1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION Ch. 9, Sec. 3

2. Cellular Respiration = mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP 3 Stages of Cellular Respiration –1. Glycolysis (anaerobic){occurs in both} –2. Citric Acid Cycle (aerobic) –3. Electron Transport Chain (aerobic) Anaerobic = no oxygen required Aerobic = require oxygen

3. Glycolysis Glycolysis = occurs in the cytoplasm, breaks down glucose Results in 2 ATP molecules being released Produces 2 molecules of pyruvate http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/007250747 0/student_view0/chapter2 5/animation__how_glycol ysis_works.html http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/007250747 0/student_view0/chapter2 5/animation__how_glycol ysis_works.html http://www.science.smith. edu/departments/Biology/ Bio231/glycolysis.html http://www.science.smith. edu/departments/Biology/ Bio231/glycolysis.html

4. Citric Acid Cycle Citric Acid Cycle is also known as the Krebs Cycle Occurs in the Mitochondria Inner Membrane Generates: – 1 ATP for each pyruvate = 2 ATP total – CO 2 (we exhale CO 2 as waste) –Carriers for electrons (needed for the Electron Transport Chain) http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biolo gy/Bio231/krebs.html http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biolo gy/Bio231/krebs.html

6. Electron Transport Chain Occurs in the Mitochondria Inner Membrane Electrons are brought in by carriers from the end of the Citric Acid Cycle Electrons get passed along proteins in the membrane At the end of the chain Oxygen accepts the electrons 32 ATP molecules are generated in ETC 36 ATP are generated in Aerobic Respiration

7. http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biolo gy/Bio231/etc.html http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biolo gy/Bio231/etc.html

8. Fermentation Fermentation = comes after Glycolysis, occurs when there’s a lack of oxygen, 2 major types: (both generate 2 ATP) – Lactic Acid Fermentation – Alcoholic Fermentation

9. Lactic Acid Fermentation Allows for production of ATP even though there is not enough Oxygen Lactic Acid builds up in the muscles (that’s why you get sore after a workout)

10. Alcoholic Fermentation Used by yeast and bacteria Generates CO 2 and Alcohol

11. End Results Aerobic Respiration = 36 ATP Anaerobic Respiration = 2 ATP

12. Practice Compare and contrast alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

13. Take out a piece of notebook paper Open to page 237 Answer Section Assessment questions #1-5