1. Section 5 The Wilson Years

2. The Progressive Party and the Election of 1912 Rift in Republican Party between Progressives and conservatives Progressive (“Bull Moose”) Party split from Republican Party; nominated Roosevelt Democrat Wilson won in 1912, with Roosevelt second Progressive Party convention, 1912

3. New Freedom vs. New Nationalism Roosevelt’s New Nationalism was a complete line of reforms that favored legislation to protect women and children in the workforce and workers’ compensation for those injured on the job. Wilson’s New Freedom Plan supported free enterprise and criticized Roosevelt for a program that Wilson felt supported monopolies Wilson wins the election

4. Regulating the Economy During Wilson’s eight years, he issued reforms that affected tariffs, the banking system, the trusts, and workers’ rights. Underwood Tariff reduced the average tariff on imported goods to about half of what it had been in the 1890’s Provision of levying an income tax, or a direct tax on the earnings of individuals and corporations The 16 th Amendment made it legal for the federal govt. to tax the income of individuals directly.

5. Supported the Federal Reserve System Restore people’s confidence in banks Avoid the bank collapsing during economic depression. Created the Federal Trade Commission Monitored American business by investigating companies and issued “cease and desist” orders against companies involved in unfair trade practices, or those which hurt competition.

6. Wilson did not want the FTC to break up big businesses, just regulate them. The Progressives responded by passing the Clayton Antitrust Act Put a ban on tying agreements and price discrimination

7. Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Prohibited children under the age of 14 from working in factories. Adamson Act Established an eight-hour workday for railroad workers. Federal Farm Loan Act Provided farmers with long term loans at low interest rates.

8. Effects of Progressivism Expanded democracy Improved quality of life Expanded government role