2. Unit 2 English around the world

3. Read the explanation and speak out the word it explains.

4. n. 航行 ; 航海 voyage adj. 本国的 ; 本地的 n. 本地人 ; 本国人 native apartment n. 公寓住宅 ; 单元住宅 actually adv. 实际上 ; 事实上 AD 公元

5. vt. 以 …… 为根据 base n. 基部 ; 基地 ; 基础 gradual adj. 逐渐的 ; 逐步的 gradually adv. 逐渐地 ; 逐步地 Danish adj. 丹麦的 ; 丹麦人的 ; 丹麦语的 Communicate with 与 … 交流

6. n. 词汇 ; 词汇量 ; 词表 vocabulary n. 拼写 ; 拼法 spelling latter adj. 较后的 ; 后半的 ; ( 两者中 ) 后者的 identity n. 本身 ; 本体 ; 身份 fluent adj. 流利的 ; 流畅的 fluently adv. 流利地 ; 流畅地

7. n. 新加坡 ( 东南亚国家 )Singapore n. 马来西亚 ( 东南亚国家 ); 马 来群岛 Malaysia settler n. 移民者；定居者 especially adv. 尤其；格外；特别 separate adj. 单独的；独立的：不同的 rapidly adv. 立即，迅速地

8. because of come up at present make use of such as 遇到 现在 ; 目前 利用 ; 使用 例如 ……; 像这种的 因为 ; 由于 走近 ; 上来 ; 提出 Match

9. Reading THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH

10. Skimming to get general ideas

11. 1.The text mainly tells us ___________. A. that old English is different from the English today B. how Middle English formed C. English and its history D. that English will keep changing Reading Comprehension I Skimming

12. 2. The text is developed mainly by ____. A. place B. time C. people 3. At the end of the _____ century, about five to seven million people spoke English. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th

13. Scanning to get detail information

14. 1. From AD 450 to 1150, English sounded more like ________. A. French B. Chinese C. German D. Russian 2. By the ______ Shakespeare was able to use richer vocabulary than ever before. A. 1400’s B. 1150’s C. 450’s D. 1600’s Reading Comprehension II Scanning

15. 3. ________ may have the largest number of English learners. A. Australia B. China C. India D. Britain 4. Which of the following statements is true? A. Languages always stay the same. B. Languages change only after wars. C. Languages no longer change. D. Languages change when cultures meet and communicate with each other.

16. Scanning: I. Details for each paragraph. Para1. How many people spoke English at the end of the 16th century? About 5 to 7 million people. Para2. What do Americans say for the word “flat”? They say “apartment”.

17. The cause Between AD 450 and 1150 AD800 to 1500 Para3. Fill in the blanks according to it. Why has English changed over time? communicate with one another less like ;more like Based on Cultures German French

18. In the 1600’s Shakespeare enriched the. A big change happened in English In 1620 British settlers moved to Later in the 18 th century British people brought English to vocabulary Australia America.

19. Samuel Johnson Para4. Two important persons to define the English language. Noah Webster

20. Para5.1). Why does India take English as second language? India was ruled by Britain South African English Singapore English Malaysian English 2.) Can you find out any other kinds of English from this paragraph ?

21. True or false 1 English had the most speakers in the 17th century. 2 English developed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain. 3 Languages frequently change. 4 The language of the government is always the language of the country. 5 English is one of the official languages used in India. 6 This reading describes the development of the English language. Reading Comprehension III Scanning

22. Choose one of the topics below and discuss it with your partners. Discussion 1. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English?

23. As we all know, English is widely used in many fields, while Chinese is spoken by the largest number of speakers. Chinese will become an international language all over the world in the near future. 2. Why do you think more people in the world now want to learn Chinese?

24. Some people say that Chinese is a much more elegant language, so it is more important for us to master it and it is not so necessary to master foreign language. Do you agree with this opinion and why? Debate

25. Language points

26. Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution. 因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面 临绝种。 The police are advising motorists to reduce speed because of the fog. 由于有雾，警察告诫驾车者减慢速度。 1. because of 因为 ; 由于

27. 2. because of because of 是复合介词, 其后 接名词、代词或动名词, 或者 what 引导 的名词性从句. because 是连词，后接从句。 She came to school late because she got up late. She came to school late because of getting up late.

28. 根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。 因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼正在迅速 消失。 Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing __________ the severe pollution. Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing _______ the pollution is severe. because of because

29. 3. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. 把英语作为母语的人相互之间可以交流, 即使他们说的不是同一种英语。 even if = (even though) 是连词词组，用 来引导让步状语从句，意为 “ 尽管；即 使 ” 。

30. even if /even though even if 从句所说的不肯定；而 even though 从句所说的则是事实。 He will not let out the secret even if he knows it. He will not let out the secret even though he knows it. 他对秘密知道与否不一定 他知道这个秘密

31. 用 if, as if, even if 填空。 (1) _______ I had money, I wouldn’t buy it. (2) ____ I had money, I would buy it. (3) It looks ______ it is going to rain. (even if 引导让步状语从句 ; if 引导条件 状语从句 ; as if/ though “ 似乎是 ……” 引导方式状语从句 ) Even if If as if

32. native 可以作名词，意为： 本地人， 本国人；也可以作形容词，意为：本 国的，本土的。 1. When we’re on holiday in Greece, we live like the natives. 2. Are you a native of this country, or just a visitor?

33. 4. come up 上来, 走近 ; 被提出 ; 发芽 ; 升起 The final exam is coming up soon. It’s time for us to start our studies. Come up to the front of the room, please. 到来 走近

34. A few new questions came up at the meeting. The seeds come up in spring. 被提出 长出来

35. come up with 意为 “ 提出，想 出 ” 。如： He came up with a new suggestion. come across 偶然遇到或找到 come back 再现记忆 come down 传承, 按习惯通过 或处理

36. 5. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的, 而现代英语不是。 1)base v. 意为 “ 以 …… 为根据, 把基础设 在 ……”, 常构成短语 base sth. on/upon sth. 如：

37. This novel is based on fact. 这部小说是以事实为根据的。 This film is based on a novel by D. H. Lawrence.  base 还可用作名词, 意为 “ 底部, 基地, 基础 ” 等。

38. 用 base 的适当形式填空。 1. This book ________ on a true story. 2. Mary always ______ her ideas on scientific experiments. is based bases

39. 2) present adj. 当前的, 现在的 ( 作前置定语 ) Did you see the present national leaders? Can you tell us something about the present situation? 出席的, 在场的 ( 作表语或后置定语 ) Our teacher was present at the meeting. All the people present agree to my plan.

40. n. 目前, 现在 ; 礼物 I can’t spare time because I am busy at present. What present did you receive from your parents?

41. at present: now; at this time/moment She’s busy at present and can’t speak to you. 她现在很忙, 不能跟你谈话。 At present he is a professor of mathematics at Cambridge. 目前他是剑桥大学的数学教授。 for the present 暂时 in the present 目前，现在

42. vt. 赠与, 赠给予, 给, 提出 present sb. with sth. 或 present sth. to sb. 把 …… 交给, 颁发, 授予 如 : Mother presented a gift to me just now. On his birthday, his friends presented him with a series of readers /presented a series of readers to him. ( 送给他一套读本 )

43. 6. … Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 莎士比亚使用了比以前更为广泛的词 汇量。 make (good/full/no…) use of 使用 We could make good use of our resources.

44. Every minute should be made good use of.

45. 11. India has a very large number of fluent English speakers… a number of 大量的（其后谓语动词用复数） A number of people have came. the number of … 的数目（其后谓语动 词用单数）

46. 1.The number of people who can buy their own houses ___ more than 80%, but a number of houses ____. A. are, hasn ’ t been built B. are, has built C. is, haven ’ t been built D. is, have built 2.The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons. A. were ; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were C C

47. 归纳：只能修饰可数名词的： a large/ great/ good number of, a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few /many 只能修饰不可数名词的： a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little /much 既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的： plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of

48. such as 后面不加逗号用来列举事物时, 一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子且 所列举事物的数量不能等于它前面所提 到的总和, 一旦相等, 要用 that is 或 namely. I have three good friends, such as John, Jack and Tom. He can speak four languages, such as English and French. 7. such as & for example ×

49. for example 用来举例说明某一论点或情 况, 一般只举同类人或物中的 “ 一个 ” 为例, 作插入语, 可位于句首, 句中或句尾, 通常 与所给的例子用逗号隔开, 其后的例子可 以是从句。 Ball games, for example, have spread around the world. There are many kinds of pollution( 污染 ). Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution.

50. 9. Only time will tell. 时间会证明一切。 tell 知道, 判断 It’s hard to tell whether he is right. tell A from B: 区分，分别 Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?

51. 短语训练营 I. 请选用方框内所给短语的适当形式完 成下列句子。 such as because of base on come up believe it or not at the end of 1. He realized that she was crying __________ what he had said. 2. ______________, John has passed the driving test. because of Believe it or not

52. 3. This book is ________ a true story. 4. A beggar ________ to us and asked for money. 5. They had an English exam __________ last month. 6. Girls _______ Ann and Lucy are very friendly. such as based on came up at the end of such as because of base on come up believe it or not at the end of

53. II. 用适当的介词填空。 1. You’d better make full use __ your time. 2. You will find the hospital __ the end of the road. 3. The church is close __ the school. of at to

54. 4. We have friends all ____ the world. 5. As everybody knows, China has the largest number ___ people. 6. ___ the 1980s, he went to America. over of In

55. III. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字 母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。 1. It was easy to tell the n_____ from the tourists. 2. There was no need to pay rent for an empty a________. 3. There are many s______ mistakes; even so it’s quite a good essay. natives spelling apartment

56. 4. We still don’t know the i______ of the other man in the picture. 5. The ten most f_______ asked questions are listed below. 6. Reading is one of the best ways of improving your __________ （词汇 量）. identity frequent vocabulary

57. 7. As the weeks passed, I ________ （逐渐 地） loved to live there. 8. He was the son of a(n) ______ （丹麦的） father and a British mother. 9. One can travel there by ship or plane. Most people choose the _____ （后者）. 10. She speaks ______ （流利的） though not very correct English. fluently latter gradually Danish

58. Quiz II: Multiple choice 1. — Do you think it's a good idea to make friends with your students? — _____, I do. I think it's a great idea. (2009 安徽 ) A. Really B. Obviously C. Actually D. Generally

59. 2. In the good care of the nurses, the boy is ____ recovering from his heart operation. (2009 浙江 ) A. quietly B. actually C. practically D. gradually 3. It is reported that many a new house _______ at present in the disaster area. (2010 陕西 ) A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built

60. 1. He was a young sailor on his first sea v______. 2. I'll give you the keys to my _________ ( 公寓住宅 ). 3. I didn't _______ (really) see her - I just heard her voice. 4. I spend a lot of time in Brussels, but London is still my _____ ( 基地 ). 5. _________ (Slowly), she realized that he wasn't telling her the truth. Quiz III: Fill in the blanks. voyage apartment actually base Gradually

61. 6. Every week our French teacher gives us a list of ___________ (= words) to learn. 7. My computer has a program which corrects my s_______. 8. The man's ________ ( 身份 ) was being kept secret while he was helping police with enquiries. 9. Building of the new library should begin in the la____ part of next year. 10. I'd like to speak English f_______. vocabulary spelling identity latter fluently

62. Quiz IV: Translation. 1. 现在的青年人比以往任何时候都有更 多的机会。 The youth of today has greater opportunities _______________. 2. 即使下雨我们也要去。 We'll go ________ it rains. than ever before even if

63. 3. 随着时间的推移，你将会逐步看到这 种变化。 Now you will see this change gradually _________. 4. 那时罗马人统治着一个很大的帝国。 ___________ the Romans controlled a vast empire. That sum of money is to cover costs ______ travel and accommodation. 5. 那笔钱会包含像交通住宿这样的费用。 At that time such as over time