1. Planning Application Services Lesson 4

2. Deploying Application Servers Organizations supply their employees with computers so that they can get work done, and to accomplish this goal, the users need computer programs designed to aid them in the performance of specific tasks. These programs are also known as applications.

3. Deploying Application Servers Architecturally, applications in the enterprise can take several forms, but all of these forms typically involve a server in some fashion, as follows: – Client-run applications. – Client/Server applications. – Distributed applications.

4. Applications Running on a Client Computer

5. Applications Running on a Single Application Server

6. Client Computer Accessing Application Server, Which Retrieves information from a Database Server

7. Application Servers To plan for an efficient enterprise network, IT personnel must consider what applications the users will require, how many users will run each application, and what server resources those applications need to run properly. Conducting an inventory of the users’ needs enables the network designers to address basic design questions such as the following: – How many application servers do I need? – What hardware should the application servers contain? – Where should the application servers be located?

8. Application Server Roles Application Server Fax Server File Services Hyper-V Print Services Streaming Media Services Terminal Services Web Server (IIS)

9. Application Server Roles Windows Server 2008 computers can perform multiple roles at the same time.

10. Application Server Roles With that consideration in mind, you might think it is a good idea to purchase the most powerful computer you can find, one with sufficient hardware resources to run all of the server roles the enterprise needs.

11. Application Server Roles You should also consider: – Fault tolerance – Resource allocation – Availability – Scalability – Security – Network traffic – Update management

12. File Services Role Distributed File System File Server Resource Manager (FSRM) Services for Network File System Windows Search Services Windows Server 2003 File Services Share and Storage Management

13. Terminal Services Role Windows Server 2008 provides an alternative to individual workstation installations in the form of Terminal Services. Terminal Services is a technology that enables users working at another computer on the company network or on the Internet. It provides: – Single application installation. – Low bandwidth consumption. – Broad-based client support. – Conservation of licenses.

14. Hyper-V Role Virtualization is the process of deploying and maintaining multiple instances of an operating system, called virtual machines (VMs), on a single computer. Each virtual machine contains a completely separate copy of the operating system with its own virtual hardware resources, device drivers, and applications. To the network, each virtual machine looks like a separate computer with its own name and IP address. As a result, you are not combining the security risks of multiple roles in a single operating system instance. You update each instance of the operating system separately. Windows Server 2008 supports virtualization in the form of the Hyper-V role.

15. Hyper-V Role Virtualization provides the following advantages: – Server consolidation – Backups – Testing and education – Compatibility

16. Web Server (IIS) Role Originally, Web servers were designed to respond to requests for Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) files generated by client browsers. – These HTML files, when interpreted by the browser, display Web page content. Eventually, Web pages grew in complexity, incorporating images into their content, and then audio and video, and finally applications. Today, organizations use Web servers for a huge variety of applications, servicing clients on intranets, extranets, and the Internet.

17. Web Server (IIS) Role

19. The Web Server (IIS) role in Windows Server 2008 implements, as its core, Internet Information Services 7. IIS 7 provides the basic Web server functionality that enables you to publish a standard Web site on the Internet or on a private network. IIS 7 also includes a large number of optional role services that provide support for virtually any type of Web-based application deployment, as well as management, diagnostic, and security functions.

20. Role Services for the Web Server (IIS) Role

21. UDDI Services Originally designed to be the basis for a worldwide directory of Internet sites and services, it is now more common for large organizations to use Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) as an internal catalog of their available Web services. Clients on the company intranet or a protected extranet can use a Web interface to access the catalog and search for the services the company’s Web servers provide.

22. UDDI Services The UDDI Services role in Windows Server 2008 consists of the following role services: – UDDI Services Database — Provides a central storage location for the UDDI catalog and the service’s configuration settings. – UDDI Services Web Application — Implements a Web site with which users and applications can access the UDDI catalog to search for Web services on the network.

23. Print Services Role Includes: – Print Server – LPD Service – Internet Printing

24. Fax Server Role Sending and receiving faxes through the network can be an enormous convenience and Windows Server 2008 includes a Fax Server role that includes the Fax Service Manager application, which enables administrators to monitor fax devices, create fax rules and policies, and manage all of the faxes for the organization. The Fax Server role has no optional role services from which to choose. – It does require the installation of the Print Services role.

25. Streaming Media Services Role The Streaming Media Services role enables an application server to provide digital audio and video content to network clients in real time, using HTTP or the Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP). The clients run a media player application that processes the content as they receive it from the server.

26. Steaming Media Services Role When you install the role, you can choose from the following role services: – Windows Media Server — Enables the application server to stream media to clients on the network. – Web-based Administration — Provides a Web-based interface for managing media server functions. – Logging Agent — Enables the media server to maintain logs of statistics received from clients.

27. Deploying Applications When you install application service roles on a Windows Server 2008 computer, you are creating an appropriate server environment for running applications, but you still have to install the applications themselves. Installing applications with: – Group Policies. – System Center Tools.

28. Deploying Applications Using Group Policies Windows Server 2008 includes a basic Software Installation feature, incorporated into Group Policy, which you can use to automate application deployments to all or part of a network.

29. Deploying Applications Using Group Policies Limitations Cannot deploy software to Microsoft Windows Server operating systems. Lack scheduling and multicasting capabilities. By default, they apply to all users or computers in the domain.

30. Regulating Policy Applications Using Permissions

31. System Center Tools For more extensive application deployment capabilities, you have to turn to network management products outside of Windows Server 2008. Microsoft System Center Essentials 2007, designed for medium-sized organizations, and Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager 2007, designed for large enterprises, are both products that you can use to deploy applications, as well as perform a wide variety of other network management tasks. Both of these products rely on Windows Server Update Services 3.0 and use SQL Server databases to store information about the computers on the network.

32. Terminal Services Terminal Services is the modern equivalent of mainframe computing, in which servers perform most of the processing and clients are relatively simple devices that provide the user interface. Terminal Services works by running applications on a Windows Server 2008 server and enabling desktop computers to operate those applications from a remote location.

33. Terminal Services Components Terminal Server Remote Desktop Connection Client Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

34. Terminal Services

35. Remote Desktop Connection

36. RDC and ActiveX Control By default, Windows Server 2008 Terminal Services includes the downloadable ActiveX control for clients that are not running Remote Desktop Connection 6.0 or later. This includes all computers running Windows operating systems prior to Windows XP SP2, and Windows XP SP2 computers that don’t have RDC 6.0 installed.

37. Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

38. Planning a Terminal Services Deployment Security Licensing Local resources Memory management

39. Advantages of Terminal Services Reduced client hardware requirements. Simplified application deployment. Easy configuration and updates. Low network bandwidth consumption. Support for thin clients. Conservation of licenses. Power savings. No client backups. Remote control help and training.

40. Terminal Services Keep in mind that while Terminal Services might save money on desktop hardware, you might have to upgrade your servers (or purchase additional ones) to support the Terminal Services traffic, and you will certainly have to purchase Terminal Services client access licenses (TS CALs) for your users or devices.

41. Terminal Services Hardware The selection of appropriate hardware for a terminal server should be based on the following factors: – Number of users connected to the server at any one time. – Applications users need. – Number of users who access each application. – Using RemoteApp vs complete remote desktops.

42. RemoteApp RemoteApp is a new Terminal Services feature that enables clients to run terminal server applications within individual windows. The windows are resizable. They have standard system menu and title bar buttons, and they are not constrained by a Terminal Services desktop. A RemoteApp window is, in most cases, indistinguishable from a window containing a local application.

43. RemoteApp When two different client computers launch RemoteApp applications using the same terminal server, the server creates two separate sessions, each with its own virtualized environment. However, when a single client computer launches two RemoteApp applications on the same terminal server, the server uses one session for both applications. Therefore, it is possible for a fault in one application to affect the performance of the other.

44. Terminal Server Licensing A Terminal Services deployment needs only one TS Licensing server for the entire installation regardless of the number of terminal servers on your network. The process of installing a TS Licensing server and preparing it for use consists of the following basic steps: – Install the TS Licensing role service. – Activate the TS Licensing server. – Install the TS CALs on the TS Licensing server. – Configure the licensing settings on the terminal servers.

45. Terminal Services Licensing Mode

46. Hyper-V Architecture

47. Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V

48. Hyper-V Manager Console

49. Settings Configuration Interface for Hyper-V Virtual Machine

50. Summary Applications in the enterprise can take several forms including client-run applications, client/server applications, and distributed applications. The number of roles a server can perform depends on the computer’s hardware configuration, the hardware requirements of the role, and the size and scope of the enterprise.

51. Summary Distributing server roles among several computers has several distinct advantages including fault tolerance, ease of resource allocation, high availability, server scalability, security configuration, dispersed network traffic, and simpler update management.

52. Summary Terminal Services works by running applications on a Windows Server 2008 server and enabling desktop computers to operate those applications from a remote location.

53. Summary To make the desktop or application appear on the client computer, the server transmits data and instructions that enable the client to render the graphical interface on its display. In return, to manipulate the applications running on the server, the client program transmits the user’s keystrokes and mouse movements.

54. Summary Terminal Services implements the server, client, and protocol elements with the following three components: Terminal Server, Remote Desktop Connection client, and Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP).

55. Summary Clients connecting to a Windows Server 2008 terminal server must have client access licenses, in addition to any licenses needed for their operating system and applications. Terminal Services provides a 120-day grace period during which licenses are not necessary.

56. Summary RemoteApp is a new Terminal Services feature that enables clients to run terminal server applications within individual windows. The windows are resizable; they have standard taskbar buttons, and they are not constrained by a Terminal Services desktop.

57. Summary A virtual server is a complete installation of an operating system that runs in a software environment emulating a physical computer. Applications such as Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 and the Windows Server virtualization technology in Windows Server 2008 make it possible for a single computer to host multiple virtual machines, each of which runs in a completely independent environment.

58. Summary Hyper-V is a new server role that provides hypervisor- based virtualization on 64-bit Windows Server 2008 computers. This enables the administrator to create multiple virtual machines on a single physical computer, each of which runs a separate operating system. You can virtualize individual applications, as well as operating systems, by using Terminal Services RemoteApp or Microsoft SoftGrid Application Virtualization.