Catholic Church, not the government – Catholics who considered leaving the faith for Protestantism were targeted by Inquisition The Inquisition wanted to stop the spread of worldly information

14. Galileo before the Roman Inquisition

15. Jesuits Also known as the Society of Jesus Ignatius de Loyola (founder) - pleased the Pope because Jesuits took vows of –Chastity –Poverty –Obedience to the Pope The strictly organized Jesuits were dedicated to Catholicism and made effective Catholic missionaries Jesuits stressed the importance of being educated AND following Catholicism

16. Ignatius Loyola, founder, Society of Jesus

17. Lasting Effects of Catholic Reformation Importance of education –Jesuits started many colleges in Europe –Printing press made it necessary to be literate Multitude of religious denominations seen today Banned Books Week

18. On a separate piece of paper: 1 fact about Catholic Reformation 1 fact about the Inquisition 1 fact about the banning of books 1 question you have or something you don’t understand