1. CPS Beechdrops (Epifagus virginiana) are leafless
plants that lack chlorophyll. Beechdrops get
their nourishment from the roots of beech trees, which reduces the amount of nutrients available to the trees themselves. This interaction is best described as —
A. predatory
B. parasitic
C. commensalistic
D. mutualistic
CPS

2. CPS According to this food web, which of these is an omnivore?
A. Caterpillar
B. Mouse
C. Ant
D. Fly larva

3. Which molecule provides most of the energy used to drive chemical reactions in cells?
CPS
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. ATP
D.ADP

4. PHOTOSYNTHESIS To create Light
Purpose: Plants use light to create sugars

5. Scientists Van Helmont: plants gain most of mass from H2O.
Priestly: Plants release O2.
Ingenhousz: Used Priestly’s experiment and found that plants need sunlight to make O2.

7. What is photosynthesis?
The process in which plants convert light energy into chemical energy (food glucose).
Happens in the chloroplast

8. Photosynthesis Equation
It will be on every quiz and your unit test!
Carbon dioxide + water + E → glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O + E → C6H12O6 + 6O2
(reactants) (products)
light
enzymes
takes in
produces
Light
Enzymes

9. Chloroplast Thylakiod: sac like membranes
Stroma: space between thylakiods
Grana: stack of thylakiods

10. Within the chloroplast pictured above are disc like structures arranged in stacks called grana. The stack like membranes contains pigments that absorb light energy. The individual disc-like shaped structures labeled A are called ____.
CPS A
A. chlorophyll
B. thylakoids
C. stroma
D. Golgi apparatus B

11. Which word summary word equation best describes a process that directly requires light energy?
CPS
A. water + carbon dioxide  glucose + oxygen
B. glucose + glucose  maltose + water
C. glucose  alcohol + carbon dioxide + ATP
D. water + glucose  oxygen + carbon dioxide  ATP

12. Vein

13. Water then travels to each cell through a process known as OSMOSIS.
Water enters the plant through the roots and travels up to the leaf through the veins.
Water then travels to each cell through a process known as OSMOSIS.

14. Stomata are the little “holes” on a plant leaf that regulates the gas exchange in plants.

15. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through the stomata.
Carbon dioxide then travels to each cell through a process known as Diffusion.

16. Which structure regulates gas exchange during the processes of photosynthesis and respiration?
CPS
A. Q
B. R
C. S
D. T

17. Products and Reactants in Photosynthesis
Reactants- Carbon Dioxide and Water
Products- Glucose and Oxygen
There is NO ATP gain during photosynthesis!
*****Remember the ATP Cycle*****

18. Light and Pigments
Photosynthesis depends on pigments -proteins that absorb some light and reflect others.
Examples: chlorophyll and carotene

19. Carotene reflects orange light.
Light and Pigments
Chlorophyll absorbs blue, violet, and red light, but reflects green light.
This is why plants are green.
Carotene reflects orange light.

20. Photosynthesis overview:
Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview
Section 8-3
LIGHT O2
Sugars(glucose)
CO2
Light-
Dependent
Reactions
Calvin
Cycle
H2O
(REACTANTS)
(PRODUCTS)

21. Figure 8-5 Chlorophyll Light Absorption
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll a V B G Y O R

22. The 2 Steps to Photosynthesis
1. Light-dependent reactions
2. Calvin Cycle (AKA: Light-independent reactions)

23. Step 1: Light-Dependent Reactions *requires light*
Purpose: To make oxygen used by other organisms
Location: Thylakoid membranes

24. Step 1: LDR
Reactants
Products
6H2O
Light Energy
6O2

25. Step 1: LDR H2O is broken up by light into H+ and O2.
How it works:
H2O is broken up by light into H+ and O2.
O2 is released through stomata

26. Purpose: To make glucose from CO2
Step 2: The Calvin Cycle (Light-Independent Reactions) * does not need light*
Purpose: To make glucose from CO2
Location: STROMA

27. Step 2: Calvin cycle
Reactants
Products
6CO2
Glucose

28. Calvin Cycle How it works:
6 CO2 enter the cycle and are converted into glucose.
With TWO turns of Calvin Cycle, you make ONE glucose.

29. What are the two steps of Photosynthesis listed in the correct order?
CPS
A. Glycolysis & Krebs cycle
B. Calvin cycle & L.D.R.
C. L.D.R. & Kreb’s cycle
D. L.D.R & Calvin cycle

30. Which compound is a product of photosynthesis and a reactant for cellular respiration?
CPS
A. carbon dioxide
B. water
C. glucose
D. energy

31. Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration often considered opposites?
A. Photosynthesis produces twice as many ATP molecules as cellular respiration does.
B. Water is released during photosynthesis and consumed during cellular respiration.
C. Photosynthesis occurs during the day, and cellular respiration occurs at night.
D. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration
CPS

32. BIG PICTURE Plants release oxygen Animals bring in oxygen
Plants create glucose
Animals eat glucose
Animals breathe out water
Plants bring in water

33. BIG PICTURE Oxygen Glucose Carbon Dioxide water
Plants and animals work together to create the carbon cycle:
Oxygen
Glucose
Carbon Dioxide
water