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Volcanoes and You. 1. What is a volcano? A volcano is a mountain that forms when layers of lava and volcanic ash erupt and build up around a vent.

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Presentation on theme: "Volcanoes and You. 1. What is a volcano? A volcano is a mountain that forms when layers of lava and volcanic ash erupt and build up around a vent."— Presentation transcript:

1 Volcanoes and You

2

3 1. What is a volcano? A volcano is a mountain that forms when layers of lava and volcanic ash erupt and build up around a vent.

4 Active v. Dormant Volcanoes Most of Earth’s volcanoes are dormant, meaning not active. There are over 600 active volcanoes currently on Earth. Active means erupted in the last 1,000 years.

5 Where is the nearest volcano to Tucson located?

6 Is it A-Mountain? A-Mountain is composed of igneous extrusive rocks, but is not itself a volcano

7 What about Picacho Peak? Picacho Peak, which you pass when going to Phoenix, is made up of igneous rocks. Like A- Mountain, it looks like a volcano, but it is not one.

8 Nearest local volcano to us... Sunset crater, near Flagstaff, which last erupted in 1065.

9 2. Features of a volcano Magma – melted rock/molten material below Earth’s surface. Vent – Opening in Earth’s surface where magma can flow out. Lava – Magma that has flowed out of the Earth’s surface. Crater – Opening at the top of a volcano Ash and Gas – Explode out of the crater.

10 Magma Features of a volcano

11 3. Where do volcanoes occur? Volcanoes can occur at 3 places 1.Divergent boundaries – an area where Earth’s tectonic plates are moving away from each other. Diagram: Example: volcanos in Iceland

12 Divergent volcanoes in Iceland

13 Where do volcanoes occur? Volcanoes can occur at 3 places 2.Convergent boundaries – an area where Earth’s tectonic plates collide into each other. Volcanoes form when one plate subducts, or slides under the other plate. Diagram: Example: Andes Mountains in South America, Cascade Mountains in NW USA

14 Convergent volcanoes

15 Mt. St. Helens...before and after 1980 erruption

16 Where do volcanoes occur? Volcanoes can occur at 3 places 3.Hot spots – parts of Earth’s mantle that are hotter than surrounding material, forming melted rock which rises to the surface as magma. Diagram: Example: Hawaiian Islands

17 Hawaiian volcanoes http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/ca m/http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/ca m/ for live web cam of Pu’u O’o crater

18 Hot spot is making the Hawaiian Islands

19

20 4. 2 types of volcanic eruptions Magma that contains trapped gases causes eruptions to be explosive. Think of shaking a can of soda and then opening it. Explosive eruptions have a lot of silica in the magma, for example melted granitic rocks. Mt. St. Helens is a good example of an explosive volcano. Magma with little silica is effusive and flows quietly from the volcano. Quiet eruptions have basaltic magma. Good examples of quiet eruptions are Hawaii and Iceland.

21 5. 3 types of volcanoes, based on material and eruption style Shield volcanoes - are broad, gently sloping volcanoes built from fluid basaltic lavas.

22 3 types of volcanoes Composite volcanoes - composed of both lava flows and pyroclastic material. They tend to have steep sides, and can have explosive eruptions.

23 3 types of volcanoes Cinder cone- forms when material is ejected high into the air and falls back to Earth as a pile around the vent. Usually small, with lots of water and gas in the magma.

24 Compare sizes of volcanoes

25 What would Earth be like without volcanoes? Write down 2 ways Earth would be different on your notes sheet.

26 Mt. Saint Helens eruption - 8:27 am

27 8:32 am

28 8:33 am

29 New lava dome in Mt. St. Helens

30 Fuego Volcano in Guatemala

31 Colima volcano in Mexico

32 Mt. Wrangell in Alaska

33 Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa

34 Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines

35 Mt. Fuji in Japan

36 Mt. Krakatoa, Sumatra

37

38 http://www.history.com/shows/how-the-earth-was-made/videos/the-krakatoa- volcano

39 Add these notes to our Table of Contents!

40 Photo and image credits http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/volcanoe s/images/010103_nps_volcanoe19.jpg&imgrefurl=http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/v olcanoes/&h=200&w=250&sz=9&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=p3IWTtsd- waSJM:&tbnh=89&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dvolcanoes%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den %26lr%3D%26sa%3DG http://ww2.lafayette.edu/~malincol/Geol120/composite.GIF http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cpluhna.nau.edu/images/wupatk1.jpg&imgref url=http://www.cpluhna.nau.edu/Places/wupatki.htm&h=224&w=378&sz=19&hl=en&start=2&tbnid =ZokkTQZIuvP9fM:&tbnh=72&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsunset%2Bcrater%2Barizona% 26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN http://www.biocom.arizona.edu/photography/images/projects/architecture_03.jpg http://www.starmanseries.com/library/PachinoPeak.JPG http://www.phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.gotoWebCode&wcprefix=cue &wcsuffix=3100http://www.phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.gotoWebCode&wcprefix=cue &wcsuffix=3100 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/414 86000/jpg/_41486814_volc_bbc_203.jpg&imgrefurl=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tec h/4846574.stm&h=300&w=203&sz=16&hl=en&start=6&tbnid=XE3EeVJzq71i- M:&tbnh=116&tbnw=78&prev=/images%3Fq%3DIceland%2Bvolcano%26svnum%3D 10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG

41 Photo and image credits http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/volcanoe s/images/010103_nps_volcanoe19.jpg&imgrefurl=http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/v olcanoes/&h=200&w=250&sz=9&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=p3IWTtsd- waSJM:&tbnh=89&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dvolcanoes%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den %26lr%3D%26sa%3DG http://ww2.lafayette.edu/~malincol/Geol120/composite.GIF http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cpluhna.nau.edu/images/wupatk1.jpg&imgref url=http://www.cpluhna.nau.edu/Places/wupatki.htm&h=224&w=378&sz=19&hl=en&start=2&tbnid =ZokkTQZIuvP9fM:&tbnh=72&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsunset%2Bcrater%2Barizona% 26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN http://www.biocom.arizona.edu/photography/images/projects/architecture_03.jpg http://www.starmanseries.com/library/PachinoPeak.JPG http://www.phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.gotoWebCode&wcprefix=cue &wcsuffix=3100http://www.phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.gotoWebCode&wcprefix=cue &wcsuffix=3100 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/414 86000/jpg/_41486814_volc_bbc_203.jpg&imgrefurl=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tec h/4846574.stm&h=300&w=203&sz=16&hl=en&start=6&tbnid=XE3EeVJzq71i- M:&tbnh=116&tbnw=78&prev=/images%3Fq%3DIceland%2Bvolcano%26svnum%3D 10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG

42 Photo and image credits http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.math.mcmaster.ca/~bprotas/Pictures/kraflagos673.jpg&imgref url=http://www.math.mcmaster.ca/~bprotas/cabinet.html&h=794&w=800&sz=68&hl=en&start=15&tbnid=N27CCS9 JrqB3jM:&tbnh=142&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DIceland%2Bvolcano%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26l r%3D%26sa%3DG http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.photoseek.com/ 99SHU-01-22- MtShuksan,PictureLake.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.photoseek.com/w a2usa.html&h=441&w=325&sz=81&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=4xfwvuNj QgexzM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=94&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcascades% 2Bmountains%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3D G http://www.nps.gov/archive/havo/home.htm http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://filebox.vt.edu/artsci/g eology/mclean/Dinosaur_Volcano_Extinction/media/hotspotL.gif&im grefurl=http://filebox.vt.edu/artsci/geology/mclean/Dinosaur_Volcano _Extinction/pages/hot_spot.html&h=365&w=508&sz=13&hl=en&star t=1&tbnid=6RT0yxvUco93hM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=131&prev=/images% 3Fq%3D%2B%2522hotspot%2522%2Bvolcano%26svnum%3D10% 26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG

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