1. MOTOR DELAY

2. Most common causes of motor delay:
Cerebral palsy /1000
Muscular dystrophy /3000
Spina bifida <1/1000

4. ETIOLOGY
Prenatal factors – infection, metabolic, anoxia, genetic, infarction
Perinatal – asphyxia, low birth weight, sepsis, prematurity, congenital anomalies
Postnatal – toxins, trauma, infection

8. DIAGNOSIS Early diagnosis is difficult. Motor Examination
- traditional neurologic exam
- assessment of primitive reflexes
- elicitation of postural responses

9. MANAGEMENT Cerebral palsy is not curable. Goal of therapy is aimed at:
- maintaining function (secondary prevention)
- maximizing or developing new functions

10. ACTIVITIES DIRECTED TOWARD MAINTENANCE OF FUNCTION
Motor therapy to prevent contractures.
Positioning to ensure symmetry and prevent scoliosis.

12. ACTIVITIES … Surgical procedures - adductor tenotomy or psoas transfer
Assistive devices (walkers, poles, standing frames, wheelchairs)
Surgical procedures
- adductor tenotomy or psoas transfer
- tenotomy of the Achilles tendon
- dorsal rhizotomy

14. School placement consonant with the child’s abilities
NON-MOTOR ACTIVITIES DIRECTED TOWARD MAINTENANCE OF SELF-ESTEEM AND PREVENTION OF SECONDARY BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCES
Parental counseling for appropriate expectations
School placement consonant with the child’s abilities
Opportunities for social interaction

15. ASSOCIATED HANDICAPS IN CP
Seizure disorder
Mental retardation
Visual problems
Hearing disorders
Feeding problems
Dental problems
Speech/language problems
Behavioral problems