1. Health Careers Dental, Diagnostic, Emergency, and Health Information Services

2. Dental Careers Dentist Dentist Dental Hygienist Dental Hygienist Dental Laboratory Technician Dental Laboratory Technician Dental Assistant Dental Assistant

3. Places of Employment for Dental Careers Private dental offices, dental laboratories, dental clinics Private dental offices, dental laboratories, dental clinics Dental departments in hospitals, schools, health departments, or government agencies Dental departments in hospitals, schools, health departments, or government agencies

4. Specialty Areas Endodontics: treatment of diseases of the pulp, nerves, blood vessels, and roots of the teeth; often called root canal treatment Endodontics: treatment of diseases of the pulp, nerves, blood vessels, and roots of the teeth; often called root canal treatment Orthodontics: alignment or straightening of the teeth Orthodontics: alignment or straightening of the teeth Oral Surgery: surgery on the teeth, mouth, or jaw Oral Surgery: surgery on the teeth, mouth, or jaw Pedodontics: dental treatment of children and adolescents Pedodontics: dental treatment of children and adolescents Periodontics: treatment and prevention of diseases of the gums, bone, and structures supporting the teeth Periodontics: treatment and prevention of diseases of the gums, bone, and structures supporting the teeth Prosthodontics: replacement of natural teeth with artifical teeth or dentures Prosthodontics: replacement of natural teeth with artifical teeth or dentures

5. Dentist (DMDs or DDSs) Doctors who examine teeth and mouth tissues to diagnose and treat disease and abnormalities Doctors who examine teeth and mouth tissues to diagnose and treat disease and abnormalities Perform surgery on the teeth, gums, and tissues Perform surgery on the teeth, gums, and tissues Work to prevent dental disease Work to prevent dental disease Supervise the work of other dental workers Supervise the work of other dental workers Most are entrepreneurs Most are entrepreneurs

6. Dental Hygienists (DHs) Work under the supervision of dentists Work under the supervision of dentists Perform preliminary examinations of the teeth and mouth Perform preliminary examinations of the teeth and mouth Remove stains and deposits from teeth Remove stains and deposits from teeth Expose and develop X-rays Expose and develop X-rays Perform preventive or therapeutic (treatment) services to help the patient develop and maintain good dental health Perform preventive or therapeutic (treatment) services to help the patient develop and maintain good dental health In some states they are authorized to place and carve restorative materials, polish restorations, remove sutures, and/or administer anesthesia In some states they are authorized to place and carve restorative materials, polish restorations, remove sutures, and/or administer anesthesia Can be entrepreneurs Can be entrepreneurs

7. Dental Laboratory Technicians (DLTs) Make and repair a variety of dental prostheses (artificial devices) such as dentures, crowns, bridges, and orthodontic appliances Make and repair a variety of dental prostheses (artificial devices) such as dentures, crowns, bridges, and orthodontic appliances Work under written orders from a dentist Work under written orders from a dentist Specialties include dental ceramist and orthodontic technician Specialties include dental ceramist and orthodontic technician Some are entrepreneurs Some are entrepreneurs

8. Dental Assistants (DA) and Certified Dental Assistant (CDA) Work under the supervision of dentists Work under the supervision of dentists Prepare patients for examinations Prepare patients for examinations Pass instruments Pass instruments Prepare dental materials Prepare dental materials Take and develop X-rays Take and develop X-rays Teach preventive dental care Teach preventive dental care Sterilize instruments Sterilize instruments Perform dental receptionist duties such as scheduling appointments and handling accounts Perform dental receptionist duties such as scheduling appointments and handling accounts Duties may be limited by the dental practice laws of the state in which they work Duties may be limited by the dental practice laws of the state in which they work

9. Diagnostic Services Electrocardiograph (ECG) technicians Electrocardiograph (ECG) technicians Cardiovascular technologists Cardiovascular technologists Electroencephalographic (EEG) technologists Electroencephalographic (EEG) technologists Electroneurodiagnostic technologists Electroneurodiagnostic technologists Medical Laboratory Technologists Medical Laboratory Technologists Medical (clinical) laboratory technicians (MLT) Medical (clinical) laboratory technicians (MLT) Medical (clinical) laboratory assistants Medical (clinical) laboratory assistants Phlebotomist Phlebotomist Radiologic Technologist Radiologic Technologist Epidemiologist Epidemiologist Biological or medical scientists Biological or medical scientists Biomedical Engineers Biomedical Engineers Biomedical equipment technicians (BETs) Biomedical equipment technicians (BETs)

10. Diagnostic Services Perform tests or evaluations that aid in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, or other physical conditions Perform tests or evaluations that aid in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, or other physical conditions

11. Electrocardiograph Technician Operates electrocardiograph machines, which record electrical impulses that originate in the heart Operates electrocardiograph machines, which record electrical impulses that originate in the heart Prepares the electrocardiogram for physicians (especially cardiologists), who use it to help diagnose heart disease and to note changes in the condition of a patient’s heart Prepares the electrocardiogram for physicians (especially cardiologists), who use it to help diagnose heart disease and to note changes in the condition of a patient’s heart May perform stress tests, which record the action of the heart during physical activity May perform stress tests, which record the action of the heart during physical activity Applies Holster monitorings, which are ECGs lasting 24-48 hours Applies Holster monitorings, which are ECGs lasting 24-48 hours

12. Cardiovascular technologist Assists with cardiac catheterization procedures and angioplasty (a procedure to remove blockages in blood vessels) Assists with cardiac catheterization procedures and angioplasty (a procedure to remove blockages in blood vessels) Monitors patients during open-heart surgery and the implantation of pacemakers Monitors patients during open-heart surgery and the implantation of pacemakers Performs tests to check circulation in blood vessels Performs tests to check circulation in blood vessels Some specialize in using ultrasound (high- frequency sound waves) to diagnose heart conditions and are called echocardiographers Some specialize in using ultrasound (high- frequency sound waves) to diagnose heart conditions and are called echocardiographers

13. Electroencephalographic Technologist Operates an instrument called an electroencephalograph, which records the electrical activity of the brain Operates an instrument called an electroencephalograph, which records the electrical activity of the brain Prepares the electroencephalogram for physicians, especially neurologists, who diagnose and evaluate diseases and disorders of the brain, such as brain tumors, strokes, toxic/metabolic disorders, epilepsy, and sleep disorders Prepares the electroencephalogram for physicians, especially neurologists, who diagnose and evaluate diseases and disorders of the brain, such as brain tumors, strokes, toxic/metabolic disorders, epilepsy, and sleep disorders

14. Electroneurodiagnostic Technologist Performs EEGs Performs EEGs Performs nerve conduction tests Performs nerve conduction tests Measures sensory and physical responses to specific stimuli Measures sensory and physical responses to specific stimuli Operates other monitoring devices to evaluate the function of the nervous system and spinal cord Operates other monitoring devices to evaluate the function of the nervous system and spinal cord Evaluates sleep disorders by recording the electrical activity of the brain, heart, and respiratory rates to create a polysomnogram (called polysomnographic technologists) Evaluates sleep disorders by recording the electrical activity of the brain, heart, and respiratory rates to create a polysomnogram (called polysomnographic technologists)

15. Medical Laboratory Technologists (MTs) Work under the supervision of doctors called pathologists Work under the supervision of doctors called pathologists Study tissues, fluids, and cells of the human body to help determine the presence and/or cause of disease Study tissues, fluids, and cells of the human body to help determine the presence and/or cause of disease Perform complicated chemical, microscopic, and automated analyzer/computer tests Perform complicated chemical, microscopic, and automated analyzer/computer tests

16. MT Specializations Biochemistry: chemical analysis of body fluids Biochemistry: chemical analysis of body fluids Blood bank technology: collection and preparation of blood and blood products for transfusions Blood bank technology: collection and preparation of blood and blood products for transfusions Cytotechnology: study of human body cells and cellular abnormalities Cytotechnology: study of human body cells and cellular abnormalities Hematology: study of blood cells Hematology: study of blood cells Histology: study of human body tissue Histology: study of human body tissue Microbiology: study of bacteria and other microorganisms Microbiology: study of bacteria and other microorganisms

17. Medical Laboratory Technicians (MLTs) Work under the supervision of medical technologists or pathologists Work under the supervision of medical technologists or pathologists Perform many of the routine tests that do not require the advanced knowledge held by a medical technologist Perform many of the routine tests that do not require the advanced knowledge held by a medical technologist Can specialize in a particular field or perform a variety of tests Can specialize in a particular field or perform a variety of tests

18. Medical Laboratory Assistants Work under the supervision of medical technologists, technicians, or pathologists Work under the supervision of medical technologists, technicians, or pathologists Perform basic laboratory tests Perform basic laboratory tests Prepare specimens for examination or testing Prepare specimens for examination or testing Perform other laboratory duties such as cleaning and maintaining equipment Perform other laboratory duties such as cleaning and maintaining equipment

19. Phlebotomists Venipuncture technicians Venipuncture technicians Collect blood and prepare it for testing Collect blood and prepare it for testing Perform blood tests under the supervision of medical technologists or pathologists in some states Perform blood tests under the supervision of medical technologists or pathologists in some states

20. Radiologic Technologists (RTs) Work under the supervision of doctors called radiologists Work under the supervision of doctors called radiologists Use X-rays, radiation, nuclear medicine, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance to diagnose and treat disease Use X-rays, radiation, nuclear medicine, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance to diagnose and treat disease Most techniques are non-invasive: examining or treating the internal organs of patients without entering the body Most techniques are non-invasive: examining or treating the internal organs of patients without entering the body

21. RT Specialties Radiographers: take X-rays of the body for diagnosis purposes Radiographers: take X-rays of the body for diagnosis purposes Radiation therapists: administer prescribed doses of radiation to treat disease (usually cancer) Radiation therapists: administer prescribed doses of radiation to treat disease (usually cancer) Nuclear medicine technologists: prepare radioactive substances for administration to patients. Once administered, these professionals use films, images on a screen, or body specimens such as blood or urine to determine how the radioactive substances pass through or localize in different pars of the body. Used by physicians to detect abnormalities or diagnose disease Nuclear medicine technologists: prepare radioactive substances for administration to patients. Once administered, these professionals use films, images on a screen, or body specimens such as blood or urine to determine how the radioactive substances pass through or localize in different pars of the body. Used by physicians to detect abnormalities or diagnose disease

22. RT Specialties continued Ultrasound technologists or sonographers: use equipment that sends high-frequency sound waves into the body. As the sound waves bounce from the body part an image is viewed on a screen. Used to examine fetuses, neurosonography (the brain), vascular (blood vessels and blood flow), and echocardiography (the heart) Ultrasound technologists or sonographers: use equipment that sends high-frequency sound waves into the body. As the sound waves bounce from the body part an image is viewed on a screen. Used to examine fetuses, neurosonography (the brain), vascular (blood vessels and blood flow), and echocardiography (the heart) Mammographer: uses a special mammography machine to produce images of the breast. Used to assist in the early detection and treatment of breast cancer Mammographer: uses a special mammography machine to produce images of the breast. Used to assist in the early detection and treatment of breast cancer

23. More RT Specialties Computer tomography technologists: use a special X-ray machine called a computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT) scanner to obtain cross-sectional images of body tissues, bones, and organs. Help locate tumors or other abnormalties Computer tomography technologists: use a special X-ray machine called a computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT) scanner to obtain cross-sectional images of body tissues, bones, and organs. Help locate tumors or other abnormalties Magnetic resonance (MRI) technologists: use superconductive magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of organs inside the body. Displayed on a video-screen Magnetic resonance (MRI) technologists: use superconductive magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of organs inside the body. Displayed on a video-screen

24. RT Specialties Positron emission tomography (PET) technologists: inject a slightly radioactive substance into the patient and then operate the PET scanner, which uses electrons to create a 3D image of body parts. Allows doctors to see an organ or bone from all sides, similar to a model Positron emission tomography (PET) technologists: inject a slightly radioactive substance into the patient and then operate the PET scanner, which uses electrons to create a 3D image of body parts. Allows doctors to see an organ or bone from all sides, similar to a model

25. Epidemiologists Identify and track diseases as they occur in a group of people Identify and track diseases as they occur in a group of people Determine risk factors hat make a disease more likely to occur Determine risk factors hat make a disease more likely to occur Evaluate situations that may cause occupational exposure to toxic substances Evaluate situations that may cause occupational exposure to toxic substances Develop methods to prevent or control the spread of new diseases Develop methods to prevent or control the spread of new diseases Evaluate statistics and data to help governments, health agencies, and communities deal with epidemics and other health issues Evaluate statistics and data to help governments, health agencies, and communities deal with epidemics and other health issues May specialize in areas May specialize in areas

26. Biological or Medical Scientists Study living organisms such as viruses, bacteria, and other infectious organisms Study living organisms such as viruses, bacteria, and other infectious organisms Assist in the development of vaccines, medicines, and treatments for diseases Assist in the development of vaccines, medicines, and treatments for diseases Evaluate the relationship between organisms and the environment Evaluate the relationship between organisms and the environment Administer programs for testing food and drugs Administer programs for testing food and drugs Some work on isolating and identifying genes associated with specific diseases or inherited traits and perform research to correct genetic defects Some work on isolating and identifying genes associated with specific diseases or inherited traits and perform research to correct genetic defects

27. Biomedical Engineers Develop devices that aid in the diagnosis and treatment of disease Develop devices that aid in the diagnosis and treatment of disease Research various metals and other materials to determine which can be used as implants or artificial organs Research various metals and other materials to determine which can be used as implants or artificial organs Develop artificial organs, such as hip, heart valves, and hearts Develop artificial organs, such as hip, heart valves, and hearts Design computer systems that can be used for diagnostic tests, such as computers used to analyze blood Design computer systems that can be used for diagnostic tests, such as computers used to analyze blood Design and produce monitors, X-ray imaging machines, surgical instruments, lasers, and other similar medical equipment Design and produce monitors, X-ray imaging machines, surgical instruments, lasers, and other similar medical equipment

28. Biomedical Equipment Techinicians (BETs) Work with the many different machines used to diagnose, treat, and monitor patients Work with the many different machines used to diagnose, treat, and monitor patients Install, test, service, and repair equipment Install, test, service, and repair equipment Maintain all medical equipment, constantly checking to make sure the equipment is operating correctly Maintain all medical equipment, constantly checking to make sure the equipment is operating correctly Teach other staff members how to use biomedical equipment Teach other staff members how to use biomedical equipment

29. Emergency Medical Services First responder First responder Emergency Medical Technician Ambulance/Basic Emergency Medical Technician Ambulance/Basic Emergency Medical Technician Intermediate Emergency Medical Technician Intermediate Emergency Medical Technician Paramedic Emergency Medical Technician Paramedic

30. Emergency Medical Services Provide emergency, prehospital care to victims of accidents, injuries or sudden illnesses Provide emergency, prehospital care to victims of accidents, injuries or sudden illnesses Emergency medical technician (EMT) training is required for most jobs Emergency medical technician (EMT) training is required for most jobs Some are entrepreneurs Some are entrepreneurs Sometimes serve as volunteers in fire and rescue departments Sometimes serve as volunteers in fire and rescue departments

31. First Responder First person to arrive First person to arrive Police officers, security guards, fire department personnel, and immediate family members Police officers, security guards, fire department personnel, and immediate family members Interview and examines the victim to identify the illness or cause of injury Interview and examines the victim to identify the illness or cause of injury Calls for emergency medical assistance Calls for emergency medical assistance Maintains safety and infection control at the scene Maintains safety and infection control at the scene Provides basic emergency medical care Provides basic emergency medical care Example CPR Example CPR

32. Emergency Medical Technicians Ambulance/Basic (EMT-B) Provide care for a wide range of illnesses and injuries Provide care for a wide range of illnesses and injuries Ensure that the scene is safe and practice infection control Ensure that the scene is safe and practice infection control Administer initial treatment for medical emergencies such as sudden illness, shock, burns, wounds, bleeding, and fractures Administer initial treatment for medical emergencies such as sudden illness, shock, burns, wounds, bleeding, and fractures Clear airway obstructions and administer oxygen Clear airway obstructions and administer oxygen Provide basic life support (BLS) Provide basic life support (BLS) Assist with emergency childbirth Assist with emergency childbirth Rescue trapped persons Rescue trapped persons Transport victims to medical facilities for advanced care Transport victims to medical facilities for advanced care

33. Emergency Medical Technicians Intermediate (EMT-I) Perform the same tasks as EMT-Bs Perform the same tasks as EMT-Bs Assess patients Assess patients Interpret electrocardiograms and administer defibrillation as needed Interpret electrocardiograms and administer defibrillation as needed Manage shock Manage shock Use intravenous equipment Use intravenous equipment Administer certain medications as allowed by law Administer certain medications as allowed by law Insert esophageal airways Insert esophageal airways

34. Emergency Medical Technicians Paramedic (EMT-P) Perform all of the basic EMT duties Perform all of the basic EMT duties Conduct in-depth patient assessment Conduct in-depth patient assessment Provide advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) Provide advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) Interpret ECGs Interpret ECGs Perform advanced airway management techniques, including endotracheal intubation Perform advanced airway management techniques, including endotracheal intubation Administer more advanced medications as permitted by law Administer more advanced medications as permitted by law Operate monitors and other complex equipment Operate monitors and other complex equipment

35. Health Information and Communication Services Medical Record Administrator Medical Record Administrator Medical Record Technician Medical Record Technician Medical Transcriptionist Medical Transcriptionist Unit Secretary (Ward Clerk) Unit Secretary (Ward Clerk) Medical Illustrator Medical Illustrator Medical Librarians Medical Librarians

36. Medical Records Administrator (RAs) Plan the systems for storing and obtaining information from records Plan the systems for storing and obtaining information from records Prepare information for legal actions and insurance claims Prepare information for legal actions and insurance claims Compile statistics for organizations and government agencies Compile statistics for organizations and government agencies Manage medical records departments Manage medical records departments Ensure the confidentiality of patient information Ensure the confidentiality of patient information Supervise and train other personnel Supervise and train other personnel Operate and use a variety of computer programs Operate and use a variety of computer programs

37. Medical Records Technicians Organize and code patient records Organize and code patient records Gather statistical or research data Gather statistical or research data Record information on patient records Record information on patient records Use computer programs to organize and maintain records Use computer programs to organize and maintain records Prepare reports for physicians and other health care professionals Prepare reports for physicians and other health care professionals File records correctly File records correctly

38. Medical Transcriptionists Use a word processor to enter data that have been dictated on an audiotape recorder by physicians or other health care professionals Use a word processor to enter data that have been dictated on an audiotape recorder by physicians or other health care professionals Prepare records of health care information such as physical examination reports, surgical reports, consultation findings, progress notes, and radiology reports Prepare records of health care information such as physical examination reports, surgical reports, consultation findings, progress notes, and radiology reports

39. Unit Secretary/Ward Clerk Record information on records Record information on records Schedule procedures or tests such as blood work or X-rays Schedule procedures or tests such as blood work or X-rays Order supplies, equipment, diets, and other things ordered for the patient by the physician Order supplies, equipment, diets, and other things ordered for the patient by the physician Answer telephones Answer telephones Operate computers to record or obtain information Operate computers to record or obtain information

40. Medical Illustrator Use their artistic and creative talents to produce illustrations, chars, graphs, and diagrams for health textbooks, journals, magazines, and exhibits Use their artistic and creative talents to produce illustrations, chars, graphs, and diagrams for health textbooks, journals, magazines, and exhibits Another related field is medical photographer who takes photos or records videotapes of surgical procedures, health education information, documentation of conditions before and after reconstructive surgery, and legal information such as injuries received in an accident Another related field is medical photographer who takes photos or records videotapes of surgical procedures, health education information, documentation of conditions before and after reconstructive surgery, and legal information such as injuries received in an accident

41. Medical Librarians Organize books, journals, and other print materials to provide health information to other health care professionals Organize books, journals, and other print materials to provide health information to other health care professionals Use the computer to create information centers for large health care facilities Use the computer to create information centers for large health care facilities Provide information to health care providers may specialize in researching information for large pharmaceutical companies, insurance agencies, lawyers, industry and/or government agencies Provide information to health care providers may specialize in researching information for large pharmaceutical companies, insurance agencies, lawyers, industry and/or government agencies