1. Bell Work: Please pick up an Essay Peer Review handout from the front table and take out your essay rough draft. Find a partner to exchange essays with and trade papers. Use the first 15 minutes of class today to score their essay using the front side of the handout. Make sure to fill in any information requested on the front of the sheet. Friday, January 17 th

2. Daily Agenda:  Bell-Ringer: Essay Peer Review  Word of the Day Review  Writing Workshop: The Comparison Essay  Lecture: River Valley Civilizations  Essay Revision  Discussion: turnitin.com Homework: Finish final draft of essay and submit to turnitin.com. Essential Question: What do AP graders expect in an essay? How do I plan, organize, and write an AP comparison essay?

3. January 17, Block 1 GERRYMANDER- to divide a geographic area into voting districts so as to give unfair advantage to one party in elections Review Slide for Monday Pronunciation Modern Day Gerrymandering Click on the link above to view a clip from January 17, 2013, The Rachel Maddow Show where Rachel clearly and expertly explains how she believes Republicans gerrymandered and rigged the 2012 House election / vote so that fewer Republican votes elected more Republicans than Democrats and how they plan to gerrymander and rig the 2016 Presidential election / vote. (Like other political talk shows, this is subject to the commentators opinion.)

4. The Comparison Essay Guidelines and Expectations for Good AP Writing

5. Compare and Contrast

6. Know the Rubric  Comparison means to say what is the same and what is different.  This says at LEAST one – you need THREE – Rule of 3!!!  Analyze means to say “why” – why is there a difference or similarity (or to what degree)

7. Tackle the Question

8. Brainstorm Quickly

9. So how do I set up my essay?  Remember you only get points for pointing out the similarities and differences.  Consider the following…

10. If you do the following… Where are you going to compare and contrast???

11. The following also has some issues Can work, but not always

12. Best format to get POINTS This requires a lot of prewriting – if you have time, do this!!!

13. Use Outline Thesis – Same as before – answer question, use groups, and give hints Political Goals and Outcomes Economic Goals and Outcomes Military Goals and Outcomes Evidence (at least 3 detailed comparisons) Conclusion

14. Common Problems  Describing the two things/events separately (with great evidence) but never comparing and/or contrasting – NO POINTS FOR DESCRIBING  Confusing dates, people, and places  Running out of time and not finishing

15. Thesis and Introduction  Length: 3-7 sentences  Organization: Background Argument Roadmap  Background: Attention-Getter (prove you understand history/set the stage). Set the stage for your thesis.  Argument (Thesis): Must be explicit, comparative, and avoid restating question.  Roadmap: Indirectly describe how you will support your thesis (can be part of thesis)

16. Body Paragraphs  Length: About 7 sentences  Organization: Topic sentence, evidence, analysis (repeat the last two three times)  DON”T just talk about one, then talk about the other (parallel structure)  Make DIRECT comparisons, and use effective transitions  Use body paragraphs to prove or support your thesis  Explain, don’t just list similarities and differences (analysis)

17. Conclusion  No points can be taken off for not having a conclusion  But, it is your final chance to make sure that your argument is not lost (back-up thesis?)  This is your chance to show you recognize the significance of your argument (Your answer to “So What?”)

18. Mini-Lecture: Early Civilizations

19. 1. Where did the earliest civilizations form and why?  River Valleys  Nile  Tigris / Euphrates  Indus  Huang He / Yangtze  Rivers provided irrigation, drinking water, and transportation  Why not other rivers?

20.  Egypt  Divine rule; pharaoh = god; bureaucracy  Mesopotamia  Lugals = “Big Men;” strong armies (Assyrians); use of priests  China  Mandate of Heaven (Divine Right); Confucian beliefs (Social Roles)  India  Samsara and caste system (social institutions) )) 2. What different forms of rule did the earliest civilizations use to keep order?

21.  Free vs. Slave (Mesopotamia especially)  Land ownership (China)  Occupation  India  Mesopotamia  Egypt  Gender 3. What factors helped determine the social structures of various early civilizations?

22.  Egypt  Gods controlled environment  beneficial flooding = nice gods; unified religion due to geographic isolation  Mesopotamia  Violent floods = Angry, vengeful gods; introduction of new religions (Judaism, Zoroastrianism, etc.) due to geographic “openness”  China  Mandate of Heaven illustrated by natural disasters 4. Explain the interconnection between geography and religion in two early civilizations.

23.  All Neolithic societies  women no longer play as much of a role in food acquisition  China  Confucianism held women in lower status than any male; men must “protect” women  India  Aryan beliefs made women the equivalent to lowest caste; sati  Egypt  Limited protections and rights for women, but not equivalent of men (few female leaders)  Mesopotamia  No female “Lugals” = no legal equality for women 5. Was there gender equality in early societies? If not, what prevented it?

24. Turnitin.com  Using the link on the “Useful Links” page of the class wiki, register for or log-in to your turnitin.com account.  After getting logged-in, you will need to use the tab on your dashboard to “Enroll in a Class.” Use 6874859 for your class I.D. and WHAP for the class password.  Once you are enrolled, you should notice your first assignment waiting for you. While you wait for everyone else to get registered, click on the various tabs of your dashboard to familiarize yourself with the functions of this site.

25. Exchange your essay with a different partner. Using the back of the peer review handout, assist your partner in revising their essay. Make sure to fill in all of the requested information Essay Revision