1. DIMM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

2. Backlight - Flicker due to backlight dimming 1 LED backlights are often dimmed by applying pulse-width modulation to the supply current, switching the backlight off and on again like a fast strobe light https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

3. Dimmer 1 Although variable-voltage devices are used for various purposes, the term dimmer is generally reserved for those intended to control light output from resistive incandescent, halogen, and (more recently) compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

4. Dimmer 1 Dimmers range in size from small units the size of a light switch used for domestic lighting to high power units used in large theatre or architectural lighting installations. Small domestic dimmers are generally directly controlled, although remote control systems (such as X10) are available. Modern professional dimmers are generally controlled by a digital control system like DMX or DALI. In newer systems, these protocols are often used in conjunction with ethernet. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

5. Dimmer 1 In the professional lighting industry, changes in intensity are called “fades” and can be “fade up” or “fade down”. Dimmers with direct manual control had a limit on the speed they could be varied at but this issue has been largely eliminated with modern digital units (although very fast changes in brightness may still be avoided for other reasons like lamp life). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

6. Dimmer 1 Modern dimmers are built from silicon- controlled rectifiers (SCR) instead of variable resistors, because they have higher efficiency. A variable resistor would dissipate power as heat and acts as a voltage divider. Since a silicon controlled rectifier switches between a low resistance "on" state and a high resistance "off" state, it dissipates very little power compared with the controlled load. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

7. Dimmer - History 1 One of the earliest recorded dimmers is Granville Woods' "Safety Dimmer", published in 1890; dimmers before that were liable to cause fires. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

8. Dimmer - History 1 Early dimmers were directly controlled through the manual manipulation of large dimmer panels. This required all power to come through the lighting control location, which could be inconvenient and potentially dangerous for large or high- powered systems, such as used for stage lighting. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

9. Dimmer - History 1 Modern systems use a digital control protocol such as DMX512, DALI, or one of the many Ethernet-based protocols like Art-Net, ETCnet, sACN, Pathport, ShowNet or KiNET to control a large number of dimmers (and other stage equipment) through a single cable. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

10. Dimmer - History 1 In 1959, Joel S. Spira, founder of Lutron Electronics Company in 1961, invented the first solid-state dimmer, which switches the current on and off 120 times per second, saving energy and allowing the dimmer to be installed in a standard electrical wallbox. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

11. Dimmer - Rheostat dimmer 1 Dimmers based on rheostats were inefficient since they would dissipate a significant portion of the power rating of the load as heat. They were large and required plenty of cooling air. Because their dimming effect depended a great deal on the total load applied to each rheostat, the load needed to be matched fairly carefully to the power rating of the rheostat. Finally, as they relied on mechanical control they were slow and it was difficult to change many channels at a time. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

12. Dimmer - Saltwater dimmer 1 Early examples of a rheostat dimmer include a salt water dimmer or liquid rheostat; the liquid between a movable and fixed contact provided a variable resistance. The closer the contacts to each other, the more voltage was available for the light. Salt water dimmers required regular addition of water and maintenance due to corrosion; exposed parts were energized during operation, presenting a shock hazard.[unreliable source?] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

13. Dimmer - Coil-rotation transformer 1 The coil-rotation transformer used a fixed- position electromagnet coil in conjunction with a variable-position coil to vary the voltage in the line by varying the alignment of the two coils. Rotated 90 degrees apart, the secondary coil is affected by two equal but opposite fields from the primary, which effectively cancel each other out and produce no voltage in the secondary. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

14. Dimmer - Coil-rotation transformer 1 These coils resembled the standard rotor and stator as used in an electric motor, except that the rotor was held against rotation using brakes and was moved to specific positions using high-torque gearing. Because the rotor did not ever turn a complete revolution, a commutator was not required and long flexible cables could be used on the rotor instead. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

15. Dimmer - Autotransformer dimmer 1 Remote control of the dimmers was still impractical, although some dimmers were equipped with motor drives that could slowly and steadily reduce or increase the brightness of the attached lamps https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

16. Dimmer - Thyristor dimmer 1 Thyristor (and briefly, thyratron) dimmers were introduced to solve some of these problems. Thyristor dimmers switch on at an adjustable time (phase angle) after the start of each alternating current half-cycle, thereby altering the voltage waveform applied to lamps and so changing its RMS effective value. Because they switch instead of absorbing part of the voltage supplied, there is very little wasted power. Dimming can be almost instantaneous and is easily controlled by remote electronics. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

17. Dimmer - Thyristor dimmer 1 European dimmers must comply with relevant EMC legislation requirements; this involves suppressing the emissions described above to limits described in EN55104. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

18. Dimmer - Thyristor dimmer 1 In the electrical schematic to the right, a typical SCR-based light dimmer dims the light through phase angle control https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

19. Dimmer - Thyristor dimmer 1 Sine-wave dimming promises to solve the weight and interference issues that afflict thyristor dimmers. These are effectively high power switched-mode power supplies. They rely on a new generation of insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) which are still relatively expensive (2004). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

20. Dimmer - Control 1 Non domestic dimmers are usually controlled remotely by means of various protocols. Analogue dimmers usually require a separate wire for each channel of dimming carrying a voltage between 0 and 10 V. Some analogue circuitry then derives a control signal from this and the mains supply for the switches. As more channels are added to the system more wires are needed between the lighting controller and the dimmers. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

21. Dimmer - Control 1 In the late 70s serial analogue protocols were developed. These multiplexed a series of analogue levels onto a single wire, with embedded clocking signal similar to a composite video signal (in the case of Strand Lighting's European D54 standard, handling 384 dimmers) or separate clocking signal (in the case of the US standard AMX192). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

22. Dimmer - Control 1 Digital protocols, such as DMX512 have proved to be the answer since the late 80s. In early implementations a digital signal was sent from the controller to a demultiplexer, which sat next to the dimmers. This converted the digital signal into a collection of 0 to +10 V or 0 to -10 V signals which could be connected to the individual analogue control circuits. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

23. Dimmer - Control 1 Modern dimmer designs use microprocessors to convert the digital signal directly into a control signal for the switches. This has many advantages, giving closer control over the dimming, and giving the opportunity for diagnostic feedback to be sent digitally back to the lighting controller. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

24. Dimmer - Patching 1 Patching is the physical ("hard patch") or virtual ("soft patch") assignment to a circuit or channel for the purpose of control. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

25. Dimmer - Hard patch 1 Dimmers are usually arranged together in racks, where they can be accessed easily, and then power is run to the instruments being controlled. In architectural installations electricity is run straight from the dimmers to the lights via permanent wiring (this is called a circuit). They are hard run and cannot be changed. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

26. Dimmer - Hard patch 1 This is most common in older theatres, and on a tour where dimmers will be brought in by the touring company. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

27. Dimmer - Soft patch 1 Most modern fixed installations do not have patch bays, instead they have a dimmer-per-circuit and patch dimmers into channels using a computerised control consoles Soft Patch. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

28. Dimmer - Dimming curves 1 The design of most analogue dimmers meant that the output of the dimmer was not directly proportional to the input. Instead, as the operator brought up a fader, the dimmer would dim slowly at first, then quickly in the middle, then slowly at the top. The shape of the curve resembled that of the third quarter of a sine wave. Different dimmers produced different dimmer curves, and different applications typically demanded different responses. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

29. Dimmer - Dimming curves 1 Sophisticated systems provide user- programmable or nonstandard curves, and a common use of a nonstandard curve is to turn a dimmer into a "non-dim", switching on at a user defined control level. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

30. Dimmer - Preheat 1 To soften the blow to the lamps slightly, dimmers may have a preheat function https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

31. Dimmer - Preheat 1 In less advanced systems, this same effect is achieved by literally pre-heating (warming) the globes before an event or performance. This is usually achieved by slowly bringing the lights up to full (or usually 90-95%) power over a period of between 1/2 to 1 hour. This is as effective as a built in preheat function. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

32. Dimmer - The digital revolution 1 Modern digital desks can emulate preheat and dimmer curves and allow a soft patch to be done in memory. This is often preferred as it means that the dimmer rack can be exchanged for another one without having to transfer complicated settings. Many different curves, or profiles can be programmed and used on different channels. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

33. Dimmer - Rise time 1 Newer dimming methods can help minimize such problems. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

34. Compact fluorescent lamp - Dimming 1 Dimmable CFLs are more expensive than standard CFLs due to the additional circuitry. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

35. Compact fluorescent lamp - Dimming 1 Cold-cathode CFLs can be dimmed to low levels, making them popular replacements for incandescent bulbs on dimmer circuits. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

36. Compact fluorescent lamp - Dimming 1 When a CFL is dimmed, its color temperature (warmth) stays the same. This is counter to most other light sources (such as the sun or incandescents) where color gets redder as the light source gets dimmer. The Kruithof curve from 1934 described an empirical relationship between intensity and color temperature of visually pleasing light sources. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

37. Fluorescent lamp - Dimming 1 CFLs are available that work in conjunction with a suitable dimmer. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

38. LED-backlit LCD display - Dynamic “local dimming” LEDs 1 This method of backlighting allows local dimming of specific areas of darkness on the screen. This type of display comes in white or the more expensive RGB LED configuration. This can show truer blacks, whites, proper color saturation (on RGB LEDs), and photorefractive effects at much higher dynamic-contrast ratios by dimming (or brightening) the backlight locally (at the cost of less detail in small, bright objects on a dark background, such as star fields or shadow details). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

39. LED-backlit LCD display - Backlight-dimming flicker 1 If the dimming-pulse frequency is too low or the user is sensitive to flicker, this may cause discomfort and eyestrain (similar to the flicker of CRT displays at lower refresh rates) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

40. Global dimming 1 'Global dimming' is the gradual reduction in the amount of global direct irradiance at the Earth's surface that was observed for several decades after the start of systematic measurements in the 1950s. The effect varies by location, but worldwide it has been estimated to be of the order of a 4% reduction over the three decades from 1960– 1990. However, after discounting an anomaly caused by the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991, a very slight reversal in the overall trend has been observed. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

41. Global dimming 1 Global dimming is thought to have been caused by an increase in Atmospheric particulate matter|particulates such as sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere due to human action. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

42. Global dimming 1 It has interfered with the hydrological cycle by reducing evaporation and may have reduced rainfall in some areas. Global dimming also creates a global cooling|cooling effect that may have partially masked the effect of greenhouse gases on global warming. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

43. Global dimming - Causes and effects 1 It is thought that global dimming is probably due to the increased presence of aerosol Atmospheric particulate matter|particles in the Earth's atmosphere|atmosphere caused by human action https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

44. Global dimming - Causes and effects 1 Clouds intercept both heat from the sun and heat radiated from the Earth. Their effects are complex and vary in time, location, and altitude. Usually during the daytime the interception of sunlight predominates, giving a cooling effect; however, at night the re-radiation of heat to the Earth slows the Earth's heat loss. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

45. Global dimming - Research 1 In the late-1960s, Mikhail Ivanovich Budyko worked with simple two- dimensional energy-balance climate models to investigate the reflectivity of ice. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

46. Global dimming - Research 1 He found that the ice-albedo feedback created a positive feedback loop in the Earth's climate system. The more snow and ice, the more solar radiation is reflected back into space and hence the colder Earth grows and the more it snows. Other studies found that pollution or a volcano eruption could provoke the onset of an ice age. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

47. Global dimming - Research 1 In the mid-1980s, Atsumu Ohmura, a geography researcher at the ETH Zurich|Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, found that solar radiation striking the Earth's surface had declined by more than 10% over the three previous decades. His findings appeared to contradict global warming—the global temperature had been generally rising since the 70s. Less light reaching the earth seemed to mean that it should cool. Ohmura published his findings Secular variation of global radiation in Europe in 1989. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

48. Global dimming - Research 1 This was soon followed by others: Viivi Russak in 1990 Trends of solar radiation, cloudiness and atmospheric transparency during recent decades in Estonia, https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

49. Global dimming - Research 1 and Beate Liepert in 1994 Solar radiation in Germany — Observed trends and an assessment of their causes. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

50. Global dimming - Research 1 Dimming has also been observed in sites all over the former Soviet Union. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

51. Global dimming - Research 1 Gerry Stanhill who studied these declines worldwide in many papers (see references) coined the term global dimming. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

52. Global dimming - Research 1 Independent research in Israel and the Netherlands in the late 1980s showed an apparent reduction in the amount of sunlight, despite widespread evidence that the climate was becoming hotter. The rate of dimming varies around the world but is on average estimated at around 2– 3% per decade. The trend reversed in the early 1990s. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

53. Global dimming - Research 1 It is difficult to make a precise measurement, due to the difficulty in accurately Calibration|calibrating the instruments used, and the problem of spatial coverage. Nonetheless, the effect is almost certainly present. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

54. Global dimming - Research 1 The effect (2–3%, as above) is due to changes within the Earth's atmosphere; the value of the solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere has not changed by more than a fraction of this amount. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

55. Global dimming - Research 1 The effect varies greatly over the planet, but estimates of the terrestrial surface average value are: https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

56. Global dimming - Research 1 * 2.7%/decade (total 20 W/m²); up to 2000 (Stanhill and Cohen, 2001) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

57. Global dimming - Research 1 A continuation of the long-lasting dimming is also noted at the sites in India https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

58. Global dimming - Research 1 Visible light and infrared radiation seem to be most affected rather than the ultraviolet part of the spectrum. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

59. Global dimming - Pan evaporation data 1 Over the last 50 or so years, pan evaporation has been carefully monitored. For decades, nobody took much notice of the pan evaporation measurements. But in the 1990s in Europe, Israel, and North America, scientists spotted something that at the time was considered very strange: the rate of evaporation was falling although they had expected it to increase due to global warming. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

60. Global dimming - Pan evaporation data 1 The same trend has been observed in China over a similar period. A decrease in solar irradiance is cited as the driving force. However, unlike in other areas of the world, in China the decrease in solar irradiance was not always accompanied by an increase in cloud cover and precipitation. It is believed that Atmospheric particulate matter|aerosols may play a critical role in the decrease of solar irradiance in China. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

61. Global dimming - Pan evaporation data 1 BBC Horizon producer David Sington believes that many climate scientists regard the pan-evaporation data as the most convincing evidence of solar dimming. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

62. Global dimming - Pan evaporation data 1 Pan evaporation experiments are easy to reproduce with low-cost equipment, there are many pans used for agriculture all over the world and in many instances the data has been collected for nearly a half century https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

63. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 The incomplete combustion of fossil fuels (such as Diesel fuel|diesel) and wood releases black carbon into the air. Though black carbon, most of which is soot, is an extremely small component of air pollution at land surface levels, the phenomenon has a significant heating effect on the atmosphere at altitudes above two kilometers (6,562ft). Also, it dims the surface of the ocean by absorbing solar radiation. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

64. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 Experiments in the Maldives (comparing the atmosphere over the northern and southern islands) in the 1990s showed that the effect of macroscopic pollutants in the atmosphere at that time (blown south from India) caused about a 10% reduction in sunlight reaching the surface in the area under the pollution cloud mdash; a much greater reduction than expected from the presence of the particles themselves. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

65. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 Prior to the research being undertaken, predictions were of a 0.5–1% effect from Atmospheric particulate matter|particulate matter; the variation from prediction may be explained by cloud formation with the particles acting as the focus for droplet creation. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

66. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 Clouds are very effective at Reflection (physics)|reflecting light back out into space. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

67. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 The phenomenon underlying global dimming may also have regional effects. While most of the earth has warmed, the regions that are downwind from major sources of air pollution (specifically sulfur dioxide emissions) have generally cooled. This may explain the cooling of the eastern United States relative to the warming western part. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

68. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 However some research shows that black carbon will increase global warming, being second only to CO2. They believe that soot will absorb solar energy and transport it to other areas such as the Himalayas where glacial melting occurs. It can also darken Arctic ice reducing reflectivity and increasing absorption of solar radiation. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

69. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 Some climate scientists have theorized that aircraft contrails (also called vapor trails) are implicated in global dimming, but the constant flow of air traffic previously meant that this could not be tested https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

70. Global dimming - Probable causes 1 Airborne volcanic ash can reflect the Sun's rays back into space and thereby contribute to cooling the planet. Dips in earth temperatures have been observed after large volcano eruptions such as Mount Agung in Bali that erupted in 1963, El Chichon (Mexico) 1983, Nevado del Ruiz|Ruiz (Colombia) 1985, and Mount Pinatubo|Pinatubo (Philippines) 1991. But even for major eruptions, the ash clouds remain only for relatively short periods. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

71. Global dimming - Recent reversal of the trend 1 Wild et al., using measurements over land, report brightening since 1990, https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

72. Global dimming - Recent reversal of the trend 1 found that slight dimming continued over land while brightening occurred over the ocean. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

73. Global dimming - Recent reversal of the trend 1 Hence, over the land surface, Wild et al. and Pinker et al. disagree. A 2007 NASA sponsored satellite-based study sheds light on the puzzling observations by other scientists that the amount of sunlight reaching Earth's surface had been steadily declining in recent decades, began to reverse around 1990. This switch from a global dimming trend to a brightening trend happened just as global aerosol levels started to decline. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

74. Global dimming - Recent reversal of the trend 1 It is likely that at least some of this change, particularly over Europe, is due to decreases in airborne pollution. Most governments of developed nations have taken steps to reduce aerosols released into the atmosphere, which helps reduce global dimming. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

75. Global dimming - Recent reversal of the trend 1 Sulfate aerosols have declined significantly since 1970 with the Clean Air Act (United States)|Clean Air Act in the United States and similar policies in Europe. The Clean Air Act was strengthened in 1977 and 1990. According to the EPA, from 1970 to 2005, total emissions of the six principal air pollutants, including PM’s, dropped by 53% in the US. In 1975, the masked effects of trapped greenhouse gases finally started to emerge and have dominated ever since. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

76. Global dimming - Recent reversal of the trend 1 The Baseline Surface Radiation Network(BSRN) has been collecting surface measurements. BSRN was started in the early 1990s and updated the archives in this time. Analysis of recent data reveals that the surface of the planet has brightened by about 4% in the past decade. The brightening trend is corroborated by other data, including satellite analyses. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

77. Global dimming - Relationship to hydrological cycle 1 Pollution produced by humans may be seriously weakening the Earth's water cycle mdash; reducing rainfall and threatening fresh water supplies https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

78. Global dimming - Relationship to hydrological cycle 1 Large scale changes in weather patterns may also have been caused by global dimming. Climate modelers speculatively suggest that this reduction in solar radiation at the surface may have led to the failure of the monsoon in sub-Saharan Africa during the 1970s and 1980s, together with the associated famines such as the Sahel drought, caused by Northern hemisphere pollution cooling the Atlantic. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

79. Global dimming - Relationship to hydrological cycle 1 Because of this, the Tropical rain belt may not have risen to its northern latitudes, thus causing an absence of seasonal rains https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

80. Global dimming - Relationship to hydrological cycle 1 The 2001 study by researchers at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography concluded that the imbalance between global dimming and global warming at the surface leads to weaker turbulent heat fluxes to the atmosphere. This means globally reduced evaporation and hence precipitation occur in a dimmer and warmer world, which could ultimately lead to a more humid atmosphere in which it rains less. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

81. Global dimming - Relationship to hydrological cycle 1 A natural form of large scale environmental shading/dimming has been identified that affected the 2006 northern hemisphere Tropical cyclone#Times|hurricane season. The NASA study found that several major dust storms in June and July in the Sahara desert sent dust drifting over the Atlantic Ocean and through several effects caused cooling of the waters, thus dampening the development of hurricanes. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

82. Global dimming - Relationship to global warming 1 According to Beate Liepert, We lived in a global warming plus a global dimming world and now we are taking out global dimming https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

83. Global dimming - Relationship to global warming 1 On the other hand, global dimming is affected by evaporation and rain https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

84. Global dimming - Relationship to global warming 1 The conventional thinking is that brown clouds have masked as much as 50 percent of global warming by greenhouse gases through so-called global dimming.. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

85. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 Some scientists have suggested using aerosols to stave off the effects of global warming as an emergency geoengineering measure. In 1974, Mikhail Budyko suggested that if global warming became a problem, the planet could be cooled by burning sulfur in the stratosphere, which would create a haze. An increase in planetary albedo of just 0.5 percent is sufficient to halve the effect of a CO2 doubling. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

86. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 The simplest solution would be to simply emit more sulfates, which would end up in troposphere - the lowest part of the atmosphere. If this were done, Earth would still face many problems, such as: https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

87. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 * Using sulfates causes environmental problems such as acid rain https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

88. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 * Using carbon black causes human health problems https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

89. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 * Dimming causes ecological problems such as changes in evaporation and rainfall patterns https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

90. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 * Droughts and/or increased rainfall cause problems for agriculture https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

91. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 The solution advocated is transporting sulfates into the next higher layer of the atmosphere - stratosphere https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

92. Global dimming - Possible use to mitigate global warming 1 In a blog post, Gavin Schmidt stated that Ideas that we should increase aerosol emissions to counteract global warming have been described as a 'Deal with the Devil|Faustian bargain' because that would imply an ever increasing amount of emissions in order to match the accumulated greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, with ever increasing monetary and health costs. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

93. Compact fluorescent lamps - Dimming 1 Dimmable CFLs are more expensive than standard CFLs due to the additional circuitry. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

94. Rear-view mirror - Automatic dimming 1 In the 1950s, American inventor Jacob Rabinow developed a light-sensitive automatic mechanism for the wedge-type day/night mirror. Several Chrysler Corporation cars offered these automatic mirrors as optional equipment as early as 1959, but few customers ordered them for their cars and the item was soon withdrawn from the option lists. Several automakers began offering rear-view mirrors with automatic dimming again in 1983, and it was in the late 1980s that they began to catch on in popularity. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

95. Rear-view mirror - Automatic dimming 1 Current systems usually use photosensors mounted in the actual rear-view mirror to detect light and dim the mirror by means of electrochromism. This electrochromic feature has been also incorporated into Wing mirror|side-view mirrors allowing them to dim and reduce glare as well. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

96. Headlamp - Rabinow dimmer 1 American inventor Jacob Rabinow devised and refined a scanning automatic dimmer system impervious to streetlights and reflections, but no automaker purchased the rights, and the problematic photoresistor type remained on the market through the late 1980s. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

97. Headlamp - Camera-based dimmer 1 Present systems based on imaging CMOS cameras can detect and respond appropriately to leading and oncoming vehicles while disregarding streetlights, road signs, and other spurious signals. Camera-based beam selection was first released in 2005 on the Jeep Grand Cherokee, and has since then been incorporated into comprehensive Automobile safety#Driver assistance|driver assistance systems by automakers worldwide.The headlights will dim when a bright reflection bounces off of a street sign. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

98. Intel Skulltrail - Although found to be an extremely powerful computing platform, Skulltrail has been criticized by media outlets for being ahead of its time. This is in part due to the lack of support for multi-core computing with many popular game engines at the time, in addition to the extremely high price of the components involved. The use of FB-DIMMs due to the workstation chipset has also been pointed at as a major limiting factor for Skulltrail.[http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/cpu/display/intel-skulltrail_12.html Kinky Luxury: Intel Skulltrail Platform Review][http://www.hothardware.com/Articles/Intel_Skulltrail_Unleashed_Core_ 2_Extreme_QX9775_x_2/?page13 Intel Skulltrail Unleashed: Core 2 Extreme QX9775 × 2][http://enthusiast.hardocp.com/article.html?artMTQ1OCw5LCxoZW50aHVza WFzdA 1 Intel Skulltrail Preview] although this limitation can be mitigated by purchasing specially designed Kingston HyperX FB- DIMMS that have a lower latency than generic FB- DIMMshttp://www.legitreviews.com/article/ 724/1/ https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

99. Intel Skulltrail - Although found to be an extremely powerful computing platform, Skulltrail has been criticized by media outlets for being ahead of its time. This is in part due to the lack of support for multi-core computing with many popular game engines at the time, in addition to the extremely high price of the components involved. The use of FB-DIMMs due to the workstation chipset has also been pointed at as a major limiting factor for Skulltrail.[http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/cpu/display/intel-skulltrail_12.html Kinky Luxury: Intel Skulltrail Platform Review][http://www.hothardware.com/Articles/Intel_Skulltrail_Unleashed_Core_ 2_Extreme_QX9775_x_2/?page13 Intel Skulltrail Unleashed: Core 2 Extreme QX9775 × 2][http://enthusiast.hardocp.com/article.html?artMTQ1OCw5LCxoZW50aHVza WFzdA 1 The base Skulltrail platform consists of an Intel D5400XS mainboard which cost upwards of US$600 when it hit the market as a standalone part https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

100. Intel Skulltrail - Although found to be an extremely powerful computing platform, Skulltrail has been criticized by media outlets for being ahead of its time. This is in part due to the lack of support for multi-core computing with many popular game engines at the time, in addition to the extremely high price of the components involved. The use of FB-DIMMs due to the workstation chipset has also been pointed at as a major limiting factor for Skulltrail.[http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/cpu/display/intel-skulltrail_12.html Kinky Luxury: Intel Skulltrail Platform Review][http://www.hothardware.com/Articles/Intel_Skulltrail_Unleashed_Core_ 2_Extreme_QX9775_x_2/?page13 Intel Skulltrail Unleashed: Core 2 Extreme QX9775 × 2][http://enthusiast.hardocp.com/article.html?artMTQ1OCw5LCxoZW50aHVza WFzdA 1 Intel's Skulltrail D5400XS motherboard is made with two nForce chips. The Skulltrail D5400XS motherboard is now just one of the motherboards available, along with motherboards with Intel X58|X58 and Intel P55|P55 chipsets, that runs both nVidia|nVidia's Scalable Link Interface|SLI and ATI Technologies|ATI's ATI CrossFire|Crossfire platforms out of the box with public hardware drivers. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

101. Rig (stage lighting) - Dimming 1 In the case of incandescent lamps, some color changes occur as a lamp is dimmed, allowing for a limited amount of color control through a dimmer. Fades (brightness transitions) can be either UP or DOWN, meaning that the light output is increasing or decreasing during the transition. Most modern dimmers are solid state, though many mechanical dimmers are still in operation. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

102. Rig (stage lighting) - Dimming 1 Such a loss of control might cause a dimmer to dim a circuit and thus potentially damage its non-dimming device. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

103. Rig (stage lighting) - Dimming 1 Devices like moving heads also require independent power, as they cannot function on a partially dimmed channel for power, on top of requiring several other channels in order to convey all of the data they require for their several features https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

104. Rig (stage lighting) - Dimming 1 Increasingly, modern lighting instruments are available which allow remote control of effects other than light intensity, including direction, color, beam shape, projected image, and beam angle. The ability to move an instrument ever more quickly and quietly is an industry goal. Some automated lights have built-in dimming and so are connected directly to the control cable or network and are independent of external dimmers. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

105. LED-backlit LCD television - Backlight-dimming flicker 1 If the dimming-pulse frequency is too low or the user is sensitive to flicker, this may cause discomfort and eyestrain (similar to the Cathode ray tube#Flicker|flicker of CRT displays at lower refresh rates) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

106. LED backlight - Flicker due to backlight dimming 1 LED backlights are often dimmed by applying pulse-width modulation to the supply current, switching the backlight off and on again like a fast strobe light https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

107. Compact fluorescent - Dimming 1 Dimmable CFLs are more expensive than standard CFLs due to the additional circuitry. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

108. FB-DIMM 1 As with nearly all RAM specifications, the FB-DIMM specification was published by JEDEC. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

109. FB-DIMM - Technology 1 Unlike the Parallel communication|parallel bus architecture of traditional DRAMs, an FB-DIMM has a Serial communication|serial interface between the memory controller and the AMB https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

110. FB-DIMM - Technology 1 The AMB can also offer Error detection and correction|error correction, without imposing any additional overhead on the processor or the system's memory controller https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

111. FB-DIMM - Technology 1 However, this slowdown is nowhere near as bad as not having enough memory capacity to avoid using significant amounts of virtual memory, so workloads that use extreme amounts of memory in irregular patterns might be helped by using fully buffered DIMMs. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

112. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 The JEDEC standard [http://www.jedec.org/standards- documents/results/JESD206 JESD206] defines the protocol, and JESD82-20 defines the AMB interface to DDR2 memory. The protocol is more generally described in many other places. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

113. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 The FB-DIMM channel consists of 14 northbound bit lanes carrying data from memory to the processor and 10 southbound bit lanes carrying commands and data from the processor to memory. Each bit is carried over a differential pair, clocked at 12 times the basic memory clock rate, 6 times the double-pumped data rate. E.g. for DDR2-667 DRAM chips, the channel would operate at 4000 MHz. Every 12 cycles constitutes one frame, 168 bits northbound and 120 bits southbound. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

114. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 One northbound frame carries 144 data bits, the amount of data produced by a 72- bit wide DDR SDRAM array in that time, and 24 bits of Cyclic redundancy check|CRC for error detection. There is no header information, although unused frames include a deliberately invalid CRC. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

115. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 One southbound frame carries 98 payload bits and 22 CRC bits. Two payload bits are a frame type, and 24 bits are a command. The remaining 72 bits may be either (depending on the frame type), 72 bits of write data, two more 24-bit commands, or one more command plus 36 bits of data to be written to an AMB control register. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

116. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 The commands correspond to standard DRAM access cycles, such as row select, precharge, and refresh commands. Read and write commands include only column addresses. All commands include a 3-bit FB-DIMM address, allowing up to 8 FB- DIMM modules on a channel. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

117. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 Because write data is supplied more slowly than DDR memory expects it, writes are buffered in the AMB until they can be written in a burst. Write commands are not directly linked to the write data; instead, each AMB has a write data FIFO that is filled by four consecutive write data frames, and is emptied by a write command. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

118. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 Both northbound and southbound links can operate at full speed with one bit line disabled, by discarding 12 bits of CRC information per frame. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

119. FB-DIMM - Protocol 1 Note that the bandwidth of an FB-DIMM channel is equal to the peak read bandwidth of a DDR memory channel (and this speed can be sustained, as there is no contention for the northbound channel), plus half of the peak write bandwidth of a DDR memory channel (which can often be sustained, if one command per frame is sufficient). The only overhead is the need for a channel sync frame (which elicits a northbound status frame in response) every 32 to 42 frames (2.5–3% overhead). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

120. FB-DIMM - Implementations 1 Intel has adopted the technology for their Xeon 5000/5100 series and beyond, which they consider a long-term strategic direction for servers.[http://www.intel.com/cd/channel/r eseller/asmo- na/eng/products/server/platform/5000/lear n/250634.htm Intel server platform page] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

121. FB-DIMM - Implementations 1 Sun Microsystems is using FB-DIMMs for the UltraSPARC T2|Niagara II (UltraSparc T2) server processor.[http://www.sun.com/processors /niagara/M45_MPFNiagara2_reprint.pdf Microprocessor Report: Niagara 2 Opens the Floodgates, Harlan McGhan] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

122. FB-DIMM - Implementations 1 Intel's enthusiast system platform Intel Skulltrail|Skulltrail uses FB-DIMMs for their dual CPU socket, multi-GPU system.[http://www.hothardware.com/Articl es/Intel%5FSkulltrail%5FUnleashed%5FC ore%5F2%5FExtreme%5FQX9775%5Fx %5F2/ Intel Skulltrail Unleashed: Core 2 Extreme QX9775 x 2 - HotHardware] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

123. FB-DIMM - Implementations 1 FB-DIMMS have 240 pins and are the same total length as other DDR DIMMs but differ by having indents on both ends within the slot. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

124. FB-DIMM - Implementations 1 The cost of FB-DIMM memory was initially much higher than registered DIMM, which may be one of the factors behind its current level of acceptance. Also, the AMB chip dissipates considerable heat, leading to additional cooling problems. Although strenuous efforts were made to minimize delay in the AMB, there is some noticeable cost in memory access latency. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

125. FB-DIMM - Future 1 As of September 2006, Advanced Micro Devices|AMD has taken FB-DIMM off their roadmap.[http://www.theinquirer.net/defaul t.aspx?article=34412 The Inquirer report] In December 2006, AMD has revealed in one of the slides that microprocessors based on the new AMD K10|K10 microarchitecture has the support for FB- DIMM when appropriate.[http://www.amd.com/us- en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAss ets/Dec-06A-DayPhilHester.pdf (slide 5) Slides AMD Analyst Day 2006, December 14, 2006] In addition, AMD also developed Socket G3 Memory Extender (Socket G3 Memory Extender|G3MX), which uses a single buffer for every 4 modules instead of one for each, to be used by Opteron- based systems in 2009. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

126. FB-DIMM - Future 1 At the 2007 Intel Developer Forum, it was revealed that major memory manufacturers have no plans to extend FB-DIMM to support DDR3 SDRAM. Instead, only registered DIMM for DDR3 SDRAM had been demonstrated. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

127. FB-DIMM - Future 1 On August 5, 2008, Elpida Memory announced that it would mass-produce the world's first FB-DIMM at 16 Gigabyte capacity, as from Fiscal Quarter|Q4 2008,[http://www.maximumpc.com/article/ne ws/all_bow_down_before_mighty_16gb_fbdi mm All Bow Down Before the Mighty 16GB FB-DIMM!] however the product has not appeared and the press release has been deleted from Elpida's site.[http://www.elpida.com/en/news/2008/ind ex.html New Room 2008 | Elpida Memory, Inc.] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

128. LED backlit - Flicker due to backlight dimming 1 LED backlights are often dimmed by applying pulse-width modulation to the supply current, switching the backlight off and on again like a fast strobe light https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

129. Atmospheric brown cloud - Global warming and dimming 1 The 2008 report also addressed the global concern of global warming|warming and concluded that the brown clouds have masked 20 to 80 percent of greenhouse gas forcing in the past century. The report suggested that air pollution regulations can have large amplifying effects on global warming. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

130. Atmospheric brown cloud - Global warming and dimming 1 Black carbon (soot) in the Asian Brown Cloud may be reflecting sunlight and dimming Earth below but it is warming other places by absorbing incoming radiation and warming the atmosphere and whatever it touches https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

131. DIMM 1 A 'DIMM' or 'dual in-line memory module' comprises a series of dynamic random- access memory integrated circuits. These modules are mounted on a printed circuit board and designed for use in personal computers, workstations and Server (computing)|servers. DIMMs began to replace SIMMs (single in-line memory modules) as the predominant type of memory module as Intel P5 (microarchitecture)|P5- based Pentium (brand)|Pentium processors began to gain market share. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

132. DIMM 1 DIMMs were introduced to eliminate this practice. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

133. DIMM 1 * 72-pin SO-DIMM (not the same as a 72- pin SIMM), used for Fast page mode|FPM DRAM and Extended Data Out RAM|EDO DRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

134. DIMM 1 * 100-pin DIMM, used for printer SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

135. DIMM 1 * 144-pin SO-DIMM, used for SDRAM#SDR SDRAM|SDR SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

136. DIMM 1 * 168-pin DIMM, used for SDR SDRAM (less frequently for FPM/EDO DRAM in workstations/servers, may be 3.3 or 5 V) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

137. DIMM 1 * 172-pin MicroDIMM, used for DDR SDRAM|DDR SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

138. DIMM 1 * 184-pin DIMM, used for DDR SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

139. DIMM 1 * 200-pin SO-DIMM, used for DDR SDRAM and DDR2 SDRAM|DDR2 SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

140. DIMM 1 * 204-pin SO-DIMM, used for DDR3 SDRAM|DDR3 SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

141. DIMM 1 * 214-pin MicroDIMM, used for DDR2 SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

142. DIMM 1 * 240-pin DIMM, used for DDR2 SDRAM, DDR3 SDRAM and Fully Buffered DIMM|FB-DIMM DRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

143. DIMM 1 * 244-pin MiniDIMM, used for DDR2 SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

144. DIMM 1 * 260-pin SO-DIMM, used for DDR4 SDRAM|DDR4 SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

145. DIMM 1 * 288-pin DIMM, used for DDR4 SDRAM https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

146. DIMM - 168-pin SDRAM 1 On the bottom edge of 168-pin DIMMs there are 2 notches, and the location of each notch determines a particular feature of the module. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

147. DIMM - 168-pin SDRAM 1 * The first notch is DRAM key position. It represents RFU (reserved future use), Registered memory|registered, and Unbuffered memory|unbuffered (in that order from left to middle to right position). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

148. DIMM - 168-pin SDRAM 1 * The upper DIMM in the (topmost) photo is an unbuffered 3.3V 168-pin DIMM. Variants of DIMM slots support DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 RAM. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

149. DIMM - DDR DIMMs 1 DDR SDRAM|DDR, DDR2 SDRAM|DDR2, DDR3 SDRAM|DDR3 and DDR4 SDRAM|DDR4 all have different pin counts, and different notch positions https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

150. DIMM - SPD EEPROM 1 A DIMM's capacity and other operational parameters may be identified with serial presence detect (SPD), an additional chip which contains information about the module type and timing for the memory controller to be configured correctly. The SPD EEPROM connects to the System Management Bus and may also contain thermal sensors (TS- on- DIMM).[http://www.tempsensornews.com/gen eric-temp-sensors/temperature-sensor-in- dimm-memory-modules/ Temperature Sensor in DIMM memory modules] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

151. DIMM - Error correction 1 ECC memory|ECC DIMMs are those that have extra data bits which can be used by the system memory controller to detect and correct errors. There are numerous ECC schemes, but perhaps the most common is Single Error Correct, Double Error Detect (Hamming code|SECDED) which uses an extra byte per 64-bit word. ECC modules usually carry a multiple of 9 instead of a multiple of 8 chips. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

152. DIMM - Ranking 1 Consumer DIMM vendors have recently begun to distinguish between single and dual ranked DIMMs. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

153. DIMM - Ranking 1 DIMMs are often referred to as single- sided or Double-sided RAM|double-sided to describe whether the DRAM chips are located on one or both sides of the module's printed circuit board (PCB). However, these terms may cause confusion, as the physical layout of the chips does not necessarily relate to how they are logically organized or accessed. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

154. DIMM - Ranking 1 JEDEC decided that the terms dual-sided, double-sided, or dual-banked were not correct when applied to registered DIMMs. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

155. DIMM - Organization 1 Most DIMMs are built using ×4 (by 4) memory chips or ×8 (by 8) memory chips with 9 chips per side. ×4 or ×8 refer to the data width of the DRAM chips in bits. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

156. DIMM - Organization 1 In the case of the ×4-registered DIMMs, the data width per side is 36 bits; therefore, the memory controller (which requires 72 bits) needs to address both sides at the same time to read or write the data it needs. In this case, the two-sided module is single-ranked. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

157. DIMM - Organization 1 For ×8-registered DIMMs, each side is 72 bits wide, so the memory controller only addresses one side at a time (the two- sided module is dual-ranked). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

158. DIMM - Organization 1 Note: The above example applies to ECC memory which stores 72 bits instead of the more common 64. There would also be one extra chip per group of eight which is not counted. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

159. DIMM - Speeds 1 For various technologies, there are certain bus and device clock frequencies that are standardized; there is also a decided nomenclature for each of these speeds for each type. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

160. DIMM - Speeds 1 DIMMs based on Single Data Rate (SDR) DRAM have the same bus frequency for data, address and control lines. DIMMs based on Double Data Rate (DDR) DRAM have data but not the strobe at double the rate of the clock; this is achieved by clocking on both the rising and falling edge of the data strobes. Power consumption and voltage gradually became lower with each generation of DDR-based DIMMs. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

161. DIMM - Form factors 1 Several form factors are commonly used in DIMMs. Single Data Rate Synchronous DRAM (SDR SDRAM) DIMMs were primarily manufactured in and heights. When rack unit|1U rackmount servers started becoming popular, these form factor registered DIMMs had to plug into angled DIMM sockets to fit in the high box. To alleviate this issue, the next standards of DDR DIMMs were created with a low profile (LP) height of around. These fit into vertical DIMM sockets for a 1U platform. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

162. DIMM - Form factors 1 With the advent of blade servers, angled slots have once again become common in order to accommodate LP form factor DIMMs in these space-constrained boxes. This led to the development of the Very Low Profile (VLP) form factor DIMM with a height of around. The DDR3 JEDEC standard for VLP DIMM height is around. These will fit vertically in Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture|ATCA systems. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

163. DIMM - Form factors 1 Full-height 240-pin DDR2 and DDR3 DIMMs are all specified at a height of around by standards set by JEDEC. These form factors include 240-pin DIMM, SODIMM, Mini-DIMM and Micro- DIMM.[http://www.jedec.org/sites/default/fil es/docs/MO-269J.pdf JEDEC MO-269J Whitepaper.], accessed Aug. 20, 2014. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

164. DIMM - Form factors 1 Full-height 288-pin DDR4 DIMMs are slightly taller than their DDR3 counterparts at. Similarly, VLP DDR4 DIMMs are also marginally taller than their DDR3 equivalent at nearly.[http://www.jedec.org/sites/default/files/do cs/MO-309E.pdf JEDEC MO-309E Whitepaper.], accessed Aug. 20, 2014. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

165. Edimmu 1 The edimmu were also thought to be completely or nearly incorporeal, wind spirits that sucked the life out of the susceptible and the sleeping (most commonly the young). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

166. Dimmu Borgir 1 Retrieved on 2011-06- 11.[http://www.metalstorm.net/bands/band.php?ban d_id=86 Dimmu Borgir] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

167. Dimmu Borgir - For All Tid and Stormblåst period 1 Retrieved on 2011-06- 11.[http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=3005823 Dimmu Borgir – Stormblast CD Album] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

168. Dimmu Borgir - Enthrone Darkness Triumphant period 1 (1997-05-27) [http://www.allmusic.com/album/enthrone- darkness-triumphant-r276860 Enthrone Darkness Triumphant – Dimmu Borgir] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

169. Dimmu Borgir - Spiritual Black Dimensions and Puritanical Euphoric Misanthropia period 1 (2001-03-20) [http://www.allmusic.com/album/puritanical -euphoric-misanthropia-r524537 Puritanical Euphoric Misanthropia – Dimmu Borgir] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

170. Dimmu Borgir - Death Cult Armageddon and Stormblåst MMV period 1 All orchestrations were arranged by Gaute Storaas (who had previously worked with Dimmu Borgir on the album Puritanical Euphoric Misanthropia) In 2004, Dimmu Borgir performed on the mainstage at Ozzfest. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

171. Dimmu Borgir - Death Cult Armageddon and Stormblåst MMV period 1 In 2005, the band did a complete re- recording of the Stormblåst MMV|Stormblåst album, featuring Jan Axel Blomberg|Hellhammer of Mayhem (band)|Mayhem fame as the session drummer. The album also featured a DVD with a live performance from the 2004 Ozzfest tour. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

172. Dimmu Borgir - In Sorte Diaboli period 1 With the release of this album, Dimmu Borgir became the first black metal band with a number one album on the charts in their native country. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

173. Dimmu Borgir - In Sorte Diaboli period 1 In 2009, members ICS Vortex and Mustis independently announced their departure from Dimmu Borgir. Mustis released a statement claiming his disfavor with the band, stating that he was not properly credited for his writing contributions to the band's music, mentioning possibly taking legal action. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

174. Dimmu Borgir - In Sorte Diaboli period 1 Dimmu Borgir soon after confirmed the pair's dismissal from the band, releasing a statement explaining why the two were fired. Shagrath, Silenoz and Galder wrote: Funny then, how the new album is half- way finished written already by the rest of us without any of these guys' input, still having all those elements we're known for. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

175. Dimmu Borgir - Abrahadabra period 1 Dimmu Borgir's ninth studio album, Abrahadabra (album)|Abrahadabra, was released on 24 September 2010 in Germany, 27 September 2010 for the rest of Europe and October 12, 2010 in North America https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

176. Dimmu Borgir - Abrahadabra period 1 Gaute Storaas, composer of the orchestral arrangements, released a statement on his role in working on the album https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

177. Dimmu Borgir - Abrahadabra period 1 On 17 September 2010 Dimmu Borgir released the song Born Treacherous from Abrahadabra on their official Myspace page https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

178. Dimmu Borgir - Abrahadabra period 1 28 May 2011 saw Dimmu Borgir, for the very first time in the band's career, perform live with a full symphony orchestra and choir in a one-off show with the Norwegian Radio Orchestra and Schola Cantorum Choir (who collaborated on Abrahadabra the previous year) at the Oslo Spectrum entitled Forces of the Northern Night https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

179. Dimmu Borgir - Influences and musical style 1 (2003-09-09) [http://www.allmusic.com/album/death-cult- armageddon-r655155 Death Cult Armageddon – Dimmu Borgir] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

180. Dimmu Borgir - Discography 1 *Enthrone Darkness Triumphant (1997) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

181. Dimmu Borgir - Discography 1 *Spiritual Black Dimensions (1999) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

182. Dimmu Borgir - Discography 1 *Puritanical Euphoric Misanthropia (2001) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

183. Dimmu Borgir - Current members 1 * Shagrath (Stian Tomt Thoresen) – lead vocals (1995–present), drums (1993– 1995), guitars (1995–1998, 2005), bass (2005), keyboards (2010) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

184. Dimmu Borgir - Current members 1 * Silenoz (Sven Atle Kopperud) – rhythm guitars (1993–present), lead vocals (1993–1995), bass (2005) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

185. Dimmu Borgir - Current members 1 * Galder (Tom Rune Andersen) – lead guitars (2000–present) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

186. Dimmu Borgir - Current live members 1 * Daray (Dariusz Brzozowski) – drums, percussion (2008–present) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

187. Dimmu Borgir - Current live members 1 * Cyrus (artist)|Cyrus (Terje Andersen) – guitars (2008), bass guitar (2010– present)http://www.blabbermouth.net/news /dimmu-borgir-announces-session- musicians-for-blackest-of-the-black-tour/ https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

188. Dimmu Borgir - Former members 1 * Tjodalv (Ian Kenneth Åkesson) – lead guitars (1993–1995), drums, percussion (1995–1999) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

189. Dimmu Borgir - Former members 1 * Astennu (musician)|Astennu (Jamie Stinson) – lead guitars (1997–1999) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

190. Dimmu Borgir - Former members 1 * Mustis (Øyvind Sven Mustaparta) – keyboards, piano (1998–2009) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

191. Dimmu Borgir - Former members 1 * Nicholas Barker – drums, percussion (1999–2005) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

192. Dimmu Borgir - Former members 1 * Jan Axel Blomberg|Hellhammer (Jan Axel Blomberg) – drums, percussion (2005–2007) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

193. Dimmu Borgir - Former live members 1 * Carl-Michael Eide|Aggressor (Carl- Michael Eide) – drums, percussion (1997) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

194. Dimmu Borgir - Former live members 1 * Kimberly Goss – keyboards (1997– 1998)[http://heavymetal.about.com/od/dim muborgir/p/dimmuborgir.htm Dimmu Borgir Profile – Dimmu Borgir Discography – Biography Of Dimmu Borgir]. Heavymetal.about.com (2011-03-02). Retrieved on 2011-06-11. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

195. Dimmu Borgir - Former live members 1 * Reno Kiilerich – drums, percussion (2004)http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/ exclusive-new-dimmu-borgir-drummer- speaks-out/ https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

196. Dimmu Borgir - Former live members 1 * Tony Laureano – drums, percussion (2004-2005, 2007-2008) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

197. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 ImageSize = width:720 height:auto barincrement:20 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

198. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 id:Vocals value:red legend:Vocals https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

199. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 id:Keyboards value:orange legend:Keyboards https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

200. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 id:Lines value:black legend:Studioreleases https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

201. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom columns:2 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

202. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1993 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

203. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 bar:Silenoz from:01/01/1993 till:end color:Guitar https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

204. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 bar:Astennu from:08/04/1998 till:05/10/1999 color:Guitar https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

205. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 bar:Mustis from:08/04/1998 till:03/01/2009 color:Keyboards https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

206. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 bar:Galder from:05/10/1999 till:end color:Guitar https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

207. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 bar:Hellhammer from:01/01/2005 till:05/01/2007 color:Drums https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

208. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 bar:Daray from:05/01/2007 till:end color:Drums https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

209. Dimmu Borgir - Timeline 1 bar:Cyrus from:09/24/2010 till:end color:Bass https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

210. Light switch - Dimmer switch 1 A dimmer switch, properly called a dimmer control, contains a solid-state circuit to allow changing the brightness by reducing the average voltage applied to the lamp. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

211. Banning of incandescent lightbulbs - Dimmers 1 Some CFLs may not be compatible with existing dimming circuits such as those using TRIACs, although more dimmable CFLs are expected to become available as the phase-outs continue. Mains voltage halogen bulbs provide a more efficient dimmable alternative to common incandescent bulbs and are readily available.[http://www.environment.gov.au/s ettlements/energyefficiency/lighting/faq- alternatives.html#docfls Do compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) work with dimmer switches?]. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

212. Banning of incandescent lightbulbs - Dimmers 1 Dimmable LED lamps are available from several vendors, although not all LED lamps are compatible with dimmers and their color temperature may not lower, as it does with incandescents. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

213. SO-DIMM 1 An 'SO-DIMM', or 'small outline dual in-line memory module', is a type of computer memory built using integrated circuits. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

214. SO-DIMM 1 SO-DIMMs (also written SODIMMs) are a smaller alternative to a DIMM, being roughly half the size of regular DIMMs. SO-DIMMs are often used in systems that have limited space, such as Laptop|notebooks, small footprint PCs (such as those with a Mini-ITX motherboard), high-end upgradable office Computer printer|printers, and networking hardware like router (computing)|routers. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

215. SO-DIMM - Variants of 200-pin SO-DIMMs 1 The 200-pin SO-DIMM can be of the types DDR and DDR2. In both cases the notch is located at one fifth of the board length (20 pins + notch + 80 pins), but in DDR2 the notch is located slightly closer to the center of the board. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

216. SO-DIMM - Variants of 200-pin SO-DIMMs 1 These two types of memory are 'not' interchangeable. The different notch locations are designed to prevent cross- installation. Keep this in mind when attempting to visually identify 200-pin SO- DIMM modules. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

217. SO-DIMM - Variants of 200-pin SO-DIMMs 1 This variance is designed to prevent coupling of memory and controllers of different DDR generations due to electrical incompatibility. DDR SO-DIMMs operate at 2.5 Volts while DDR2 SO-DIMMs operate at 1.8 Volts. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

218. SO-DIMM - General characteristics 1 200- and 204-pin SO-DIMMs measure at 6.76cm in length and a width of 3.175cm with a maximum total depth of 0.38cm.[http://download.micron.com/pdf/to olbox/SODIMMDesignStand_rev1.pdf micron.com - 200 Pin, PC2700 DDR SDRAM Unbuffered SO–DIMM REFERENCE DESIGN SPECIFICATION] page 26 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

219. SO-DIMM - General characteristics 1 SO-DIMMs are more or less equal in power and voltage rating to DIMMs, and as memory technology moves forward and despite their smaller size, SO-DIMM technology allows for performance speeds as high as the those of the larger DIMMs (clock speeds such as 400MHz DDR SDRAM#Specification standards|PC- 3200, for example, and CAS latency such as 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0) and capacity (512MB, 1GB, etc.). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

220. SO-DIMM - General characteristics 1 DDR2 SO-DIMM memory modules commonly have clock speeds from 200MHz up to 800MHz DDR2 SDRAM#Specification standards|PC2- 6400. The latest 204-pin SO-DIMMs can contain DDR3 SDRAM, with specifications such as PC3-6400, PC3-8500, PC3- 10600, and PC3- 12800.[http://www.webcitation.org/5kFxvjQ mo webcitation.org/5kFxvjQmo] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

221. SO-DIMM - General characteristics 1 LowHal SODIMMs are made using a low- halogen, environmentally-friendly process. It does not affect chip performance. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

222. SO-DIMM - General characteristics 1 Some SO-DIMMs provide ECC memory|ECC functionality, and Unbuffered memory|unbuffered ECC SO-DIMMs are called SO-CDIMMs. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

223. Dimmitt, Texas 1 'Dimmitt' ( http://www.texastripper.com/pronounce/loc ations-d.html) is a city and county seat in Castro County, Texas|Castro County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,375 at the 2000 United States Census|2000 census. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

224. Dimmitt, Texas - History 1 Dimmitt is located on the old Ozark Trail (auto trail)|Ozark Trail, a road system from St. Louis, Missouri, to El Paso, Texas. The Ozark Trail is marked at the courthouse. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

225. Dimmitt, Texas - Geography 1 Dimmitt is located at (34.549052, −102.315355). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, all of it land. Dimmitt is south of Hereford, Texas|Hereford, the seat of Deaf Smith County, Texas|Deaf Smith County. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

226. Dimmitt, Texas - Demographics 1 As of the census of 2000, there were 4,375 people, 1,464 households, and 1,124 families residing in the city https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

227. Dimmitt, Texas - Demographics 1 There were 1,464 households out of which 39.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.7% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.2% were non-families. 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.46. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

228. Dimmitt, Texas - Demographics 1 In the city the population was spread out with 33.4% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

229. Dimmitt, Texas - Demographics 1 The median income for a household in the city was $27,454, and the median income for a family was $33,885. Males had a median income of $24,575 versus $20,162 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,228. About 19.0% of families and 23.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.1% of those under age 18 and 16.4% of those age 65 or over. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

230. Dimmitt, Texas - Healthcare 1 Dimmitt is served by the Castro County Healthcare System. It also serves the surrounding county and the cities of Nazareth, Texas|Nazareth, and Hart, TX|Hart, Texas. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

231. Dimmitt, Texas - Notable people 1 * Junior Coffey Former NFL football player. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

232. Dimmitt, Texas - Notable people 1 * Kent Hance, former U.S. Representative from the South Plains|Texas South Plains, former member of the Texas Railroad Commission, and the chancellor of Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Texas|Lubbock since 2006, was born in Dimmitt and graduated in 1961 from Dimmitt High School. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

233. Dimmitt, Texas - Notable people 1 * Bluegrass music|Bluegrass musicians Smokey Mayfield (1924–2008), Thomas Edd Mayfield|Thomas Edward Edd Mayfield (1926–1958), and Herbert Mayfield|Herbert E. Mayfield (1920–2008) grew up in Dimmitt. Herb Mayfield lived there through adulthood and was a former president of the Dimmitt Rodeo Association. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

234. MedImmune 1 MedImmune acquired FluMist when it purchased Aviron in 2002 for United States dollar|US$ 1.5 billion https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

235. MedImmune 1 FluMist was approved for children two years of age and older in 2007, but initially was approved only for healthy people ages 5 to 49, a significant limitation because it eliminated a significant market—the millions of young children who find injections objectionable. Sales of FluMist fell short of analysts' expectations for the first two years the drug was sold. FluMist was initially sold in a frozen form, which was difficult for doctors to store. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

236. MedImmune 1 * [http://www.medimmune.co m Medimmune Company Site] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

237. MedImmune 1 * [http://www.flumist.com Flumist nasal flu vaccine - Official website] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

238. MedImmune 1 * Bishop, Tricia. MedImmune loss in '05 quadruples shortfall from '04 Baltimore Sun. 3 February 2006. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

239. MedImmune 1 * Rosenwald, Michael S. [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/content/article/2006/02/02/AR2006020 202320.html Sales of MedImmune's Flu Vaccine Drop Sharply] Washington Post. 3 February 2006. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

240. MedImmune 1 MedImmune conducted successful clinical trials for a new generation of FluMist needle-free vaccine, called CAIV-T, which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2007, and is now the form offered on the market. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

241. MedImmune - History 1 Molecular Vaccines, Inc. was founded by Wayne T. Hockmeyer in 1988. In 1989 MedImmune is incorporated under the name Molecular Vaccines, Inc and the name is changed to MedImmune, Inc. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

242. MedImmune - History 1 AstraZeneca presented the new MedImmune to investors on 7 December 2007.http://www.astrazeneca.com/media/l atest-press- releases/2007/5364?itemId=3891554 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

243. MedImmune - History 1 In June 2007, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) began enrolling participants in a H5N1 clinical trials|Phase 1 H5N1 study of an intranasal influenza vaccine candidate based on MedImmune's live, attenuated vaccine technology.[http://phx.corporate- ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=83037p=irol- newsArticle_PrintID=872852highlight= MedImmune] Press release MedImmune and National Institutes of Health Begin Clinical Testing of a Live, Attenuated Intranasal Vaccine Against an H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus published June 15, 2007 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

244. MedImmune - History 1 MedImmune then won a second contract to test its nasal spray flu technology as a viable treatment for the H1N1. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

245. MedImmune - History 1 MedImmune received approval from the U.S. FDA for its intranasal novel H1N1 influenza virus in September 2009. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

246. MedImmune - FluMist Distribution 1 In December 2012, MedImmune announced that it was shipping 13,000,000 doses of FluMist to distributors in time for the flu season. According to MedImmune, the company distributed FluMist to healthcare centers, public health departments, military bases, and retail pharmacies.Ted Purlain, [http://vaccinenewsdaily.com/vaccine_develo pment/321033-medimmune-begins-flumist- distribution/ MedImmune Begins FluMist Distribution ], Vaccine News Daily, 7 Dec 2012 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

247. MedImmune - Target Age Groups 1 A MedImmune senior executive told journalists that MedImmune wanted to focus immunization on eligible preschool- age and school-age children, adolescents, and adults up to age 49. The Food and Drug Administration|FDA approved the use of FluMist for people between age 2 and 49. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

248. MedImmune - Target Age Groups 1 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC recommends that everyone 6 months or older be vaccinated against the flu every year. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

249. MedImmune - Coverage 1 According to Vaccine News Daily, FluMist is covered by nearly 99 percent of private health plans that include immunizations. The vaccine will also be available for children in every state through the federally funded Vaccines for Children Program that administers vaccines to eligible children at no cost. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

250. Dimmit County, Texas 1 'Dimmit County' is a County (US)|county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 United States Census|2010 census, its population was 9,996. The county seat is Carrizo Springs, Texas|Carrizo Springs. The county was founded in 1858 and is named for Philip Dimmitt, a major figure in the Texas Revolution. The spelling of the county name and the spelling of the individual's name differ because of a misspelling error in the bill creating the county name. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

251. Dimmit County, Texas - Native Americans 1 Paleo-Indians artifacts indicate these people lived in Dimmit County as far back as 9200 BC. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

252. Dimmit County, Texas - Native Americans 1 Coahuiltecan Indians native to Dimmit County were later squeezed out by Apache and Comanche https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

253. Dimmit County, Texas - The Wild Horse Desert 1 The area between the Rio Grande and the Nueces River, which included Zavala County, became disputed territory known as the Wild Horse Desert, where neither the Republic of Texas nor the Mexican government had clear control https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

254. Dimmit County, Texas - County established and settlements 1 Dimmit County was officially established in 1858 from parts of Bexar County, Texas|Bexar, Webb County, Texas|Webb, Maverick County, Texas|Maverick, and Uvalde County, Texas|Uvalde counties. The county was organized in 1880. Carrizo Springs became the county seat. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

255. Dimmit County, Texas - County established and settlements 1 Early settlers found Dimmit County to be an abundant grassland with mesquite, oak, and ash trees and wildlife that included buffalo, deer, turkeys, wild horses, panthers, and javelinas. Artesian springs, bubbling up from a vast reservoir of underground water, fed into running streams that harbored giant catfish, crawfish, and mussels. Explorers found the area a good place to hunt wild mustangs, and to feed and water cattle. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

256. Dimmit County, Texas - County established and settlements 1 in 1865 with a group of fifteen families from Atascosa County, Texas|Atascosa County. Within two years, they were joined by a second group of settlers from Goliad County, Texas|Goliad County. Early dwellings were crude adobe structures or dugouts. In 1880, Levi English donated land for a county courthouse, schools, and churches in the town. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

257. Dimmit County, Texas - County established and settlements 1 Lawlessness, banditry, and in particular cattle rustling from both sides of the Mexican border, pervaded until the 1880s. Marshal King Fisher|J. King Fisher, managed to bring about a reduction in the lawlessness. King also staunchly enforced the “dry county” law once the residents voted to outlaw the sale of alcohol. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

258. Dimmit County, Texas - County established and settlements 1 Dimmit County’s first producing well was found in 1943. In 1980, Dimmit County farmers earned about $20 million for their crops, while about $60 million in oil and gas was produced. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

259. Dimmit County, Texas - County established and settlements 1 Formation of the 1914 White Man's Primary Association was designed to exclude Mexican Americans from any meaningful participation in county politics. In the 1944 Smith v. Allwright case, the United States Supreme Court found the White Primary to be unconstitutional. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

260. Dimmit County, Texas - Water 1 Irrigation helped make Dimmit County part of the Winter Garden Region|Texas Winter Garden Region. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

261. Dimmit County, Texas - Water 1 By the 1920s, however, artesian water began to dry up. The necessity of installing expensive pumps drove many farmers out of business. By 1934, the United States Department of the Interior concluded that the existing water supply would not support substantial additional development. By 1965 only about was being irrigated. Much of the land reverted to rangeland. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

262. Dimmit County, Texas - Oil 1 The Eagle Ford oil field was reported to be under development in 2011 with 3,000 wells projected to extract oil by hydraulic fracturing from tight shale formations. The oil play has improved business activity in the county but raised fears regarding the adequacy of water supplies as fracking requires injection of large quantities of water under pressure into wells to break surrounding rock. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

263. Dimmit County, Texas - Geography 1 According to the United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and (0.4%) is water. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

264. Dimmit County, Texas - Adjacent counties 1 *Frio County, Texas|Frio County (northeast) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

265. Dimmit County, Texas - Adjacent counties 1 *Maverick County, Texas|Maverick County (west) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

266. Dimmit County, Texas - Demographics 1 As of the census of 2000, there are 10,248 people, 3,308 households, and 2,646 families residing in the county https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

267. Dimmit County, Texas - Demographics 1 There are 3,308 households out of which 42.00% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.40% are Marriage|married couples living together, 17.20% have a female householder with no husband present, and 20.00% are non- families. 18.00% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.30% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.06 and the average family size is 3.48. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

268. Dimmit County, Texas - Demographics 1 In the county, the population is spread out with 33.20% under the age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 24.70% from 25 to 44, 20.70% from 45 to 64, and 12.60% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 94.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.10 males. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

269. Dimmit County, Texas - Demographics 1 The median income for a household in the county is $21,917, and the median income for a family is $24,579 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

270. Dimmit County, Texas - Politics 1 While the state of Texas went strongly for Republican Party (U.S.)|Republican George W. Bush in the U.S. Presidential election, 2004|2004 presidential election, Dimmit County, a traditional stronghold of the Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party, supported U.S. Senator John F. Kerry of Massachusetts, with 2,365 votes for Kerry to 1,188 for Bush. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

271. Dimmit County, Texas - Politics 1 From 1981-1988, the district attorney of Dimmit County was noted trial lawyer Julio A. Garcia of Laredo, Texas|Laredo. At the time the office included Webb County, Texas|Webb, Jim Hogg County, Texas|Jim Hogg, and Zapata County|Zapata counties as well as Dimmit. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

272. Dimmit County, Texas - Education 1 All of Dimmit County is served by the Carrizo Springs Independent School District. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

273. Esagil-kin-apli - Alamdimmû 1 Following the first twelve tablets of the Šumma alamdimmû proper, the work is subdivided into sections beginning with Šumma nigdimdimmû, “if the appearance” or “shape,” on two tablets, whose extant copies are too fragmentary to interpret. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

274. Esagil-kin-apli - Alamdimmû 1 The section named Šumma kataduggû, “if the utterance,” on one tablet describes the consequences of utterances and habitual conduct and shares characteristics with omens from the Šumma ālu, “if a city,” terrestrial omen series https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

275. Leicestershire and Rutland Wildlife Trust - Dimminsdale 1 :Located at the head - southern end - of Staunton Harold Reservoir, on the borders of Leicestershire and Derbyshire covers within a SSSI https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

276. Arthur Dimmesdale 1 'Arthur Dimmesdale' is a fictional character in the 1850 novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. A Puritan minister, he has fathered an illegitimate child, Pearl, with Hester Prynne and seeks to hide the truth of his relationship with her. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

277. Arthur Dimmesdale 1 Thus, Dimmesdale has been taken as an example of a conflict typical of Puritans (or seen as such by Hawthorne from his historical distance). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

278. Daylight harvesting - Control modules and dimming 1 Non-dimming variants include having multiple non-adjacent light fixtures such as alternate units in the ceiling 'grid layout,' or daylight source adjacent fixtures near windows or skylights, linked for X10 (industry standard)|module on-off switching https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

279. Daylight harvesting - Control modules and dimming 1 If a dimming system is well-calibrated, the occupants of the space will not notice changes in electric lighting due to daylight harvesting, whereas they are very likely to notice the changes due to on-off or step switching. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

280. For More Information, Visit: https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html The Art of Service https://store.theartofservice.com