1. Monitoring/Sampling Mahs Gas Company, Inc.

2. Why? Where? When? Who? How? So What? At the end of this session, you may wish you didn’t learn the answers!

3. Types of Contaminants 2:12

4. How Big is Small? 1 micron = 1/millionth of a meter P100 99.97%

5. Asbestos – A Naturally Occurring Mineral Chrysotile or “White” Asbestos Fibers OSHA PEL = 0.1 f/cc

6. Vermiculite-containing Tremolite Asbestos Attic Insulation Vermiculite Insulation: Hazardous Waste

7. Styrene Tank Car Spill OSHA PEL = 100 ppm

8. How Big is Small? – PPM PPM is a way of expressing very dilute concentrations of substances. Just as per cent (%) means out of a hundred, so parts per million or ppm means out of a million. PPM also often describes the concentration of something in water or soil. One (1) ppm is equivalent to 1 milligram of something per liter of water (mg/l) or 1 milligram of something per kilogram soil (mg/kg). 2:12;14

9. Parts Per Million 1 ppm is like: 1 drop in 18 gallons, 1 inch in 16 miles, 1 second in 11.5 days, 1 minute in 2 years, 1 car in bumper-to-bumper traffic from Cleveland to San Francisco, 1 penny in $10,000, and 1 dime in a 1-mile-high stack of pennies. 2:14

10. Galena (rock) = Lead OSHA PEL = 50 μg/m 3 TWA

11. Particulate(s) – Dust 1kg = 1000g; 1g = 1000mg 1mg = 0.001g; 1 ug = 0.000001g Kilogram (kg) There are 1,000 grams in a kilogram. One kg = 2.205 lb. Gram (g) A gram is 1/1000th of a kilogram (0.001 kg). (one cubic centimeter = 1 cc = 1 cm 3 of water weighs 1 gram) 454 g = 1 lb; 1g is the weight of a packet of Sweet ‘N Low or a $1 bill. Milligram (mg) 1 milligram = 0.001 grams, or 1,000 mg = 1 g. One crushed aspirin dispersed in the air = 325 mg/m 3. Microgram (μg) 1 microgram = 0.001 milligram (one thousandth of a milligram) = 0.000001 grams, or 1,000,000 μg = 1 g. 2:12

12. Monitoring/Sampling Methods Part 1

13. Wipe Sampling: Laboratory Dust Analysis

14. Lead-based Paint Chip: Laboratory Analysis

15. XRF* Sampling: Looking for Metals * X-Ray Fluorescence

16. Soil Sampling

17. Bulk Sampling for Dust/Fibers Polarized Light Microscope

18. Dust and/or Fiber Personal Air Sampling Phase Contrast Microscope 8:5-6

19. Flow Adjustment Field Calibration 8:6;15

20. Factory Calibration for the Personal Air Sampling Pump 8:15

21. Katrina: Personal Air Sampling Cassette in “Breathing Zone”

22. Monitoring/Sampling Methods Part 2 - Gas and Vapors 8:3

23. Oxygen Deficient Atmosphere … is an atmosphere with an oxygen content below 19.5% by volume. All oxygen deficient atmospheres are considered IDLH. Oxygen content 0%20.9%19.5% OSHA - Oxygen deficiency exists 8:4

24. Explosive/Flammable Range The range or limit (high and low) that the vapors will be mixed sufficiently in air to ignite. Ideal Percentage (%) of fuel to air ratio LEL Too Much Too Rich UEL LEL 1.4% UEL 11.4% Too Little Too Lean 2:29

25. HW Level B Doing Real-Time or Direct Sampling 8:7

26. PRCS Monitoring 8:8;16 

27. A Late 1990s 2 – Gas Meter Microguard O2O2 LEL

28. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S Mid-1990s 4-Gas Meter “Passport” New Model

29. Current Single Gas Meters

30. Current 2 – 4 Gas Meters

31. 2 Gas Meter

32. Draw Pump 8:9;16

33. Instruction Sheet Color Change – “greyish-green” “Perform 10 pump strokes” “Read concentration at end of color zone within 2 minutes…” “Up to ‘+/-’ 15% in the range above 1000 ppm … 25% in the range 500 –1000 ppm.”

34. Pump Setup 8:16

35. Takin’ a Draw

36. 1 or 4 Gas – Draw Pump

37. New Generation Draw Pumps The Toximeter II Automatic Detector Tube Pump makes the sampling process easier, allowing the user to preset the number of pump strokes (from 1 to 250 pump strokes). Intrinsically safe, the automatic pump works with all MSA detector tubes. It can also be used as a sampling pump.

38. 1 st Responder Classifier Strips

40. Monitoring & Sampling Methods Part 3 - Environmental

41. Monitoring Air Flow Velometer

42. Velometer Tells Us EBC Is 7 enough?

43. Passive Dosimeter 1.Not electronic 2.No pump 3.No exhaust 4.One time use 5.This one has to be evaluated at a laboratory 6.Other PDs change color – can you think of one type? Formaldehyde

44. Radiation Badges

45. Audio/Noise Monitoring

46. Heat Stress This heat stress monitor measures and displays heat stress index, black globe temperature, air temperature and relative humidity. Direct reading of Wet Bulb, Dry Bulb, Vernon Globe equivalent, WBGT(in), WBGT(out) temperatures at 95% responded level in less than 4.5 minutes Accurate - Displays to 1/10th degree. 8:16

47. Orange County, Southern Cal

48. Why? Where? When? Who? How? So What?

49. Suite 1000, 8484 Georgia Ave. Silver Spring, MD 20910 Main Phone: 301-578-8500 Main Fax: 301-578-8572 www.cpwr.com Don Ellenberger Environmental Hazard Training Director DonEllenberger@cpwr.com Phone: 301-495-8504 Fax: 301-578-4190