1. When I heard the learn’d astronomer, When the proofs, the figures, were ranged in columns before me, When I was shown the charts and diagrams, to add, divide, and measure them, When I sitting heard the astronomer where he lectured with much applause in the lecture-room, How soon unaccountable I became tired and sick, Till rising and gliding out I wander’d off by myself, In the mystical moist night-air, and from time to time, Look’d up in perfect silence at the stars.

2. American Art and Literature in the 19 th Century

3. 19 th century Art and Literature  MAIN IDEA: The growing prosperity and the national spirit led to a movement in America for writers and artists to produce art and literature which was truly American.

4. American Literature  Nathaniel Hawthorne – The Scarlet Letter  Herman Melville – Moby Dick  Henry David Thoreau – Walden  Walt Whitman – Leaves of Grass  Washington Irving – Rip Van Winkle, The Headless Horseman  James Fenimore Cooper – The Last of the Mohicans  Edgar Allan Poe

5. Transcendentalism  Individual spirit rising above society  Urged each person to find “an original relation to the universe”  “I become a transparent eyeball. I am nothing; I see all; The currents of the universal being circulate through me.” William Wordsworth  "We will walk on our own feet; we will work with our own hands; we will speak our own minds...A nation of men will for the first time exist, because each believes himself inspired by the Divine Soul which also inspires all men.” Ralph Waldo Emerson

6. Transcendentalism Henry David Thoreau “The world is but a canvas to our imagination.”

7. Transcendentalism Henry David Thoreau Civil Disobedience Henry David Thoreau refused to pay taxes and served time in jail because he believed the Mexican-American War was unjust.

8. Transcendentalism Henry David Thoreau Civil Disobedience “Unjust laws exist; shall we be content to obey them, or shall we endeavor to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, or shall we transgress them at once?”

9. Transcendentalism Ralph Waldo Emerson “The only person you are destined to become is the person you decide to be.”

12. American Art Hudson River School (1825)  A group of New York City painters  Painted American landscapes showing the beauty of America  Nature is not the background – nature is the painting

14. American Art James Audubon  Drew birds, mammals, plants, and other subjects from nature

18. 19 th century Art and Literature  MAIN IDEA: The growing prosperity and the national spirit led to a movement in America for writers and artists to produce art and literature which was truly American. The “truly American” spirit was a spirit of free thought and individualism. This will lead to American citizens standing up to reform parts of society they felt were unfair or harmful.