1. SPORT CLOTHING TECHNOLOGY PE4 A2 PHYSICAL EDUCATION

2. CLOTHING TECHNOLOGY The advances in sports clothing technology have been rapid in the last few years in almost all sports. Sports and clothing manufacturers have worked to reduce clothing weight while maintaining or increasing the strength of material, improve the regulation of body temperature to maintain it at optimal levels and reduce the drag caused by the clothing in air or water.

3. CYCLING In cycling, clothing is continually developed to reduce the air resistance of the clothing. While this may not seem significant at first, when results often depend on fractions of seconds after many laps of the track, anything that helps increase speed and reduce workload can make all the difference.

4. SWIMMING CLOTHING Similar developments have occurred in swimming, with new clothing introduced at the 2008 Beijing Games that significantly reduced drag in the water by using fabric that was water repellent. Many world records fell at Beijing, causing questions about whether the technological advancement was too much and reduced the validity of events. This intensified at the world championships the following year, where an improved version of the all-body swimsuit resulted in even more world records being smashed. As a result, the sport is currently moving back to earlier clothing versions to improve the validity of results. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/swimming/8161867. stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/swimming/8161867. stm

5. RUNNING SUITS / SKINS Compression sportswear is clothing usually worn by athletes. They may be shorts, tights or underwear. They are form-fitting garments and when worn cover the athlete's waist to mid or lower thigh. These garments are often made from a spandex-type material. The main benefits of compression sportswear is that it keeps the muscles warm to prevent muscle strain and fatigue, and wick sweat away from the body to prevent chafing and rashes. In addition, there is some evidence that compression shorts may enhance athletic performance. HOW THEY WORK: When you apply compression to specific body parts in a balanced and accurate way, it accelerates blood flow. This gets more oxygen to your working muscles – and boosts your performance. Better blood flow also helps your body to get rid of lactic acid and other metabolic wastes – which helps you work at a higher rate for longer. Plus, improved oxygenation reduces the effects of delayed onset muscle soreness and accelerates muscle repair. So Bio Acceleration Technology™ plays a big part in helping you recover from exercise too.Bio Acceleration Technology™

6. FOOTBALL BOOTS In 1954 Germany won the World Cup in footwear that would change the football boot industry for ever. Adi Dassler, of sports firm adidas introduced football boots with screw-in studs. The boots were massively lighter, used softer leather for enhanced flexibility and feel, and had removable ‘screw-in system’* studs which allowed length of stud to be changed according to ground conditions. In 1956 adidas took their ‘revolution’ one step further and introduced ‘polyamide’ sole units instead of leather. These were not only lighter, but more flexible and non-porous – meaning that they didn’t feel like lead in wet conditions. 1994 saw the next great ‘mass-market’ innovation in football boots, and this again came from adidas with the Predator. The Predator had two significant developments. One, on the upper where strips of rubber were placed in the forefoot of the toebox area. This was to enhance feel, power and swerve – the rubber part of the boot gripped the football (by now footballs were totally synthetic). The second major development was on the sole unit, where a traxion sole unit made from a number of strategically aligned blades supposedly gave a better grip.Predator The Nike Mercurial Vapour is now on the market weighing only 198 g (the same as some sprinting spikes) – it I the lightest boot ever made. In their own words – ‘ the vapour is built around a ‘Nike frame’ for immediate take off, it has a sculptured arch and external heel counter for comfort and support. Also the snap studs allow easy and quick change according to ground conditions. The upper repels water and provides enhanced touch and control’. Nike have also developed other technologies including – synthetic KNG100 upper, side lacing for increased striking surface.Nike Mercurial Vapour

7. TRAINERS http://metro.co.uk/2013/03/06/the-history- of-running-trainers-3-3528915/ http://metro.co.uk/2013/03/06/the-history- of-running-trainers-3-3528915/