1. African Kingdoms WHI.10d

2. African Kingdoms

3. What were the characteristics of civilizations in sub-Saharan Africa during the medieval period?

4. African civilizations developed in sub-Saharan west and east Africa.

5. Trade brought important economic, cultural, and religious influences to African civilizations from other parts of the Eastern Hemisphere.

6. States and empires flourished in Africa during the medieval period, including Ghana, Mali, and Songhai in west Africa, Axum in east Africa, and Zimbabwe in southern Africa.

7. Axum Location relative to the Ethiopian Highlands and the Nile River Christian kingdom

10. Zimbabwe- 1240-1660 Location relative to the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers and the Indian Ocean coast Location relative to the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers and the Indian Ocean coast City of “Great Zimbabwe” as capital of a prosperous empire City of “Great Zimbabwe” as capital of a prosperous empire Name “Zimbabwe” means “Stone Building”.

11. Indian Ocean Zimbabwe Zambezi River Limpopo River

12. West African Kingdoms Location of Ghana, Mali, Songhai empires relative to Niger River and the Sahara Location of Ghana, Mali, Songhai empires relative to Niger River and the Sahara Importance of gold and salt to trans-Saharan trade Importance of gold and salt to trans-Saharan trade Click on picture to see map

13. City of Timbuktu as center of trade and learning Role of animism and Islam

14. SSundiata- King of Mali Mansa Musa- King of Mali-richest man 2 trading cities Timbuktu and Gao—Timbukto center of trade 2 major mosque learning centers Timbuktu and Djenne Kilwa- near Zimbabwe- center of trade for Islamic traders on Indian Ocean trade routes/near Somalia today– Swaiziland, Tanzania Language – Swahili- combination of Bantu- African base root language and Arabic –Islamic traders language