1. Dr. Hatem Elaydi Engineering Technical English Islamic University of Gaza Feb. 15, 2016 Unit 2: Materials Technology Categorizing Materials

2. Braking System Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 2

3. Language note Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 3 Language note You will find the following vocabulary useful in this section. compound, exotic (material), ferrous, non-ferrous, ceramic, alloy, metallic, nonmetallic, polymer consist of, comprise, made of, made from, made out of

4. Green Brakes Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 4 ecological: relationship between organisms and their environment

5. Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 5 Compound: combinations o f materials Exotic: rare or complex

6. Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 6 Ferrous: iron and steel Ceramics: minerals transformed by heat

7. Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 7 Glow: a steady radiance of heat dissipating: vanish

8. Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 8 Exploitation: making use of Alloy: mixture of metals Non-metallic: materials that are not metal Polymers: plastic materials

9. Q4. What do you know about braking systems? In pairs, discuss the following questions. 1. Generally speaking, what do brakes do and how do they work? 2. What kinds of material are used in brake pads and brake discs in different vehicles Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 9 Suggested answers 1.Brakes are designed to slow down vehicles or moving parts. Often they work through friction, by applying pressure to pads which are pressed against the sides of a disc, the inside of a drum, or directly against a wheel rim. 2.Examples of materials used to make pads include: compounds of advanced materials (cars), ferrous metals (trains), rubber (bicycles), ceramics (performance cars).

10. Q5 5a. Read the article on braking systems. In the title of the article, what do the colors green and red refer to? Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 10 Answers Green refers to ecological issues. Red refers to heat

11. Q6a: Homework 6a. You are going to give a talk on composites technology at a construction materials trade fair. In part of the talk, you focus on reinforced concrete as a well-known example of a composite material. Prepare your talk using words and phrases from this section and the following notes. Composite materials Common example: reinforced concrete(very widely used composite) cement( derived from lime) Aggregate – fine aggregate(sand) + coarse aggregate(gravel or crushed stone) Water + chemical additives (e.g. plasticizer to improve workability) Reinforcement (steel bars, fixed together with steel tie wire) Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 11

12. 6c. Margit, a sales engineer, is describing a high-voltage cable. Before you listen, label the cross-section with the parts (a-e). a) insulation b) waterproof membrane c) outer jacket d) armored protection e) conductor Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 12 Answer 1c 2b 3d 4a 5e

13. Q6c insulation = a protective material which does not conduct electricity waterproof membrane = thin layer of material which acts as a barrier to prevent water passing armored = covered with a very strong protective layer conductor = material which conducts electricity Dr. Hatem Elaydi, IUG, Spring 2016, ENGG 1305 13

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