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1 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated.

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Presentation on theme: "1 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated."— Presentation transcript:

1 1 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

2 2 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

3 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 Simple Diffusion

4 4 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

5 Na + Facilitated Diffusion (Channels)

6 6 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

7 Na + ligand Na + Ligand (Chemically) – Gated Channels

8 8 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

9 Ca 2+ + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - Normal Cell Membrane Potential

10 + + + + + + + + + Ca 2+ + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - Voltage-Gated Channels

11 11 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

12 Na + Chemical Gradient

13 Electrical Gradient + + + + + + + + + + - - - - Initial: 5 + charges

14 Na + Electro-Chemical Gradient - - Cl - Initial: 5 Na + 2 Cl -2

15 15 The Bottom Line on Gradients ions will travel DOWN their electrochemical gradients until in chemical AND electrical equilibrium

16 16 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

17 Cl - Pumps Cl - ATP


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