1. RESPONSES TO EXERCISE

2. You may feel light headed and not as mentally alert You change "colour" – your skin becoming "flushed" You feel thirsty You can feel your pulse beating *You breathe more deeply and more frequently *Your heart beats faster *You sweat and feel hotter *Your muscles may begin to ache WHY DO THESE THINGS HAPPEN? YOUR BODY’S RESPONSE TO EXERCISE YOUR BODY’S RESPONSE TO EXERCISE What do you notice happening to your body when you exercise?

3. Use the PE booklet – Revise each night!!!!!  Fill in the blanks!

4. Heart Rate (HR) Increases: HR increases during exercise, because we need to pump more oxygenated blood towards the muscles, so that they can keep performing well. There also is an increased blood flow which removes the CO2 that is released during muscle activity, transporting it to the lungs.

5. This is because the working muscles need more oxygen to function. By breathing faster and deeper more oxygen is getting into the lungs. From here oxygen then enters the blood and is then pumped by the heart around the body to the working muscles. Breathing Rate gets deeper and faster:

6. YOU SWEAT, FEEL HOTTER AND "FLUSHED"  Feel hotter/Flushed - The body responds by sending more blood to the skin surface for cooling.  Sweat- The body also cools itself by sweating, when the water on the surface evaporates you feel cooler.

7. YOUR MUSCLES ACHE When doing high intensity exercise over a long period of time your body does not produce enough oxygen to remove waste products. (eg circuits, 400m running) The efficiency of your muscles diminishes as waste products such as lactic acid swell your muscle, and muscle soreness develops.

8. Short Term Responses  Aim: 1. To measure the immediate physiological changes that occur during exercise Procedure: Record the person 1. Heart Rate Per Minute, 2. Breaths Per Minute, 3. Temperature (/10) and 4. Muscle Soreness (/10) 2. After 5mins the above measurements are retaken. Visual observations are made about Breathing Rates and Skin Colour

9. Heart Rate Determination  You can feel a pulse in an artery that lies close to the body surface by compressing the artery against firm tissue  Use your two index finder to locate the pulse in your radial artery

10. Heart Rate Determination  Count the number of pulses in 10 seconds and multiply by 6 to calculate the heart rate per minute  Repeat this 3 times  Select a partner and calculate his/her heart rate per minute

11. Breathing Rate  Number of times that an individual breaths per min (breaths/min)  Usually between 12-16 breaths/min in a healthy individual

12. Breathing Rate Determination  Place your hand on your breastbone (sternum) and count the number of inhalations (chest expands) in10 seconds  Multiply by 6 to calculate the breathing rate per minute  Repeat this 3 times

13. Short Term Responses  Aim: 1. To measure the immediate physiological changes that occur during exercise Procedure: Record the person 1. Heart Rate Per Minute, 2. Breaths Per Minute, 3. Temperature (/10) and 4. Muscle Soreness (/10) 2. After 5mins the above measurements are retaken. Visual observations are made about Breathing Rates and Skin Colour

14. My heart rate over 10seconds is......... Multiply this by 6= _________ beats per minute! My breathing rate over 10seconds is...... Multiply this by 6= _________ breathing per minute! My breathing rate over 10seconds is...... Multiply this by 6= _________ breathing per minute! My muscle soreness out of 10 is...... _________ /10 My muscle soreness out of 10 is...... _________ /10 My Temperature out of 10 is...... _________ /10

17. James LONG TERM EFFECTS OF EXERCISE Mr Rameka

18. Muscular Benefits 18   Exercise over the long term has several benefits for the Muscular system they include the following:   Hypertrophy of muscle fibres (growth in size) which helps to increase strength and muscle tone.   Increased capacity for aerobic metabolism which means the body can burn more energy at rest as well as operating more efficiently during exercise.   Increased fuel storage in the muscles   When athletes exercise, this enables an increase in the number of muscle fibres

19. Heart getting stronger 19   The heart is also a muscle and therefore:   Training can increase it’s strength and endurance, which means the heart can maintain a higher workload, for a longer period.   Because other muscle operate more efficiently, the heart is not required to work as hard as a heart in an untrained individual.  Resting heart rate decreases due to the size of the heart increasing

20. Circulatory System 12/06/201620   Regular periods of high blood flow through the blood vessels helps to prevent the build up of ‘plaque’ (fatty waste tissue).  Blood pressure decreases  The Build up of plaque in blood vessels causes high blood pressure (which increases the likelihood of strokes) and can lead to blood clots, which can be fatal. Blood pressure decreases

22. Short term or Long Term Effects?  1) Sweating- T he process of the sweat glands of the skin secreting fluid. Sweating helps to remove extra heat generated by muscles action and helps cool the body down.  2- Sore muscles- Muscles are working harder than they normally do when exercising, they become fatigued and tired.

23.  3- Increased breathing rate- The number of times you breathe per minute. Increase as the body needs more oxygen during exercise.  4- Increased heart rate- The number of times the heart beats per minute. Increase in heart rate due to exercise as it needs to pump more blood to the working muscles. Blood is also directed away from the parts of the body not needing blood during exercise Short term or Long Term Effects?

24. 1) Decreased blood pressure-Blood pressure is the pressure your blood exerts against your blood vessel walls as your heart pumps. When exercising the heart gets stronger and can pump more blood at a slower speed which is less pressure on your arteries. 2) Increased lung capacity- the size of your lungs increase with exercise and you can take a bigger breath and don't need to breathe as many times.

25. 3) Decreased resting heart rate- the resting heart rate decreases as the heart becomes stronger and bigger with training. Therefore it can pump out more blood per beat and your heart does not need to beat as many times when at rest. 4) Loss of weight/body fat Exercising burns body fat which results in loss of weight and % of body fat. 5) Increased tone and size of muscles Muscles become bigger and more defined with exercise as muscles are put under stress the muscles cells grow to help hold the stress.

26. Circle correct answer  1.The heart gets larger/smaller as a result of training/exercise. 2.The muscles get weaker/stronger as a result of training/exercise. 3.The lungs can breathe in and out more/less air as a result of training/exercise. 4.The muscles get more/less flexible as a result of training/exercise. 5.Resting heart rate gets lower/higher as a result of training. 6.The blood is able to carry more/less oxygen as a result of training. 7.Heart rate returns to normal faster/slower as a result of training/exercise. 8.The muscles get less/more blood vessels as a result of training/exercise. 9.The heart pumps more /less blood around the body as a result of training/exercise. 10.The lungs can breathe in more/less oxygen a result of training/exercise. 11.The muscles can receive less/more oxygen a result of training/exercise. 12.The lungs can breathe in a lesser/greater volume of air a result of training/exercise. 13.The muscles get small/larger as a result of training/exercise. 14.Exercise heart rate gets lower/higher a result of training/exercise.

27. You may feel light headed and not as mentally alert Loss of weight body fat You feel thirsty You can feel your pulse beating Increase tone and size of muscle Your heart beats faster You sweat and feel hotter Your muscles may begin to ache Which are short term and long term responses? Which are short term and long term responses?

28. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Heart increases in size Your smell Muscles decrease in size Lungs decrease in size 1. What improves with exercise?

29. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Increase in muscle size Grass stuck to bottom of boot Muscle ache Lungs decrease in size 2. What does this picture relate to?

30. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Car Maximum heart rate Heart beatoxygen 3. Heart rate refers to the speed of the…..

31. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Meet demands of the body Meet demands of body fat Meet demands of the heart Meet demands of the blood pressure 4. Why does the heart rate increase?

32. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions To party To pump more oxygenated blood To remove CO2 To provide nutrients 5. Why does the heart rate increase? Which one is incorrect

33. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions oxygenated blood oxygenated H2O oxygenated CO2 oxygenated O2 6. What is pumped out of the heart?

34. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Brain & Lungs Foot & Lungs Heart & Lungs Right Ventricle & Lungs 7. Where is the blood pumped to get rid of CO2 ?

35. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions HRmax = 200 − age HRmax = 210 − age HRmax = 220 − age of your dog HRmax = 220 − age 8. How to you work out your Maximum Heart Rate?

36. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Long term parking at airport Long term singing Long term training Long term relationship 9. A decreased resting heart rate in due to?

37. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Via the swing system Via the integuary system Via the circulatory system Via the muscular system 10. How does the body transport blood in the body?

38. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Veins Veines Arteries Ateries 11. What takes blood away from the heart?

39. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Veins Veines Aorta capillary 12. What is the largest artery in the body?

40. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions 13. Which athlete should have a lower resting heart rate & why?

41. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions 14. Which athlete should have a higher maximum heart rate & why?

42. Pass your answers over to another person to your left

43. Almost there…. Don’t forget to study!!!

44. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Heart increases in size Your smell Muscles decrease in size Lungs decrease in size 1. What improves with exercise?

45. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Increase in muscle size Grass stuck to bottom of boot Muscle ache Lungs decrease in size 2. What does this picture relate to?

46. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Car Maximum heart rate Heart beat oxygen 3. Heart rate refers to the speed of the…..

47. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Meet demands of the body Meet demands of body fat Meet demands of the heart Meet demands of the blood pressure 4. Why does the heart rate increase?

48. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions To party To pump more oxygenated blood To remove CO2 To provide nutrients 5. Why does the heart rate increase? Which one is incorrect

49. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions oxygenated blood oxygenated H2O oxygenated CO2 oxygenated O2 4. What is pumped out of the heart?

50. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Brain & Lungs Foot & Lungs Heart & Lungs Right Ventricle & Lungs 5. Where is the blood pumped to get rid of CO2 ?

51. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions HRmax = 200 − age HRmax = 210 − age HRmax = 220 − age of your dog HRmax = 220 − age 6. How to you work out your Maximum Heart Rate?

52. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Long term parking at airport Long term singing Long term training Long term relationship 7. A decreased resting heart rate in due to?

53. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Via the swing system Via the integuary system Via the circulatory system Via the muscular system 8. How does the body transport blood in the body?

54. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Veins Veines Arteries Ateries 7. What takes blood away from the heart?

55. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions Veins Veines Aorta capillary 8. What is the largest artery in the body?

56. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions 9. Which athlete should have a lower resting heart rate & why?

57. Responses to exercises Quiz – 10 Questions 10. Which athlete should have a higher maximum heart rate & why?