1. Acid and Base Solutions SOL PS2abc

2. Acids  Substances that release positively charged Hydrogen ions H+ into a solution  These combine with H2O (water) to form H3O+ (hydromium)

3. Properties of Acids  Drinks that are acid taste sour  Conduct electricity (acid in batteries)  Corrosive (eat metals) skin and other things …. Stomach acid

4. Uses of Acids  We can use them … how  Things we eat that are sour have ascorbic acid (vitamin C)  Acids are used as cleaners  Car batteries  Manufacturing  Making fertilizer

5. Natural acids  Rain is naturally acidic because of carbon dioxide in the air (carbonic acid) helps weather rocks and can cause caves in limestone  Plants make carbonic acid to “eat” minerals out of the soil and rocks

6. Bases  Substances that accept hydrogen ions  The opposite of acids  Hydroxide ion OH-

7. Properties of Base solutions  Soaps are bases  Bases feel slippery  Taste bitter  They can also be corrosive

8. Uses of Bases  Cleaning products like soap, ammonia  Chalk (lime) … correct acid in your stomach (Tums) or in a garden (farm)  Lye – drain cleaner

9. pH  The measuring scale for how acid (acidity) or basic (alkaline) something is  7 in right in the middle not acid or base  0-6.9 are acid  7.1-14 are bases  Each 1 point is 10 times more powerful

11. Strength of Acids and Bases  Some acids and bases are not harmful  Lactic Acid (milk)  Soda  Tomatoes  Tums

12. Testing for acid/Bases  We use indicators that change color  Litmus paper is commonly used  Acids turn it red … bases turn it blue

13. Neutralization  Acids and bases can cancel each other out  Antacid pills …. like Tums are calcium carbonate (a base) and will neutralize the acid in your stomach  May release gas as a reaction