1. ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing
What is Computer ?
Data Processing
Computer
Data Storage
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

2. Major Components of a Computer
MEMORY
I/O
SYSTEM BUS
CPU
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

3. What is Microprocessor ?
CPU
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

4. ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing
Past Microprocessors ...
Intel 4004, 1st single chip CPU, 4-bit processor
Intel 4040, enhanced 4004, 60 instructions
Intel 8008, 8-bit P
Texas Instrument TMS 1000, 1st single C, 4-bit
Intel 8080, successor to the 8008, used in Altair 8800
Motorola 6800, used MOS technology
Intel 8085, updated 8080, +5V power supply
Zilog Z80, improved 8080
TI TMS 9900, 1st 16-bit P
Zilog Z8000, Motorola 68000, 16-bit P
Intel 8086, 16-bit, IBM’s choice...
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

5. What is Microcontroller ?
CPU
MEMORY
I/O
SYSTEM BUS
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

6. Past Microcontrollers ...
Texas Instrument TMS 1000, 1st single C, 4-bit
Intel 8048, 8-bit C, 1k ROM, 64b RAM, 27 I/O
Intel 8051, 4k ROM, 128b RAM, 32 I/O, 2 16-bits timers
1980s
(MCS-51 family)
- Intel 8031, 8052, 8751, …
- Atmel AT89C51, AT 89C1052/2051,…
- Dallas Semiconductor DS5000 series…
- Philips, National Semiconductor, ...
(Other Cs)
Microchip PIC16 series, Motorola 68HC11, Zilog’s Z86
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

7. General Structure of a C
Serial
Interface
Parallel
I/O
Interrupt
Control
CPU
Internal address, data, & control buses
RAM
ROM
Memory
Timers/ Counters
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

8. Major 8-bit Micro-controllers
 Intel 8051
 Motorola 68HC11
 Zilog Z86
 Microchip PIC16XX
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

9. Microprocessor System Vs Microcontroller System
CPU
General
purpose
Micro
processor
Data Bus
Address Bus
RAM
ROM
I / O
Port
Timer
Serial
COM
General-Purpose Microprocessor System
Microcontroller
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

10. Microprocessor System Vs Microcontroller System
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

11. What is CPU ? The Central Processing Unit (or P)
Control Unit & Instruction Decoder
Arithmetic/Logic Unit
Registers
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

12. To synchronize and control the overall operation of the P system
Control Unit & Instruction Decoder
Arithmetic/Logic Unit
To decode instruction and
pass the necessary control signals to CU
Registers
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

13. To perform the arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU
Control Unit & Instruction Decoder
Arithmetic/Logic Unit
Registers
To perform shift and rotate
operations that may either be
arithmetic or logical in nature
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing

14. Control and Status Registers User-Variable Registers
Control Unit & Instruction Decoder
A set of internal storage
locations within the CPU
Arithmetic/Logic Unit
Registers
ECP2036 Microprocessor and Interfacing