1. Chapter 8
Operating Systems and Utility Programs

2. System Software What is system software? Including:
Definition: Programs that control operation of computer
Including:
Operating system (OS) (also called platform)
Utility programs
What is a cross-platform application?
----Runs identically on multiple operating systems
Operating system that computer uses is sometimes called the platform

3. Operating System Functions
What is booting?
Process of starting or restarting a computer
Cold boot Turning on computer that has been powered off
Warm boot Restarting computer that is powered on
Warm boot from Windows desktop
Warm boot from system unit

4. What messages display on the screen when you boot the computer?

5. Operating System Functions
What is a recovery disk?
--- Contains system files that will start computer when computer cannot boot. Also called boot disk
---floppy disk, Zip, CD, DVD

6. Operating System Functions
What is single user/ multitasking?
all running processes
Working on two or more programs that reside in memory at same time
Foreground contains application you are using
Background contains programs that are running but are not in use

7. Operating System Functions
What are other program management features of operating systems?
Multiprocessing:
Can support two or more processors running programs at same time
Multiuser:
Enables two or more users to run programs simultaneously
Fault-tolerant computer:
Continues to operate when one of its components fails
Has duplicate components such as processors, memory, and disk drives

8. Operating System Functions
Optimizing use of RAM
What is spooling?
Sending print jobs to buffer instead of directly to printer
Print jobs line up in queue
What is a device driver?
Program that tells operating system how to communicate with device Also called driver
With Plug and Play, operating system automatically configures new devices as you install them

9. Types of Operating Systems
What are three categories of operating systems?
Stand-alone: complete operating system working on PC, laptop, mobile computing device.
like DOS, Windows, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux
Network: OS designed specially to support a network, like netware, windows server 2003,Unix, Linux and Solaris
Embedded : OS on most PDA and small devices
Like, windows CE.net, windows mobile 2003, Palm OS and Symbian OS

10. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is DOS (Disk Operating System)?
Developed in early 1980s for personal computers
Hardly used today because it does not offer GUI
Used command-line interface when first developed, later included menus

11. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
How do Windows versions compare?
Windows Version Year Released
Windows 3.x 1990
Windows NT
Windows
Windows NT Workstation
Windows
Windows Millennium Edition 2000
Windows 2000 Professional 2000
Windows XP 2001

12. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is Windows XP?
Microsoft’s fastest, most reliable Windows operating system
Available in three editions: 1. Home Edition,
2. Professional Edition, and
3. Tablet PC Edition

13. characteristics of operating systems
Device-dependent
Runs only on specific type of computer
Proprietary software
Privately owned and limited to specific vendor or computer model
Device-independent
Runs on many manufacturers’ computers
Downward compatible
Works with application software written for earlier version of operating system
Upward compatible
Runs on new versions of operating system

14. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is Mac OS X?
Available only for computers manufactured by Apple
Macintosh operating system has been model for most GUIs

15. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is OS/2 Warp Client?
IBM’s GUI multitasking operating system
Supports networking, Java, the Internet, and speech recognition

16. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is UNIX?
Used by power users because of its flexibility and power
Most versions offer GUI
Both a stand-alone and a
network operating system

17. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is Linux?
Popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system
Open-source softwaree— code is available to public
Both a stand-alone and a network operating system
Red Hat provides a version of Linux called Red Hat Linux. The GNOME graphical user interface is shown in this example.

18. Network Operating Systems
Allows users to share printer, Internet access,
files, and programs on a network
Administers security by establishing
user name and password for each user
Solaris
Version of UNIX developed by Sun Microsystems
Specifically for e-commerce applications
NetWare
Designed for client/server networks
OS/2 Warp Server for e-business
IBM’s network operating system for businesses
Windows Server 2003
Upgrade to Windows 2000 Server

19. Embedded Operating Systems
What is an embedded operating system?
Found on most mobile computers, PDAs, and other small devices
Windows CE .NET is scaled-down version of Windows

20. Embedded Operating Systems
What are two operating systems for PDAs?
Pocket PC 2002 for Pocket PC
Palm OS for Palm, Visor, and CLIE

21. Utility Programs utility program
System software that performs maintenance-type tasks

22. Utility Programs What is a disk scanner? What is a backup utility?
Detects and corrects problems on hard disk or floppy disk
Searches for and removes unnecessary files
What is a backup utility?
Copies selected files or entire hard disk onto another disk or tape
compress files during backup to require less storage space

23. Utility Programs What is a disk defragmenter?
Reorganizes files and unused space on hard disk so programs run faster
file before defragmenting
fragmented disk
file after defragmenting

24. Utility Programs What is a screen saver?
Causes monitor’s screen to display moving image or blank screen if there is no activity for a specified time
To secure computer, user configures screen saver to require password to deactivate

25. Utility Programs What is a diagnostic utility?
Compiles technical information about hardware and some software
Prepares report outlining problems

26. Stand-Alone Utility Programs
What is a virus?
Potentially damaging computer program
Affects computer without user’s knowledge
SIGNS OF VIRUS INFECTION

27. Stand-Alone Utility Programs
What is an antivirus program?
Identifies and removes viruses in memory, storage media, and incoming files
Must be updated frequently

28. Stand-Alone Utility Programs
What is a file compression utility?
Shrinks size of files to free up room and improve performance
Compressed files are sometimes called zipped files
Two popular utilities: PKZIPTM and WinZip®

29. Stand-Alone Utility Programs
What is a personal firewall?
Protects personal computer from unauthorized intrusions
Monitors all transmissions to and from computer