1. Towards ‘Ubiquitous’ Ubiquitous Computing: an alliance with ‘the Grid’ Oliver Storz, Adrian Friday, and Nigel Davies Computing Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, AZ, 85721, USA Presented by: Nabil HAMMOUD

2. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD2 Content  Introduction  Ubiquitous Computing  Objectives  Grid Vision  Discussion  Conclusion & Critics  References

3. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD3 Introduction  Definitions: Ubiquitous computing is the method of enhancing computer use by making many computers available throughout the physical environment, but making them effectively invisible to the user. (M.Weiser) Ubiquitous computing, …, is a paradigm shift where technology becomes virtually invisible in our lives. (M.Riley)

4. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD4 Ubiquitous Computing GPS SpO2 ECG DB … Surround data Software component Software component Emergency

5. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD5 Introduction  Failed to become commonplace  Lack of common distributed systems infrastructure  Evolution of a vision of global distributed computing : the GRID  Common elements can be identified between Ubicomp and GRID  Argue that adoption of a common standard such as the GRID is essential

6. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD6 Ubiquitous Computing  Not to be under centralized control.  Resources have to interact in a more or less coordinated fashion  Heterogeneous in nature  Standardized ways for interaction

7. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD7 Ubiquitous Computing  Challenging Properties of Ubiquitous Systems (Crowcroft) : Context Awareness Trust, Security and Privacy Seamless Communication Self Configuration …

8. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD8 Objectives  Harmonization: agree on common mechanisms to permit interworking (standardization)  Integration : identify the core services that comprise ubicomp environments (standard services with well defined interfaces)

9. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD9 Grid Vision  “HW and SW infrastructure that provides dependable, consistent, pervasive and inexpensive access to high-end computational capabilities” (I. Foster98)  “coordinates resources that are not subject to centralized control... using standard, open, general-purpose protocols and interfaces... To deliver non-trivial qualities of service.” (I. Foster02)

10. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD10 Grid Vision  Similarities between Grid and Ubiquitous: Heterogeneity and Interoperability Scalability Adaptability and Fault Tolerance Resource Management and Service Composition Security Payment …

11. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD11 Grid Vision  OGSI OGSI is commonly seen as a foundation for providing the infrastructure for building (OGSA) Standard interfaces for these services and their behaviour have recently been defined as part of the Open Grid Services Infrastructure (OGSI)  OGSA Agree on a Standardised platform for future Grids Provide the means for interoperability between resources Goal: A high-level description

12. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD12 Grid Vision (I. Foster)

13. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD13 Grid Vision ECG Sensor SpO2 Sensor GPS Sensor... Cyberjacket Cyberjacket device proxy Sensor Proxy ECG Sensor Proxy SpO2 Sensor Proxy GPS … Grid Device Specific Protocol Grid Service (C. Barratt)

14. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD14 Discussion  The world will always be filled with political, social and practical limitations  The functionality provided by OGSI and OGSA is far from sufficient Service discovery mechanisms Partial connectivity

15. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD15 Conclusion & Critics  There still is no standardized platform  Ubicomp needs standards for interconnecting things  The Grid and ubiquitous computing share many common requirements  The Grid could provide a viable route for accelerating the deployment of ubiquitous computing

16. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD16 Conclusion & Critics  Don’t cite the challenges  Don’t tip up the data manager  Don’t argue for a profile of needs of ubiquitous computing within the Grid  No implementation was described

17. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD17 References  M. Weiser : The Computer for the 21st Century. Scientific American, pp. 94–104, Sep. 1991.  C. Barratt : Extending the Grid to Support Remote Medical Monitoring  Crowcroft : Scalable Ubiquitous Computing Systems or just Ubiquitous Systems  I. Foster : The Open Grid Services Architecture, Version 1.0

18. M2R-Grilles de donnéesNabil HAMMOUD18 Questions?