1. POP! Quiz  1.Who were the members of the Central Powers?  2. What are the five causes of World War I?  3. Who were the members of the Allies?  4. What is stalemate?

2. No Man’s Land Going Over the Top Trench Trench Warfare

3. Machine Guns Machine guns were very effective offensive and defensive weapons. Their rapid fire killed quickly. The machine gun was the biggest cause of trench warfare. Vickers machine gun around 1914

9. Going Over the Top

10. Life in the Trenches Boring, terrifying and caused shell shock. Horrible living conditions. Average distance between enemy trenches: about 800 feet. Diseases contracted easily. RATS !

14. Side View of Trenches

17. Battle of the Somme An overview of the battle

18. Overview July 1 – Nov. 18, 1916 One of the costliest battles of WWI Approximately 1.2 million casualties 420,000 British 200,000 French 500,000 German Dead German soldiers at Battle of the Somme

19. British gains

20. Cause and effect Attempt by the British to “push through” the German lines Fought along northwestern part of the Western Front After months of fighting, and several assaults up and down the front, resulted in small gains in land for England Greatly weakened German war effort overall

21. Causes of high death toll Massive loss of life due to new military technologies: machine guns artillery/mines hand grenades gas airplanes first use of tanks British gun crew wearing PH-type anti-gas helmets

22. Central Historical Question: A British trench July 1916 during the Battle of the Somme Who won the first day of the Battle of the Somme?

23. Central Historical Question Who won the first day of the Battle of the Somme? Day One Casualties: 57,470 British 8, 000 German 7, 000 French