1. SOWK 4007 COMMUNITY/ MACRO THEORY & PRACTICE SESSION 4, WINTER 2016 Understanding & Applying Macro Theory https://openclipart.org/detail/117181/community-by-merlin2525 http://pixabay.com/es/organizaci%C3%B3n-trabajo-en-equipo-peces-152809/

2. We Shall Be Free - Garth Brooks Daily dose of Inspiration

3. Agenda

4. Today we will… Course objectives 1. Understand macro practice theory in terms of its historical development, philosophical foundations, and current social and political cultural contexts. 5. Critically analyze and evaluate community practice theories in terms of their applicability to multicultural and historically oppressed populations and the social work mandate for social justice. 9. Demonstrate awareness of and critically discuss the implications of ethnic background, culture, gender, age, sexual orientation, religion, socioeconomic class and disability on community theory and practice.

5. Why Theory? Social Work Practice: An Empowering Approach Guides our practice throughout the problem solving process… “...helps us understand and think about the phenomena...help us to make decisions about how to intervene” (Hardcastle, Powers, and Winocur, 2004, p. 34)

6. Theory Descriptive theories - Help to understand how communities function, residents adapt to change, Prescriptive - How to intervene for change, how people can be organized to take power

7. Ecological Theory Think of habitat, also know as population ecology Systems Theory Interrelated systems and relationships Social Learning Theory Cognitions and perceptions impact orientation to world and engagement in the change process Reality Construction Objective facts do not exist apart from subjective meanings that people attach to them Social Exchange Theory & Power Interdependence and power - use of power balancing strategies Interorganizational Theory Organizations domain determines purpose, claim for resources; organizations exist in constantly changing environment

8. Conflict Theory Recognize the existence of conflict, social change is pervasive, consciousness raising activities to understand condition and activate Motivational Theory Examine individual motives that influence collectivism, guide definition of success and failure Critical Theory Criticize and change society, interrogate knowledge, question and examine Feminist Social Theory Relinquish conventional wisdom, discern absences - who is missing? Examine ways of knowing Chaos Theory Emerged from physical sciences, dynamic view of reality, view chaos as a beneficial force How tiny change in initial conditions have major consequences

9. MATCH THE THEORY

11. Historical Trauma ❏ Collective complex trauma inflicted on a group of people who share a specific group identity or affiliation (ethnicity, nationality, or affiliation) ❏ Collective and cumulative emotional wounding across generations that results from cataclysmic events targeting a community ❏ The trauma is held personally and collectively and is transmitted over generations. Thus, even family members who have not directly experienced the trauma can feel the effects of the event generations later. Three Distinguishing Characteristics 1.Generally widespread among indigenous communities, at time of the event, many people experienced or were affected by the event 2.Events generate high levels of collective distress and mourning in contemporary communities 3.Events usually perpetrated by outsiders with purposeful and often destructive intent

12. Traumatic Events HistoricContemporary Communally-based incidents that cause catastrophic upheaval or high levels of community distress among and within communities Events include planned phenomenon by government and government-sponsored institutions (e.g., boarding school, massacres, slavery, aftermath of Katrina) Environmental trauma (e.g., radioactive dumping into rivers, global warming) Spiritual trauma (prohibition or imprisonment for practicing traditions, forced religion) Contemporary assaults at rates much higher than the national average Microaggressions · Covert · Overt · Daily discriminatory stressors

13. http://thegraphicsfairy.com/wp-content/uploads/blogger/_CarNcodpCMA/SnjIZKJazMI/AAAAAAAAEBc/Da1SLklUSSA/s400/matchnomatch.jpg

14. Assignment 3: Community Asset Mapping Opportunity to apply theories, models and skills of foundational level community assessment #1 Group Paper: Background & Information Asset-mapping Theoretical application Power Analysis #2 Individual Reflection Paper Critical analysis of group’s work Self reflection of future community work #3 Final Group Presentation Select community problem/ issue for action based on analysis of community - significant to community Create a digital media presentation to share with our learning community

15. Learning Collective Tasks: How will you gather information about the community? Discuss theories that may guide your information gathering. Select one theory and create a human sculpture to share with the class Process: Share how you each take in and process information. Decide how you will divide up the responsibilities.

16. Triad Discussion http://www.unnaturalcauses.org/ What theories might be applied to Bad Sugar and When the Bough Breaks clip?

17. Feedback Requested

18. Wrap Up Practice is the intersection where the meanings of the worker (theories), the client (stories and narratives), and culture (myths, rituals, and themes) meet. Social workers must open themselves up to clients’ constructions of their individual and collective worlds. Saleeby (as cited in Hardcastle, Powers, and Winocur, 2004, p. 37)