1. Bell Ringer #1
Answer this question in 2 paragraphs, at least 5 sentences each.
Why do you think teenagers choose to start smoking, even though they know it’s illegal? Also, why would they start with knowing all of the negative health consequences?

2. Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum
The largest single preventable cause of illness and premature death in the United States

3. Classification of Smokers
Stimulation
Handling - oral gratification
Pleasurable relaxation
Crutch - tension reduction
Craving - addiction
Habit

4. Stimulation A person who gets a lift from smoking
The perking up effect is due to nicotine

5. Handling Oral gratification Handle or manipulate
Fulfills certain emotional needs

6. Pleasurable Relaxation
One smokes for positive feelings:
Contentment
Achievement
Victory
Satisfaction

7. Crutch
One uses cigarettes to manage negative effects ( used as a tranquilizer):
Tension reduction
Stressful situations
Anger
Anxiety

8. Craving Psychological and physical addiction
Quitting smoking is difficult
The smoker craves a cigarette first to increase positive feelings and second to decrease negative feelings of withdrawal

9. Habit A behavioral pattern has been established
Smoking loses its former functions
Relaxation, emotional needs
Smoker gets little satisfaction

10. Consequences of Smoking
Statistics and Diseases

11. Research Finding
Male smokers have approximately twice the cancer death rate as nonsmokers
Female smokers have approximately 40% the cancer death rate as nonsmokers
Deaths associated with cigarette smoking have ranged up to nearly 500,000 per year. Coronary heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease

12. Research Finding Life expectancy is shortened by 8 to 9 years
Death rates increase with the amount of cigarettes smoked and are proportional to the duration of smoking
More chronic health conditions occur, such has:
Bronchitis, emphysema, sinusitis, peptic ulcer, arteriosclerosis heart disease

13. Research Finding Acute health conditions increase:
Influenza, asthma, sinusitis, bronchitis
Males 14% higher for acute conditions
Females 21% higher for acute conditions

14. Research Finding
In the United States an estimated 25 million men (25.7%) and 22.6 million women ( 21.5%) are smokers
More than 6,000 people under the age of 18 try a cigarette each day
Each day more than 3,000 persons under the age of 18 become daily smokers

15. Research Finding Pregnancy and Infants
The more a women smokes during pregnancy, the greater the reduction in infant birth weight
Risks:
Spontaneous miscarriage
Fetal death
Placental disorders
Bleeding
Pre - term delivery

16. Research Finding Pregnancy and Infants
Infant Risks:
Long term growth
Intellectual development
Behavioral characteristics
SIDs (sudden infant death syndrome)

17. Involuntary/Passive Smoke (Second Hand Smoke)
Irritation of the eyes, nose and throat
Experience stress, coughing, wheezing, allergic reaction, asthma
Increases risk of lung cancer among nonsmokers by 34%
20% of lung cancer deaths among nonsmokers are attributed to passive smoke

18. A Gateway Drug
Smoking is one of the primary sources of drug interaction in the human body
Tolerance: reduced sensitivity resulting in the need for increased dosage to achieve the desired drug effect

19. Constituents of Tobacco
There are over 4,000 other harmful chemicals that can be found in tobacco smoke!!

20. Chemical Constituents
Nicotine ( causes addiction )
Carbon Monoxide ( exhaust from cars )
Formaldehyde ( preserves dead bodies )
Ammonia ( cleaner )
Carbon Dioxide ( global warming )
Tar (contains several carcinogens)

21. Metal Constituents
Aluminum
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Zinc

22. Nicotine Addiction

23. What Causes Nicotine Addiction?
Nicotine is an addictive drug
It causes chemical changes in the brain
Causes unpleasant withdrawal symptoms similar to heroin or cocaine.
Good feelings that result when nicotine is present and bad feelings when it is absent

24. What else does Nicotine do to the Body ?
The body responds immediately the chemical nicotine
Causes short term increase in;
Blood pressure
Heart rate
Flow of blood from the heart
Arteries narrow

25. What else does Nicotine do to the Body ?
Carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen the blood can carry
Creates an imbalance between the demand for oxygen by the cells and the amount of oxygen the blood can supply

26. How does Carbon Monoxide increase the risk of heart attacks?
Hardening of the arteries:
Carbon monoxide may damage the inner walls of the arteries
Encourages the buildup of fat in the arteries
Vessels narrow and harden

27. How does Nicotine increase the risk of heart attacks?
Causes several changes in the blood that form blood clots
Heart attacks and Strokes are more likely

28. Symptoms of Nicotine Withdrawal
Nicotine is rapidly eliminated by the kidneys. It remains in the body for about two hours
Symptoms:
Irritability
Impatience
Hostility
Anxiety
Depression
Difficulty concentrating

29. Smokeless Tobacco

30. Three Forms Plug Chew Snuff
Shredded tobacco leaves which are pressed into a hard block and placed between the cheek and gum (a wad).
Chew
Shredded tobacco leaves placed between the cheek and gum (a wad).
Snuff
Ground-up moist tobacco placed between the bottom lip and gum (dipping).

31. Ingredients Nicotine Carcinogens (nitro amines)
Sweeteners (sugars and flavorings)
Abrasives
Salt
Other chemicals (hundreds of other chemicals)

32. Risks Mouth Cancer (50% higher)
Throat / Stomach Cancer (larynx / esophagus)
Heart Disease
Dental diseases
Peptic Ulcers
Loss of taste and smell
Decrease in physical well being

33. Nicotine Addiction Nicotine is just as addictive as cocaine or heroin
Each tin of snuff contains a lethal dose of nicotine
Holding a chew or dip in your mouth for 30 minutes equals four cigarettes

34. Quitting Tips Make a list of all the reason you want to quit
Pick a date to quit and make it public
Make it difficult to use tobacco
Get more exercise
Avoid situation and people that use
Get nicotine out of the body
Reward yourself frequently

35. How to Say No Just say “NO” Leave the area Make an excuse
Suggest a better idea
Explain the dangers of chewing