1. Foreign Policy
You are going to learn how the United states responded to early foreign policy challenges and discuss how much the nation should have become involved in world affairs.

2. U.S. Foreign Policy
Definition: A country’s actions, words, beliefs toward/about other countries
Goals:
1.) Protect U.S and Americans
2.) support economic growth and human rights
3.)increase support of values like democracy and freedom

3. Key players President and Executive Branch begin policy
Legislative (Congress) carries out the policies.

4. Treaties Def: Formal agreement between countries
Who? – President –negotiates and signs
Senate approves with a 2/3 vote
Example: Alliance between two countries to protect one another

5. Pg. 225
Read Section 1. Based on what you just read, propose some possible answers to the Essential Question –
To what extent should the United states have become involved in world affairs in the early 1800’s?

6. President Washington Creates A Foreign Policy
Unfriendly neighbors surround the country
Foreign Threats in 1789
The British refused to leave the Ohio Valley
The U.S. was still allied with France, which was at war with Great Britain

7. George Washington has just given his farewell address.
Complete the statement to explain the foreign policy he thinks the United States should pursue.
I have declared a policy of neutrality and isolationism. This means
We will stay out
of the affairs of
other nations
and avoid forming alliances

8. Dilemma 1
In this activity, you will play the role of foreign policy advisors to four U.S. presidents.
You will be summoned to the White House to make recommendations on how to respond to four foreign policy dilemmas faced by the United states.
Before you can make your recommendations, you’ll have to do some background reading.
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
James Madison
James Monroe

9. Read Section 3, President Adams’s Dilemma: Protecting U.S. Ships
What did the Jay Treaty Resolve?
How did the French respond to the treaty?
The British agreed to pull their troops from the Ohio Valley.
The French viewed the Jay Treaty as a violation of its own treaty with the United States and began to attack U.S. ships

10. How did Congress react to the XYZ affair?
Congress recruited an Army, built new ships for the Navy and authorized war ships and privateers to launch a half war on the seas.

11. Step 4 & 5
For each dilemma, your group will:
Discuss all of your options.
Prepare arguments in support of one option and in opposition to the other options.
Choose a spokesperson to present your group’s recommendations to the President.

12. President Adams’ Foreign Policy Dilemma
What should President Adams do to protect U.S. Ships?
Option A – Declare war on France immediately
Option B – Form a military alliance with Great Britain and declare war on France together
Option C – Do not go to war but try to negotiate with France
Option D – End all overseas shipping

13. Dilemma 1
You will now meet with President Adams to advise him on how to respond to this foreign policy dilemma.

14. Esteemed Advisors, thank you for meeting with me
Esteemed Advisors, thank you for meeting with me. I am interested in your recommendations about how I should respond to this foreign policy dilemma. We will discuss each option.

15. Each spokesperson who supports Option A, please stand.

16. Each spokesperson who supports Option B, please stand.

17. Each spokesperson who supports Option C, please stand.

18. Each spokesperson who supports Option D, please stand.

19. Thank you advisors, I will take your recommendations into account as I make my decision.

20. Now read section 4, WHAT HAPPENED
Adams Pursues Peace in the Student Text on page 229.
Complete the Reading Notes for this section in your packet.

21. Describe what President Adams did to protect U. S
Describe what President Adams did to protect U.S. ships in the Atlantic Ocean. Then explain whether you think he pursued the best foreign policy option.
President Adams sent a peace mission to France. French Leader Napoleon had already ended seizing American ships. U.S. made a treaty with France to end 1778 treaty in exchange for U.S. paying cost of ships seized by France.

22. Dilemma
Mark an X along the spectrum to indicate where President Adam’s response to attacks on U.S. ships falls.

23. Dilemma 2
To prepare for the next round, read Section 5, President Jefferson’s Dilemma: Dealing with Pirates
Complete the Reading Notes for the section in your Interactive Student
1. Why did Great Britain impress U.S. sailors in the early 1800’s.
Great Britain impressed U.S. sailors to serve in the British Navy. They claimed the men were British deserters.

24. Create a simple drawing to represent the problem of piracy by the Barbary States of North Africa. Then explain President Jefferson’s dilemma.
Jefferson had to decide whether to pay tribute to the ruler of Tripoli or go to war with the Barbary States.

25. President Jefferson’s Foreign Policy Dilemma
How should President Jefferson deal with piracy in the Mediterranean Sea?
Option A: Pay the increased tribute to the Tripoli ruler and avoid war.
Option B: Send a peace envoy to Tripoli to negotiate
Option C: Send warships to the Mediterranean Sea to protect U.S. shipping interests.
Option D: End all U.S. shipping in the Mediterranean Sea.

26. How did Jefferson respond to piracy in the Mediterranean Sea?
Jefferson sent a small fleet of warships to protect American ships. America bombarded Tripoli with cannons.
A peace treaty was signed that ended Tripoli asking for tribute in return for U.S. paying 60,000 in ransom for kidnapped crew members.

27. Mark an X along the spectrum to indicate where President Jefferson’s response to piracy in the Mediterranean falls, Mark an O to indicate whether his response to seizures of U.S. ships by Great Britain and France reflected more isolationism or more involvement.

28. Tombstones Criteria for Each President Name of President
Dates of Presidency
Explain presidential Dilemma
What was the President’s decision? Do you agree or disagree? Why or why not?
Symbol that represents the Foreign Policy choice.

29. Tombstones?

30. Thomas Jefferson’s tombstone
Here was buried Thomas Jefferson, Author of the Declaration of American Independence…Father of the University of Virginia

31. Jefferson Davis’ tombstone
At rest
an American soldier
who defended the Constitution

32. Benjamin Franklin’s tombstone
The Body of B. Franklin, printer Like the Cover of an old Book Its Contents torn out And stripped of its Lettering & guilding Lies here food for worms For, it will as he believed appear once more In a new and more elegant edition Corrected and improved by the Author."

33. Mel Blanc’s tombstone
“That’s all, folks!”

34. Reasons for going to war in 1812
Dilemma 3
To prepare for this situation, read section 12:7 (pg. 232)—President Madison’s Dilemma: Protecting Sailors and Settlers
Complete the graphic organizer for section 7 about our reasons for going to war in 1812
Reasons for going to war in 1812
Impressment of sailors
National pride
Making the frontier safe for settlement

35. President Madison’s Foreign Policy Dilemma

36. Video: The War of 1812

37. Dilemma 3: Resolution
Now read section 12.8—What Happened: The War of 1812

38. War of 1812: Timeline
1812
July 1812: Congress declares war on Great Britain
1813
September 1813: U.S. Naval force captures a British fleet on Lake Erie
1814
August 1814: British army invades Washington, DC
December 1814: U.S. and British diplomats sign peace treaty in Belgium
1815
January 1815: Battle of New Orleans

39. Dilemma 3: Spectrum
Mark an X along the spectrum to indicate where President Madison’s decision to declare war on Great Britain falls. Make sure you write a sentence justifying your placement.

40. Dilemma 4: President Monroe
To prepare for this situation, read section 12.9 (page 235)—President Monroe’s Dilemma: A New Foreign Policy Challenge
Why might the U.S. have been interested in supporting new Latin America nations in the early 1800s?
We were genuinely concerned for the well-being of the new nations

41. Processing Activity: Foreign Policy Legacies

42. Events in Early American Foreign Policy
Washington: Establishes neutrality and isolationism
Adams: Pursues peace
Jefferson: Some military protection for ships, but stayed isolated with Embargo Act
Madison: Abandons isolationism and declares War of 1812