1. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Unit 11 Finishing Wood

2. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Preparing Wood for Finishes Remove dents, high spots, glue stains, and sand to a smooth surface Protect sanded boards with cloth or paper Do not sand pencil marks

3. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Filling Holes Wood-filling materials work well when –dowels or nails are set below the surface –a puncture is small in diameter Products –putty and glazing compound –plastic wood –putty stick

4. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Finishing Tips Use clear finish on expensive wood with an attractive grain Use an opaque stain or paint to cover an unattractive grain Paint or opaque stains require less sanding

5. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Sanding Edges and ends worked down with a file or cutting tool Sand face of board with a power sander or sanding block Always do final sanding with the grain After sanding, wrap wood in cloth or paper

6. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Clear Finishes Five Types –oil –varnish –polyurethane –lacquer –shellac

7. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Oil One of the oldest finishes Apply with a soft lint-free cloth After first coat dries, sand with 220 grit (or finer) until smooth Apply several coats Disadvantages –finish becomes darker over time –may need to be reapplied over time

8. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Varnish Mixture of a different oils Apply two coats Requires a sealer coat Disadvantages –softer than most modern finishes –turns dark and becomes soft over time

9. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Polyurethane Clear, durable, water-resistant High gloss or satin finish Two or three coats Not easily removed once dry

10. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Lacquer Requires its own thinner Dries almost instantly if sprayed on Slower drying when brushed on Provides a good protective finish Disadvantage –cannot be applied over paint

11. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Shellac One of the oldest clear finishes Derived from shellac beetle secretions Easiest to apply/safest finish to work with Comes in a variety of grades Disadvantages –short shelf life –not as water-resistant as other finishes

12. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Solvents and Thinners Five most commonly used solvents –denatured alcohol –turpentine –paint thinners –varsol –lacquer thinner

13. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Important Terms Finish: chemical layer that protects the surface Putty/glazing compound: soft filling material containing oil Pliable: gives if pushed or pulled Plastic wood: soft filler that dries very quickly when unsealed Wood filler: thick stain that fills the pores of open-grained woods