1. 1 Sistemas de Armazenamento de Energia

2. 2 Tipos – Volante inercial (Flywheel kinetic energy ) – Baterias (Sodium based batteries – SBB, Lithium-ion batteries, Advanced lead-acid batteries, Lead-carbon Batteries) – Bombeamento de Agua (Pumped-hydro storage - PHS) – Supercondutores(superconducting magnetic energy storage - SMES) – Ar comprimido (compressed air energy storage systems - CAES) – Térmico( Capacitores Térmicos), Supercapacitores, Hidrogênio (Regenerative Fuel Cell) e outros

3. 3 HOT SAT STORAGE SUNSHINE STORAGE IN A SALT: The molten salts stored in the two tanks pictured here amidst the rows of troughs at the Andasol 1 power plant in Spain will allow solar energy to produce electricity even at night.

4. 4 HEC 250 kW H2 Genset Ramea Island - Canadá Installed wind capacity: 6 x 65 kW = 390 kW Real wind capacity: 390 kW x 0.33 = 129 kW Total energy produced = 4,201 MWh in 2005 Diesel / Wind (90% / 10%) Wind-Diesel System in Ramea, Newfoundland Installed diesel capacity: 3 x 925 kW = 2,775 kW Often one only diesel generator running at 300 kW Excess wind energy is dumped, therefore, storage would increase wind penetration Interior View of HEC 250 kW H2 Genset

5. 5 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel

6. 6 A Flybrid Systems Kinetic Energy Recovery System built for use in Formula One NASA G2 flywheel 2 X 1-MEGAWATT, 15- MINUTE FLYWHEELS NEW ENGLAND ISO

7. 7 34-MEGAWATT, 7-HOUR SODIUM- SULFUR BATTERY ROKKASHO, JAPAN LEAD-CARBON BATTERY STACKS AT EAST PENN MANUFACTURING PLANT;DOE FUNDING FROM THE AMERICAN RECOVERY AND REINVESTMENT ACT Bancos Baterias de NaS e de Chumbo Carbono

8. 8 SUPERCAPACITORES capacities up to 5,000 farads energy density is 30 Wh/kg (0.1 MJ/kg)Wh/kg MJ/kg

9. 9

10. 10 Cost Analysis of Energy Storage Systems for Electric Utility Applications – SANDIA REPORT - 1997

11. 11 TECNOLOGIAS DE ARMAZENAMENTO

12. 12 Installation vs. Operating Costs

13. 13

14. 14 Regime and scale of storage applications

15. 15

16. 16 Regimes of storage technologies based on power and discharge time

17. 17 Current DOE sponsored storage demonstrations

18. 18 Storage projects are operating

19. 19 Storage projects are operating 1. Operating-850-MW Rocky Mountain-last pumped storage to come on-line (note: many utilities currently operate such facilities) Oglethorpe Power 2. Operating. 110-MW CAES (Alabama Electric Cooperative) facility operating 3. Demonstration. 12 MW regenerative fuel cell (reverse flow battery) at TVA-near or in startup 4. Operating. 20 MW lead-acid battery facility operating in Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority 5. Demonstration. 500 kW Sodium sulfur reverse flow battery operating at American Electric Power 6. Active. Norton CAES facility, up to 2700 MW of storage 7. Active. Markham CAES 540-MW permitted facility 8. Active. Eagle Grove aquifer-based CAES between 100-200 MW serving regional wind facilities.

20. 20 9. Operating. 1-MW flywheel facility serving rail transportation. 10. Decommissioned. 10-MW lead-acid battery facility in Chino, Californiaand more are planned. 11. Proposed. Commercial and/or technology demonstrations in central Illinois 12. Proposed. NextEnergy distributed power corridor in Detroit, demonstration of micro grid technologies, including storage such as flywheels. 13. Under construction. 250-kW Vanadium redox flow battery, Pacificorp 14. Under construction. 200-kW zinc bromide flow battery, Detroit Edison Co. 15. Under construction. Multi-MW battery facility. Golden Valley Electric 16. Operating. 3.5 MW valve regulated battery system. 17. Proposed. Multi-MW battery/flow-battery facility *List not mean to be all-inclusive but representative of projects and technologies