1. The Counter-Reformation World History - Libertyville HS

2. Three Areas of Reform Doctrine – a set of accepted beliefs of the Catholic faith Reforms of the Popes New religious order established

3. Doctrinal Changes Council of Trent (1545) – Bishops, cardinals reviewed Catholic doctrine – Rejected any compromise with Protestant reformers – Decisions of Council of Trent Church interpretation of Bible is final Need faith AND good works for salvation (traditional interp.) Bible and Church traditions are of equal authority Indulgences are ok BUT selling false ones are banned Seminaries were established, to educate and train new priests

4. Reform Minded Popes Paul III (r. 1534-1549) – Limited indulgences – Approved Jesuit order Paul IV (r. 1555-1559) – “Index of Forbidden Books” – burned books that were considered “dangerous” to Catholics Mostly made up of protestant texts – Re-constituted Inquisition as anti-Protestant tool

5. Religious Order: Jesuits “Society of Jesus” Founder = Ignatius of Loyola (Spanish – 1491- 1556) – Founded Society in 1522 – Wrote Spiritual Exercise: day by day plan of meditation, prayer, study – Very popular amongst regular Catholics 1540 – Pope made Jesuits an official religious order

6. Jesuit Order Three primary activities – Founded schools in Europe to educate Catholics Jesuit-educated children of rulers = loyal Catholic future ruler Schools taught commoners, too – Missionary work around world, converting non-Catholics – Stopping the spread of Protestantism in Europe (“Soldiers of Christ”)

7. Successes of Jesuits Rigorously trained and educated members became confessors, teachers to monarchs and princes Were examples to the rest of the Catholic world as the best of the Catholic Church Helped stop the spread of Protestantism in Germany, Poland, Hungary, France Missionary work in New World, Asia converted millions (today, very Catholic areas)

8. Activity Research and answer the handout questions. Construct either a political cartoon or comic strip about the Counter Reformation. Due at the end of class.