1. Abolitionist Abolition-The movement to end slavery Slaves would hide in various places. Abolitionist – a person who believed and worked for the abolishment of slavery.

2. William Lloyd Garrison Abolitionist Published an antislavery newspaper The Liberator

3. James K. Polk Elected president in 1845 From NC- Educated at UNC; was a slave owner Gained more territory as president than any other

4. James K. Polk 1845- Texas/Mexican War gained the US: California, New Mexico, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming & Nevada 1846- Enter Oregon Claimed by US & Britain Divided the US & Canada at 49 th parallel

5. Balancing Government Goal: Equal number of slave & free states 1787: Northwest Ordinance banned slavery North or West of the Ohio River; The South didn’t fight this because it did not focus on the South

6. Balancing Government 1800’s: Northern population jumps due to the Irish Potato Famine— increases Northern control in the House of Representatives 1818: Missouri wants to be entered as a slave state 1820: Maine separates from Massachusetts as free and creates balance.

7. The Underground Railroad

9. The Underground Railroad was actually an above-ground series of escape routes for slaves traveling from the South to the North trying to gain their freedom. The Underground Railroad was actually an above-ground series of escape routes for slaves traveling from the South to the North trying to gain their freedom. Slaves traveled by foot, wagons, boats, and trains. Slaves traveled by foot, wagons, boats, and trains. Slave runaways would usually travel by the light of night and hide during the day in places known as stations. These were safe houses owned by abolitionists. Slave runaways would usually travel by the light of night and hide during the day in places known as stations. These were safe houses owned by abolitionists.

11. Henry Box Brown Henry Brown convinced Samuel A. Smith to pack him in a box and ship him to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Henry Brown convinced Samuel A. Smith to pack him in a box and ship him to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Henry Box Brown’s trip to Philadelphia was grueling, in tight quarters. Henry Box Brown’s trip to Philadelphia was grueling, in tight quarters. Brown was set free in Philadelphia and eventually made his way to Boston, where he helped fellow escapees on the Underground Railroad. Brown was set free in Philadelphia and eventually made his way to Boston, where he helped fellow escapees on the Underground Railroad.

12. Conductors Conductors were the people who led the runaways to freedom. Conductors were the people who led the runaways to freedom.

13. Harriett Tubman

14. Harriet Tubman was born a slave in Maryland. When she learned that her owner was going to sell her, she decided to escape. Tubman made 19 journeys from the South to the North as a Conductor on the Underground Railroad.

16. Harriet Tubman Southern Plantation owners offered $40,000 for the capture of Harriet Tubman. Plantation Owners also offered rewards for the return of runaway slaves.

17. Fredrick Douglass Abolitionist Speaker Published an autobiography

18. Routes to Freedom

19. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

20. Quilts During the time of the Underground Railroad fugitive slaves would use quilts as a means of communication. During the time of the Underground Railroad fugitive slaves would use quilts as a means of communication. Quilts were used by conductors to help fugitive slaves flee the South and arrive safely in the North. Quilts were used by conductors to help fugitive slaves flee the South and arrive safely in the North.

21. Quilt Usage in the Underground Railroad This Quilt represented the NORTH STAR This Quilt represented the NORTH STAR

22. Quilts This quilt was the symbol for the wagon wheel

23. Quilts This Quilt symbolized a log cabin This Quilt symbolized a log cabin

24. Quilts This quilt symbolized a crossroads