1. Ms. Garratt Chapter 9: Sections 1-2 (pp. 305-316

2. Reform Movement led by the middle class to solve some of the problems caused by:  Industrialization  Urbanization  Political Corruption  From both pol parties  What did Progressives want? Response to laissez-faire system Great government involvement to solve problems cause by the above.

3.  Muckrakers were journalists that investigated problems and exposed corruption, muck…  They exposed the underbelly of society and politics through articles & photography.  Progressives responded to what the muckrakers uncovered.

4.  Exposed meatpacking conditions.  Read excerpt on page 317  His book will lead to the 1906 Meat Inspection Act

8.  Exposed ruthless business practices Rockefeller used to drive competitors out of business & establish monopolies

10.  Jane Addams & Hull House  Social Gospel Movement  Salvation Army  YMCA  Florence Kelley (Illinois Factory Act & Nat’l Consumers’ League)  Nat’l Child Labor Commission (NCLC)

11.  Temperance Movement  Frances Willard and WCTU  “do everything” slogan  Kindergartens for immigrants  Visiting prisons & asylums  Anti-Saloon League  Caused tensions with immigrants  Carrie Nation – Hatchet lady

12.  “Temperate temperance is best. Intemperate temperance injures the cause of temperance, while temperate temperance helps it in its fight against intemperate intemperance. Fanatics will never learn that, though it be written in letters of gold across the sky.” - Notebook, 1896

13.  Big business & monopolies targeted.  Severe economic depression in 1893 led some to question the capitalist system.  Labor leader Eugene V. Debs organizes first socialist party  “Competition was natural enough at one time, but do you really think you are competing today.”

14.  Louis Brandeis –used data to defend Oregon law that limited women’s workday to 10 hours.  Used data to show how long hours were detrimental to people and society.  “Brandeis brief” would become a model for reform litigation

15.  Scientific Management – faith in scientific principles to make society & the work place more efficient.  Assembly line  Ford & $5 day & first 8-hour day

16.  Children more prone to accidents.  National Child Labor Comm sent investigators to gather evidence of harsh conditions.  Keating-Owen Act  Muller v. Oregon  Workers’ Compensation in the event of death 1902

17.  Political machines  Galveston  Commission style city-government  Council-manager government

18.  Robert “Fighting Bob” La Follette  Major target >railroad industry  Initiative  Referendum  Recall  Primary election  Success of primary election will lead to 17 th amendment – this put power into the people’s hands rather than corrupt party bosses

20.  This allows senators to be directly elected by popular vote  Necessary due to corruption by political machines.  People, not the party bosses, choose their US senators

22.  Farm work  Industry (25% of whom worked in garment industry  Triangle Shirtwaist Factory  Worked in offices, stores, clerics  Required HS diploma, more women had them in 1890 than men  70% were domestics

24.  Seneca Falls Convention 1848  Suffrage  Susan B. Anthony  Elizabeth Cady Stanton  NWSA  Suffrage opposed by liquor & garment interests & others opposed to changing role of women.

25.  1.Convince state legislators  Successful in CO, UT, ID & WY  2.Challenge legal decisions using the 14 th amendment “equality under the law.”  3.Push for a national amendment

26.  This is your job