1. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart A General

2. Part 121 Subpart A: General Subpart E: Approval of Routes Domestic and Flag Operations Subpart F: Approval of Areas and Routes Supplemental Operations Subpart G: Manual Requirements Subpart H: Aircraft Requirements Subpart J: Special Airworthiness Requirement

3. 121.1 Applicability (Rules governing) Domestic, flag, supplemental operations who hold or required to hold –Air Carrier Certificate –Operating Certificate Each person employed or used by certificate holder –Maintenance –Preventive maintenance –Alteration of aircraft

4. 121.1 Manual Requirements Each person applying for provisional approval of an Advanced Qualification Program –Curriculum –Curriculum segment –Portion of curriculum segment Each person employed performing –Training –Qualification functions –Evaluation functions

5. 121.2 Compliance Schedule (Pre Jan 19, 1996) Certificate holder conducting passenger-carrying operations with –Nontransport turbopropeller airplanes Passenger seat configuration 10 – 19 seats –Transport turbopropeller airplanes Passenger seat configuration 20 – 30 seats –Turbojet engine airplanes Passenger seat configuration 1 – 30 seats

6. 121.2 Compliance Schedule See web page

7. 121.7 Definitions Adequate Airport –Airplane operator may list with approval from FAA –Meets landing limitations of 121.197 –Airport is either Meeting requirements of Part 139 Military airport that is active and operational ETOPS Alternate Airport –Listed in certificate holder’s operations specifications –Designated in flight release for used in event of diversion during ETOPS

8. 121.7 Definitions ETOPS –Extended Operations –Allows twin-engine airlines to fly long-distance routes previously off-limits ETOPS: Turbine powered twin engine –Area beyond 60 minutes from an adequate airport Computed using one-engine inoperative ETOPS: Turbine powered more than 2 engine –Area beyond 180 minutes from an adequate airport Computed using one-engine inoperative

9. 121.7 Definitions Maximum Diversion Time –ETOPS planning –Longest diversion time authorized for flight

10. 121.15 Carriage of Drugs Certificate holder in violation of –91.19(a) –Operation is basis for suspension or revoking of certificate

11. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart E Approval of Routes: Domestic and Flag Operations

12. 121.93 Route Requirements: Gen Each certificate holder must show: –Able to conduct satisfactorily scheduled operations between each: Regular Provisional –Airport approved by the Administrator for use by the certificate holder for the purpose of providing service to a community when the regular airport is not available Refueling airport –Facilities are available and adequate for proposed operation

13. 121.93 Route Requirements: Gen –Does not require actual flight over route or route segment, considering Availability/adequacy of airports Lighting Maintenance Communication Navigation Fueling Ground/airplane radio facilities Ability of personnel to be used in proposed operation

14. 121.95 Route Width Approved routes/segments on U.S. Federal/foreign airways: –Meets minimum requirements Other routes considerations: –Terrain clearance –Minimum en route altitudes –Ground/airborne navigation aids –Air traffic density –ATC procedures –Specified in operations specifications

15. 121.97 Airports: Required Data Each route has enough airports –Properly equipped –Adequate for proposed operation Size Surface Obstructions Facilities Public protection Lighting Navigational/communication aids

16. 121.97 Airports: Required Data Certificate holder has approved system to obtain, maintain, and distribute current aeronautical data for: –Airports Facilities Public protection Navigation/communication aids Construction affecting takeoff, landing, ground ops Air traffic facilities –Runways, clearways, stopways Dimensions Surface Marking and lighting systems Elevation and gradient

17. 121.97 Airports: Required Data –Displaced Thresholds Location Dimensions Takeoff or landing or both Obstacles –Obstacles Those affecting takeoff/landing performance Controlling obstacles Instrument flight procedures Departure procedure Approach procedure Missed approach procedure –Special information RVR equipment Prevailing winds under low visibility conditions

18. 121.97 Airports: Revisions Necessary for continued adequacy Certificate holder has 30 days to reconsider notice

19. 121.99 Communications Facilities Certificate holder must show: –Two way system or –Other means approved by FSDO office –Independent of any system operated in US ETOPS operations –If voice communication not possible –Another communication system must be substituted ETOPS beyond 180 minutes –Must have another communication system Provide immediate satellite-based voice communications of landline-telephone fidelity –Must consider potential routes/altitudes needed for diversion to ETOPS alternates

20. 121.101 Weather Facilities Reporting services available along route: –US National Weather service or –Source approved by US National Weather Service (within 48 contiguous states) Administrator (outside 48 contiguous states) 121.103 NAVAIDs –Suitable aids are available –Not required if Day VFR operations can be conducted Night VFR operations have reliable landmarks

21. 121.105 Maintenance/ETOPS Competent personnel Adequate facilities/equipment 121.106 ETOPS Alternate airport (rescue/fire fighting required) –ETOPS up to 180 minutes Category 4 or higher –ETOPS beyond 180 minutes Category 4 or higher Aircraft must remain within diversion time of airport that has Category 7 or higher 121.107 Dispatch Centers –Enough for adequate operation Operational control of each flight

22. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart F Approval of Areas and Routes: Supplemental Operations

23. 121.113 Area/Route Requirements Each certificate holder must show: –Equipped/able to conduct operations over Navigational facilities associated with –Federal airways –Foreign airways –Advisory routes (ADR’s) –Conduct all IFR and night VFR over Federal airways Foreign airways Controlled airspace Advisory routes (ADR’s)

24. 121.115 Route Width Approved routes/segments on U.S. Federal/foreign airways: –Meets minimum requirements Other routes: –Terrain clearance –Minimum en route altitudes –Ground/airborne navigation aids –Air traffic density –ATC procedures –Specified in operations specifications

25. 121.117 Airports: Required Data Each airport used must be –Properly equipped –Adequate for proposed operation Size Surface Obstructions Facilities Public protection Lighting Navigational/communication aids

26. 121.117 Airports: Required Data Certificate holder has approved system to obtain, maintain, and distribute current aeronautical data for: –Airports Facilities Public protection Navigation/communication aids Construction affecting takeoff, landing, ground ops Air traffic facilities –Runways, clearways, stopways Dimensions Surface Marking and lighting systems Elevation and gradient

27. 121.117 Airports: Required Data –Displaced Thresholds Location Dimensions Takeoff or landing or both Obstacles –Obstacles Those affecting takeoff/landing performance Controlling obstacles Instrument flight procedures Departure procedure Approach procedure Missed approach procedure –Special information RVR equipment Prevailing winds under low visibility conditions

28. 121.117 Airports: Revisions Necessary for continued adequacy Certificate holder has 30 days to reconsider notice

29. 121.119 Weather Facilities Reporting services available along route: –US National Weather service or –Source approved by US National Weather Service (within 48 contiguous states) Administrator (outside 48 contiguous states) NAVAIDs –Suitable aids are available –Not required if Day VFR operations can be conducted Night VFR operations have reliable landmarks

30. 121.122 Communication Facilities Certificate holder must show: –Two way system or –Other means approved by FSDO office –Reliable and rapid communications under normal operating procedure ETOPS operations –If voice communication not possible –Another communication system must be substituted ETOPS beyond 180 minutes –Must have another communication system Provide immediate satellite-based voice communications of landline-telephone fidelity

31. 121.123 Maintenance Competent personnel Adequate facilities/equipment

32. 121.125 Flight Following Certificate holder must show: –Approved flight following system –Flight following centers located at Necessary points ensuring proper monitoring of flight progress All information necessary for safety of flight –Flight crew of aircraft (PIC) –Persons designated to perform operational control function

33. 121.127 Flight Following System Requirements: –Adequate facilities/personnel Provide necessary information for initiation and safe conduct of each flight to: –Flight crew of each aircraft –Persons designated to perform operational control of aircraft –Communications Private or available public means Monitor progress of each flight

34. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart G Manual Requirements

35. 121.135 Manual Contents Instructions and information necessary: –Personnel to perform duties and responsibilities –Easy to revise –Date of last revision on each page concerned –Not contrary to any FAR or foreign regulation –2 or more separate parts General policies Duties/responsibilities of –Each crewmember –Appropriate member of ground organization –Management personnel Reference appropriate FARs Flight dispatch and operational control procedures Enroute, navigation and communication procedures

36. 121.135 Manual Contents Domestic or flag operations –Approved routes –Types of airplanes authorized –Type of operations (VFR, IFR, Day, Night, etc) Supplemental operations –Areas of operations –Types of airplanes authorized –Type of operations (VFR, IFR, Day, Night, etc) Airport operations –Location (domestic/flag only) –Designation (domestic/flag only) »Regular »Provisional »Refueling –Types of airplane authorized (domestic/flag only) –Instrument approach procedures –Landing/takeoff minimums –Other pertinent information

37. 121.135 Manual Contents Takeoff, enroute, landing weight limitations ETOPS support Emergency equipment (passenger familiarization) Emergency equipment/procedures Succession of command of flight crewmembers List continues (see regulation)

38. 121.137 Manual Availability Copies to –Appropriate ground operations –Maintenance personnel –Crewmembers –Representatives of Administrator –All required to Keep it up-to-date with changes and additions Accessible when performing assigned duties

39. 121.139 Manual Aboard Aircraft Supplemental operations –Carry appropriate parts on each airplane when away from principal base of operations 121.141 Airplane Flight Manual –Current approved flight manual for each type of aircraft Each aircraft required to have flight manual May revise operating procedures if –Approved by Administrator –Clearly identified as airplane flight manual requirements

40. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart H Aircraft Requirements

41. 121.153 Aircraft Requirements Registered as civil aircraft of U.S. –Carries appropriate current airworthiness certificate –Airworthy condition –Meets applicable airworthiness requirements Identification Equipment –Weight and balance (based on) Average Assumed Estimated weight

42. 121.157 Aircraft Certification See website 121.159 Single-engine airplanes Prohibited

43. 121.161 Limitations: Routes Turbine-engine powered airplane –Farther from Adequate Airport 60 minutes for two-engine 180 minutes – more than 2 engine –Within North Polar Area –Within South Polar Area –Overwater Certificated/approved for ditching

44. 121.162 ETOPS Approval Two-engine (ETOPS up to 180 minutes) –Airplanes prior to Feb 15, 2007 Same model airplane/engine combination FAA approval for ETOPS up to 180 minutes –Airplanes prior to Feb 15, 2007 Not same model airplane/engine combination CMP document for that model airplane Two-engine (ETOPS beyond 180 minutes) –Airplanes prior to Feb 17, 2015 CMP document for that model airplane More the two-engine (ETOPS >180 minutes) –Airplanes after Feb 17, 2015 CMP document for that model airplane

45. 121.163 Aircraft Proving Tests Initial airplane proving test –100 hours –Acceptable to the Administrator 100 hours may be reduced by Administrator if satisfactory level of proficiency is demonstrated –At least 10 hours at night Proving test (kinds of operations) –At least 50 hours of flight –Representative number of flights Each kind of operation Into enroute airports

46. 121.163 Aircraft Proving Tests Materially altered –Installation of power plants Other than type similar which is certificated –Alterations to aircraft or components Affect flight characteristics Proving test materially altered –At least 50 hours of flight –Representative number of flights Each kind of operation –Into enroute airports No passengers on proving tests –Except those needed for test –Designated by Administrator

47. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart I Airplane Performance Operating Limitations Look at Website

48. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart J Special Airworthiness Requirements

49. 121.215 Cabin Interiors Flash resistant materials –Walls/ceiling linings –Upholstery /floors/furnishings Flame resistant –Smoking Compartment equipped with self-contained ash trays –Receptacles Fire-resistant material Cover/other means of containing possible fires Suitably ventilated –Crew has convenient means for closing air flow when necessary

50. 121.221 Fire Precautions Compartment designed for storage –Cannot include controls which affect safe operation of airplane unless Adequately shielded Isolated Otherwise protected –Flame resistant –Not interfere with fire-protection features –Class A compartment: Fire readily discernible to crewmember while at his station, and All compartment parts are easily accessible inflight Must have hand-held fire extinguisher available

51. 121.221 Fire Precautions –Class B compartment: Enough access to effectively reach all of compartment with hand fire extinguisher while inflight Separate approved smoke/fire detector system Must have hand-held fire extinguisher Lined with fire-resistant material –Class C compartment: Does not conform to Class A,B,D, or E Separate approved smoke/fire detector system Approved built-in fire extinguishing system Exclude smoke, flames, extinguishing agent from crew or passenger compartment Ventilation/draft controlled Lined with fire resistant material

52. 121.221 Fire Precautions –Class D compartment: Completely confine fire without endangering safety of airplane or occupants Means to exclude smoke, flames, gases from entering crew or passenger compartment Ventilation/draft controlled Completely lined with fire-resistant material Consideration of heat effect on other compartments –Class E compartment (Cargo only): Separate approved smoke/fire detector system Shut off air flow to compartment Exclude smoke, flames, extinguishing agent from crew compartment Lined with fire resistant material Crew emergency exits when cargo loading

53. 121.223 – 121.295 See Website for more

54. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart L Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations

55. 121.363 Airworthiness Certificate holder responsible –Airworthiness of aircraft –Performance of maintenance –Other person performing maintenance 121.365 Maintenance Maintenance personnel –Organization adequate to perform work –Inspections by organization adequate to perform work

56. 121.369 Manual Requirements List –Persons to perform required inspections or maintenance –Programs followed for maintenance and: Method of routine or non-routine maintenance Designate items of maintenance and alteration Method of performing inspections and personnel authorized by occupational title Procedures for re-inspection of work performed Procedures, standards, limits for inspection acceptance or rejection Procedures to ensure required inspections are performed Prevention of person performing work from performing inspection of work

57. 121.369 Manual Requirements Work interruption instructions for inspection completion –Suitable system providing preservation and retrieval of information Acceptable to Administrator Description of work performed Name of person performing work Name of person approving work

58. 121.371 Inspection Personnel Inspector requirements Certificated Properly trained Qualified Authorized Under supervision and control of inspection unit –Current list of inspection personnel Trained, qualified, authorized to conduct Identified by: –Name –Occupational title –Inspections authorized to perform Written information to each person –Extent of their responsibilities –Authorities –Inspection limitations

59. 121.373 Continuing Analysis Maintain system for inspection analysis and surveillance –Performance and effectiveness of inspection –Correction of any deficiencies Make changes as noted by Administrator –Can petition within 30 days of notice

60. 121.374 CAMP ETOPS Maintenance document –List each ETOPS significant system –Include maintenance elements –Include supportive programs/procedures –Include duties and responsibilities –Clearly state where reference material is located Pre-departure service check (PDSC) –Verify condition of ETOPS significant system –Verify overall status (maintenance records review) of airplane –Interior/exterior inspection Determine engine/APU oil levels/consumption rates Signature to certify PDSC complete

61. 121.375 Training Program Required –Ensure maintenance personnel are fully informed on procedures, techniques, new equipment 121.377 Duty Time Limitations Relieve of duty of at least 24 hours during any 7 consecutive days 121.378 Certificate Requirements Person directly in charge –Hold appropriate airman certificate –Directly in charge – need not perform work or physically observe, but be available for consultation or decisions

62. 121.380 Recording Requirements Records –Necessary for issuance of airworthiness release –Records contain following information Total time in service of airframe Total time in service of each engine, propeller Current status of life-limited parts Time since last overhaul of all items required to be overhauled ID of current inspection status of aircraft Current status of airworthiness directives –Date of compliance –Method of compliance List of current major alterations

63. 121.380a Transfer of Records At time of sale: –121.380(a)(2) See previous slide

64. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart M Airman and Crewmember Requirements

65. 121.383 Airmen Limitations Airmen –Must hold appropriate current certificate –Certificates in possession while operating –Otherwise qualified Cannot fly upon reaching 65 th birthday –If over 60, another pilot must be on flight deck under 60

66. 121.385 Composition of Aircrew Cannot operate airplane with less than minimum flight crew requirement –One person cannot perform multiple functions –Minimum crew of 2 – one PIC, one SIC

67. 121.391 Flight Attendants Payload and seat capacity Maximum payload >7,500 lbs Passengers > 9 but < 51 1 flight attendant Maximum payload 7,500 lbs or less Passengers > 19 but < 51 1 flight attendant Passengers > 50 but < 101 2 flight attendants Passengers more than 100 2 flight attendants plus 1 for every 50 Uniformly distributed throughout airplane

68. 121.393 Passengers on Board Person qualified for emergency evacuation procedures remains: –On board the airplane –Nearby the airplane Engines are shut down One floor level remains open for deplaning passengers

69. 121.394 Passenger Boarding Boarding –Reduce required flight attendants by one Remains within vicinity of door Only conduct safety duties related to flight Airplane engines are shut down One floor level exit remains open for egress –Substitute pilot or flight engineer Described in manual Not assigned to operate flight Trained on flight attendant duties Meets emergency training requirements Located in passenger cabin Identified to pilots Airplane engines are shut down

70. 121.395 Aircraft Dispatcher Provide enough qualified dispatchers to ensure proper control of each flight 121.397 Emergency Evacuation Duties Necessary functions are: –Realistic –Practically accomplished –Meet any reasonably anticipated emergency –Manual describes functions of required crewmembers

71. Part 121 Operating Requirements Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Subpart N Training Program

72. 121.400 Terms Group I –Propeller driven including Reciprocating powered Turbopropeller powered Group II –Turbojet powered Initial Training –Have not qualified/served in same capacity of another airplane Transition Training –Qualified/served in same capacity of another airplane

73. 121.400 Terms Upgrade Training –Qualified/served as SIC or flight engineer Differences Training –Qualified/served in particular type airplane and training on a particular variation of that airplane Programmed hours –Hours of training prescribed –May be reduced by Administrator Requalification Training –Previously qualified/trained

74. 121.401 Training Program Establish for –Crewmembers –Aircraft dispatchers –Flight instructors –Check airmen Whenever a crewmember takes a competence check in the calendar month before or after the calendar month in which that training or check is required, he is considered to have taken or completed it in the calendar month in which it was required 121.404 CRM All flight crewmembers and flight attendants must complete crew resource management before certificate holder can use them

75. 121.402 Special Rules Part 142 certificated flight training center eligible to provide training –Holds applicable training specifications –Has facilities, training equipment, courseware –Approved curriculums, curriculum segments, and portions of curriculum segments –Has sufficient instructor and check airmen qualified to provide training, testing, and checks

76. 121.403 Curriculum Training Program –Curriculum List of principal ground training subjects –Including emergency training subjects List of all training devices –System trainers –Procedures trainers –Other training aids Detailed descriptions of approved normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures List of airplane simulators Programmed hours of training Administrator grants final approval of training programs/revisions

77. 121.417 Emergency Training Training includes –Instruction in emergency assignments –Instruction in location, function, operation of emergency equipment Equipment used in ditching/evacuation Portable fire extinguishers Emergency exits Handing of emergency situations Review previous accidents

78. 121.417 Emergency Training Each crewmember must accomplish: –During initial training and –Once each 24 calendar months during recurrent training Each type of emergency exit Each type of installed hand fire extinguisher Each type of emergency oxygen system Donning, use, and inflation of individual flotation Ditching

79. 121.433 Training Required Recurrent Training –Flight Crewmembers No person may serve as a required crewmember unless, within the preceding 12 calendar months, satisfactorily complete recurrent and flight training for that airplane and a flight check as applicable –Pilot in Command No person may serve as a pilot in command unless, within the preceding 6 calendar months, satisfactorily complete recurrent flight training in addition to the training required above

80. 121.440 Line Checks Pilot in Command (Domestic/Flag) –Within preceding 12 calendar months, pass a line check –Over typical part of route, airway, direct route Pilot in Command (Supplemental) –Within preceding 12 calendar months, pass a line check –Part or airway or advisory route

81. 121.441 Proficiency checks Pilot in Command –With preceding 12 calendar months –Within preceding 6 calendar months either Proficiency Approved simulator course of training Other pilots –Within the preceding 24 calendar months, pass a proficiency check or line-oriented simulator training course –Within the preceding 12 calendar months, pass a proficiency check or any simulator training course

82. 121.471 Flight Time Limitations (Domestic) Total flight time cannot exceed: –1,000 hours in any calendar year –100 hours in any calendar month –30 hours in any 7 consecutive days –8 hours between required rest periods (Flag) Total flight time cannot exceed: –1,000 hours in any calendar year –100 hours in any calendar month –32 hours in any 7 consecutive days –At least 18 hours rest when flying more than 8 hours during 24 consecutive hours

83. 121.503 Flight Time Limitations (Supp) Total flight time cannot exceed: –1,000 hours in any calendar year –100 hours in any 30 consecutive days –At least 16 hours rest when flying more than 8 hours during 24 consecutive hours