1. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 1 of 25 PowerPoint presentation Key trades Hazards Unit 101: Structure of the construction industry

2. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 2 of 25 Key trades The main tradespeople you are likely to come across on site are: Plumber Electrician Carpenter Bricklayer Plasterer

3. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 3 of 25 Key trades Plumber These tradespeople will be responsible for installing the hot and cold water systems, central heating systems, sanitation and drainage systems within a domestic property. This will include any pipework, valves and appliances, such as a bathroom suite, radiators, boilers and controllers. Video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=uImg51xG7-0

4. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 4 of 25 Key trades Electrician These tradespeople will be responsible for installing the wiring for the lighting and power supply in a domestic property. This will include different cables and wires to suit the installation as well as the sockets, switches and light fittings. Video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=ydwW8lmzog8

5. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 5 of 25 Key trades Carpenter These tradespeople will be responsible for installing all the wooden fixtures within a domestic property. Carpenters can also be known as joiners. Work can include hanging doors, windows installation, timber roof structures, skirting and architrave. Video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=n5q-p366o-M

6. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 6 of 25 Key trades Bricklayer These tradespeople will be responsible for installing all the brickwork, stonework and concrete blocks as required. This will include the internal and external walls of the property, doorways, window opening, any archways and ornamental brickwork. Video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kl11p12mlRs

7. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 7 of 25 Key trades Plasterer These tradespeople will be responsible for carrying out all the plastering within the property on the walls and ceilings. This can include dry lining, textured finishes and coving. Some plasterers will also render external walls. Video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=16ZtFro1khg

8. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 8 of 25 Hazards Electric shocks Electric shocks are a real hazard on a construction site and within a customer’s property. Great care must always be taken to avoid an electric shock by looking after any electrical equipment, carrying out regular inspections of electrical equipment and through the correct use of electrical equipment.

9. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 9 of 25 Hazards Burns Burns are also a common hazard. Any ‘hot work’, such as welding and soldering, can leave components very hot. To avoid burns, the correct use of PPE will be required and the use of warning signs may also be required. You can also receive a burn from chemicals and as a consequence of an electric shock.

10. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 10 of 25 Hazards Cut and abrasions These are a common hazard in working life. Many cuts and abrasions to the hands, arms and body can be avoided by the correct use of PPE.

11. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 11 of 25 Hazards Dust inhalation Dust inhalation can seriously affect the operative’s lungs. Whether the operative is grinding, using powder or creating sawdust, a dust mask or face mask should be used. The correct breathing apparatus should be used for the specific situation.

12. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 12 of 25 Hazards Working at heights Working at heights is always a hazard; even if falling a short distance from the ground, a person can be seriously injured. Good training in the use of access equipment is essential for all tradespeople.

13. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 13 of 25 Hazards Lifting and carrying Lifting and carrying items on site poses a real hazard especially to your back. Damage can occur when lifting incorrectly, carrying items that are too heavy or accidently dropping items on your foot. Again, correct training in manual handling is essential, along with the correct use of PPE would minimise the risk.

14. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 14 of 25 Hazards Solvents Solvents are used on site quite often and create significant hazards. They are commonly used for cleaning and joining plastic components. Training in the correct use of solvents is required and following the manufacturer’s recommendations is essential.

15. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 15 of 25 Hazards Vapours Vapours from various chemicals used on site can be harmful. Care needs to be taken to avoid mixing cleaning chemicals as this could result in dangerous vapours. Chemicals that create vapours must be used in well-ventilated areas and in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.

16. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 16 of 25 Hazards Asbestos Asbestos is a significant hazard, particularly when working in older properties. It is a fibrous material that was commonly used in the construction trade and which has subsequently been found to be highly dangerous: If asbestos is suspected to have been found on site, you must stop work and report it to your supervisor. More information can be found at www.hse.gov.uk/asbestos/videos/cmorganlong.htm

17. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 17 of 25 Hazards Vibration Vibration is a hazard created by many of the power tools commonly used on site. In especially bad cases, white finger syndrome could be caused. Power tools should be used only for short periods and with regular breaks. Correct training and the use of PPE can reduce the risk from vibration.

18. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 18 of 25 Hazards Noise Noise can be a hazard, especially when using power tools. Excess noise can permanently damage your hearing and leave your ears ‘ringing’ when you have finished work. Once again, the correct training and use of PPE will reduce the risk of injury.

19. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 19 of 25 Hazards Extreme temperatures Extreme temperatures can be experienced in the workplace, whether in a customer’s loft on a hot summer’s day or outside during winter. They can also be caused by industrial coolers or industrial dryers. Prior to work starting, the correct PPE will need to be chosen, including for adverse weather conditions. This may also include the use of sunblock.

20. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 20 of 25 Hazards Slips, trips and falls These can be avoided on site through good workmanship. Tidying up after you, not leaving trailing leads, storing items neatly and informing the customer can all contribute to avoiding these situations.

21. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 21 of 25 Hazards Sparks Sparks are created by the use of grinders. They are hot pieces of material that fly through the air. Eye protection and sometimes a dust mask should be worn to avoid a potential accident.

22. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 22 of 25 TripSlipDust FumesSparksUneven surface

23. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 23 of 25 Fire hazards Bad housekeepingIncorrect manual handlingWorking at heights Damaged toolsChemical storage

24. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 24 of 25 PPE is supplied by the employer and is designed to protect users against common onsite hazards. PPE

25. Level 1 Diploma in Plumbing Studies © 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 25 of 25 Any questions?